On teaching strategies in second language acquisition

How to acquire a second language is a question of obvious importance to teachers and language learners, and how to teach a second language has also become a matter of concern to the linguists＇ interest in the nature of primary linguistic data. Starting with the development stages of second language acquisition and Stephen Krashen＇s theory, this paper puts forward teaching strategies： analyzing learner characteristics, signing classroom contracts, creating learner-centered classroom, setting language goals, integrating theory with practice and building learner motivation.     

The Enhancement Effect of Learner Autonomy on Motivation in SLL

For many years now," autonomy" in learning has been a topic of widespread discussion in educational field.Accordingly,it is Henry Holec who introduced learner autonomy to the field of second language in his project report to the Council of Europe in 1981.Motivation is also a widely used psychological term in our daily life and research.Both learner autonomy and motivation are important factors in influencing learning effects.Many researchers conduct studies on learner autonomy and motivation.There are also some studies on the correlation between learner autonomy and motivation in SLL(Second Language Learning).However,few of them focus on the effect of learner autonomy on motivation.Thus,it makes an attempt to investigate whether learner autonomy has an enhancement effect on motivation.It combines motivation and learner autonomy together to find some effective and efficient ways of promoting foreign or second language learning.In another way,it enriches learner autonomy research.It holds that learner autonomy is a very important factor in influencing motivation.It will make a combination between learner autonomy and motivation in SLL to find some new ways of promoting learners’ motivation and learning efficiency.A survey methodology has been employed which consists of qualitative and quantitative methods.Specifically,both questionnaire and interview have been conducted in the research.     

CERTAIN NATIVE LANGUAGE INTERFERENCES IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

Here we refer the native language to Chinese and the second language to English especially college English. According to linguistic study, there are certain native language interferences in secondlanguage acquisition when one is learning the second language,i. e. when a Chinese is learningEnglish, due to the influence of mother tongue which is habitually applied in learning the second language, his pronounciation, his grammar and his vocabulary are quite likely influencedor interfered by his native language or his dialect. Unfortunately, we did find certain first language interferences in our English teaching and learning processes on various items or subjects.     

An Analysis of Sources and Features of Interlanguage

The idea of Interlanguage is founded upon the assumption that a second language learner, at any particular moment in his learning process, is using a language system which is neither the first language...     

Second Language Lecture Comprehension: Student's Perception, Problems and Strategies

The ability to comprehend academic lecture is an important part of the necessary proficiency of tertiary level students for whom English is a second or foreign language. The purpose of this research is to investigate the lecture-perceived experience of one non-nativespeaking learner who attending her English medium lecture course in the first semester in New Zealand. It describes how the learner perceives the lecturing experience, the problems she encounters and the strategies she use to overcome these problems.     

A Reviewing on English Writing Researching in China

English writing is also a crucial means of evaluating the language proficiency of a learner of English as second language.As a result, it is essential to review English writing researching in terms of contents, number, methods, process, feedback and assessment which can guide our English writing teaching effectively.     

A Reviewing on English Writing Researching in China

English writing is also a crucial means of evaluating the language proficiency of a learner of English as second language. As a result, it is essential to review English writing researching in terms of...     

Can adults gain a native-like accent

There is a hot debate in linguistics and second language acquisition over the extent to which the ability to acquire a second language is naturally connected with age.This article explores whether one's age at which he begins to learn a second language is a contributing factor in his accent.With contrastive analysis,the article comes to the conclusion that it is rare for late learners to have a native-like accent.     

Confucian Heritage and Spoken English Anxiety in China

In order to promote learners’spoken English proficiency,a further understanding of the impact of Confucian tradition,as a historically dominant ethical and philosophical system,on learner anxiety and eventually on learning efficiency in a spoken English class is generated,and a theoretical analysis is conducted,from the perspectives of second language acquisition and intercultural communication.Some Confucian values including self-restraint,propriety observation,paying reverence to teachers and face-keeping principle may increase learner anxiety in oral English class,hindering the development of their spoken English proficiency.Accordingly,a set of teaching strategies to help control culture-related anxiety in spoken English class are systematically presented.     

Affective Variables and Learning Experience in SLA

The study aims at finding out the factors that have impact on a second language learner improving his language proficiency. To achieve this purpose, a research was conducted at an American University. A male subject was chosen from the ESL center in the English department of the University. The author followed up his life and study during the whole semester and assessed his improvement in English learning. The results showed that motivation and prior learning experience played vital roles in the subject’s improvement of English proficiency.     

An Analysis of Errors in Second Language Acquisition

It is natural for language learner to make errors in the process of second language acquisition.But different linguists hold different views on the nature of errors and the methods of dealing with learner’ s errors.Three main Western theories on errors are Contrastive Analysis,Error Analysis and the Interlanguage Theory.This paper first examines three most influential error theories,and then probes into their enlightenment on second language teaching.     

Multi-tasking to Address Diversity in Language Learning

With focus now placed on the learner, more attention is given to his learning style, multiple intelligence and developing learning strategies to enable him to make sense of and use of the target language appropriately in varied contexts and with different uses of the language. To attain this, the teacher is tasked with designing, monitoring and processing language learning activities for students to carry out and in the process learn by doing and reflecting on the learning process they went through as they interacted socially with each other. This paper describes a task named“The Fishbowl Technique”and found to be effective in large ESL classes in the secondary level in the Philippines.     

Intrinsic and Indispensable Relationships between Language Learning and Culture Learning-Based on Case Studies of Cross-cultural Communication

Language and culture are closely related with each other: language is the carrier and a fundamental part of culture, while culture has an intrinsic and indispensable impact on language and is also reflected in language. So if in the language learning and teaching, attention is only paid to the linguistic forms but the relationship between language and culture is ignored, then the learner’s linguistic ability will not be equivalent to his or her social and cultural communication competence. Especially in the times of globalization with increasing transna tional and cross-cultural communication, the knowledge of cultural background is the must prerequisite for not only the avoidance of cul tural "conflict" but the success of communication. Based on the studies of several cross-cultural communication cases and the analysis of the relationship between language and culture, including the famous Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, this paper is aimed to analyze the intrinsic and in dispensable relationship between language learning and culture learning.     

The Application of Communicative Approach of English Teaching in Vocational School

Foreign language teaching is to make a learner communicate with the native language speaker smoothly.And Communicative Approach is a very effective way for language aquisition.Combining the methods and features of CA and the present situation of English teaching,this paper aims to discuss the application of CA in English teaching in vocational school and show people the superiority of it.     

Motivation——the Major Individual Learner Difference in Second Language Learning

As one of the major individual learner differences in second language learning,motivation is frequently used to account for differential success in learning a foreign language.When comes to the definition of motivation,Ellis(2006:537) primarily defines motivation is "the effort learners were prepared to make to learn a language and their persistence in learning." According to Dornyei(2001a:8) motivation is The choice of a particular action,the persistence with it,the effort expended on it.In other words,motivation is responsible for why people decide to do something,how long they are willing to sustain the activity,how hard they are going to pursue it.     

The Impact of Positive Affect on Language Learning Efficiency

To generate a further understanding of the impact of positive affective variables on foreign language learning efficiency, a theoretical analysis was conducted, from second language acquisition and cognitive psychology perspectives. Second language acquisition process is inevitably influenced by individual affective variables residing within the learner. To improve language learning efficiency, positive and facilitative affect should be enhanced in language learning.     

Teaching about Different Lifestyles in Second Language Learning

Cultural learning is an indispensible part in both first and second language learning.One cannot learn a language without learning the culture where it operates.This literature review aims to clarify the relationship between language and culture and arouse language teachers’ consciousness of the benefits of integrating cultural teaching into language learning in second language classrooms by addressing the question:What are the benefits of combining language teaching and cultural teaching? Consequently it explains the nature of different lifestyles in different cultures and the process of second language learning.Also,it explores the significance of cultural awareness in second language learning and teaching and the strategies to incorporate lifestyles into second language teaching.The findings of this literature review strongly suggest the importance for second language teachers to incorporate culture into classroom teaching.Learning a second language cannot be separated from learning the target culture which facilitates successful language learning and reduces prejudice,misunderstanding and stereotyped notions towards the target language group.     

Teachers' Roles in the Teaching of the Course of English Linguistics

Linguistics is a necessary course for English-majors because it plays an important role in second language learning, teaching and research. It is significant, yet difficult to make this course comprehensible and interesting and get the students involved in and attracted by it. This paper intends to analyze and explore teachers’ roles in the course of linguistics from the following aspects: as an explainer, as an activator, as a co-learner, as a question-finder and as an enabler. Some examples are taken to show how to make use of comparison, contrast, instance, discussion, and practice for classroom management. What’s important for a teacher of linguistics is not only to understand linguistic theories and carry on linguistic research by him- or herself, but also to make his or her students get to know the nature of language and learn to do scientific studies of language by themselves.     

Listening

Introduction The term listening is used in language teaching to refer to a complex process that allows us to understand spoken language.Listening,the most widely used language skill,is often used in conjunction with the other skills of speaking, reading and writing.Listening is not only a skill area in lan- guage performance,but is also a critical means of acquiring a second language (L2).Listening is the channel in which we process language in real time-employing pacing,units of encoding and pausing that are unique to spoken language.     

The exploration of student-centred approaches for the improvement of learning programming in higher education

The author has undergone a major shift in the way of teaching his undergraduate computer programming courses. In the classroom, the teacher＇s computer is connected to a splitter and a video projector that display the computer＇s screen to the entire class. Using this technology, the programming language itself is used live in class to help the students learn how to program. The students are learning in a context by far livelier than those of previous methods. Teaching computer programming is not achieved by lecturing and writing the program instructions on board or by displaying program instructions to the class on transparencies or slides of electronic presentations. With the implementation of student-centered approaches, the students migrated from the state of passive receivers to constructors of computer programming concepts. Students are coached to develop a sense of exploration, individuality and autonomous thinking. The enthusiasm for technology has been facilitating and supporting the learner-centered approach. Everyone in this approach is a learner, including the teacher.