研究性学习在初中数学中的应用

研究性学习是一种新型学习模式,在数学领域中,研究性学习是一种有效的学习方法 ,能让学生主动参与到学习中,主动动手、动脑。初中数学的研究性学习必须尊重学生自身理念,侧重培养学生独立问题意识以及思考能力,培养他们的创新思维,促进学生理解力的提高和个人的全面发展。研究性学习的开展要从基础教育入手,从学习活动中培养学生的思维能力。     

数学批判性思维及其教学策略

数学批判性思维是一种高层次的思维活动,提倡数学批判性思维有利于培养学生的创造性思维能力。在教学中,教师可以通过运用“思维的批判术”,提出问题,引发学生深入思考;通过研究性学习活动以及引导学生进行反思性的数学学习等教学策略,培养学生的批判性思维。     

初中数学开展研究性学习活动存在的问题

初中数学研究性学习正在如火如荼地进行,在实施过程中存在如下问题:一种是把研究性学习与接受性学习作为一对矛盾体,认为研究性学习应逐渐替代接受性学习;另一种是认为研究性学习应该固定在某类课堂中运用.初中数学研究性学习的方式包括:数学开放题、数学变式练习、数学小论文、数学竞赛和数学建模.在实施过程中应注意:(1)研究性学习与接受性学习不应对立,而应是互补关系;对于初中数学研究性学习的实施应具有灵活性.在初中数学开设研究性学习,应侧重使学生形成独立的问题意识及思考能力,以培养创新思维,促进理解能力和个性的健全发展.     

高中数学研究性学习实施策略

研究性学习是一种主动学习的学习方式,重在学习研究的过程。教师通过科学的引导,有力地指导学生利用已有的数学理论去探求新知,在此过程中培养学生科学的数学思维和研究方法。本文笔者在阐释数学研究性学习内涵的基础上,提出了实施研究性学习的主要策略。     

研究性学习在小学高年级数学科目开展的现状及改进对策分析

近年来,研究性学习已经受到了教育界的普遍关注。研究性学习能够有效转变以往接受性教学模式,促进学生探究意识的培养,带来更好的教学效果。小学数学作为重要的学习科目,对于学生的计算能力与逻辑思维都具有重要影响。在高年级数学教学过程中合理地引入研究性学习,可以帮助学生巩固数学知识,培养数学思维。因此,本文针对研究性学习在小学高年级数学科目开展的现状进行分析探讨,并提出小学高年级数学实施研究性学习的策略。     

新课程下高中数学如何实施研究性学习

数学研究性学习是培养学生在数学教师指导下,从自身的数学学习和社会生活、自然界以及人类自身的发展中选取有关数学研究专题,以探究的方式主动地获取数学知识、应用数学知识解决数学问题的学习方式。本文从在数学问题中渗透研究性学习、在社会实践中渗透研究性学习和在研究性学习中把握教师指导的度三个方面阐述了如何在高中数学教学中开展研究性学习。     

小学数学研究性学习教学策略探究

在小学数学课堂上实施研究性学习教学策略,不仅可以提高小学数学教学的效率,更可以真正培养学生的创新思维,激发学生的学习主动性。小学数学研究性学习教学应主要从选取有利于“研究”的教学内容、创设合理问题情境等几方面入手。     

初中数学思维能力培养途径探析

本文主要围绕开展数学课研究性学习应注意的思维问题进行探析,指出引导学生带着问题去学习数学,强化系统思维,在解决问题中完成数学学习,提高数学思维,在研究与学习中提高数学学习能力,养成创新思维等几方面思维培养问题,力求寻找出适应素质发展的数学教育思维．     

研究性学习研究现状的探究

研究性学习是提高学生自主学习能力,培养学生创新思维的有效学习方式。本文论述了我国基础教育、大学、职业教育等多层次的研究性学习,以及国外研究性学习的研究情况。     

大学数学“研究性学习”教学方法初探

在大学数学的教学过程中,采用“研究性学习”教学方法有利于激发学生学习的兴趣和积极性,培养学生的创新思维和提高学生的学习效率。本文从教学实践角度,提出了大学数学“研究性学习”教学方法的几点体会。     

A Process Model for Interaction and Mathematical Level Raising

In this article we present a process model we have developed for interaction and mathematical level raising. In the process model the focus is on the individual learning process. The model is based on our own research experience and our common interest in individual learning processes. We relate it to other research. The model is meant to show how level raising can be realised by letting students work in small groups on a mathematical problem.     

数学学习困难儿童的多媒体教学策略

如何对数学学习困难儿童进行有效干预是很多教育工作者关心的问题。已有研究表明,工作记忆的缺陷是数学学习困难的根本原因。而基于认知负荷理论的教学设计正是针对人的工作记忆容量有限这一特点,利用多媒体来促进意义学习的完成。文章试图以工作记忆为桥梁,结合认知负荷理论,提出几条针对数学学习困难儿童的多媒体教学的干预措施,并指出了将来的研究方向。     

试析影响学生数学建模数学化过程的若干因素

为适应新一轮数学课程改革中加强应用性和创新性,重视联系学生生活实际和社会实践要求,开展数学建模教学成为当今数学教育改革的热点之一。如何有效实施数学建模教学是许多数学教师感到困惑的一大难题。而研究学生数学建模过程中所面临的困难及产生原因是教师有效实施数学建模教学的前提与关键。文章拟从初中数学课堂中实施数学建模教学的一则案例出发,初步研究发现学生在数学建模的数学化过程中,学生自身的数学阅读能力、简化实际问题能力、数学语言能力和元认知能力影响着学生的数学建模活动。从而对教师在日常数学课堂中有效开展数学建模教学活动具有积极意义。     

Development and evaluation of a case‐based digital learning tool about children's mathematical thinking for elementary school teachers (L‐TEST)

It is important for teachers of mathematics to know how pupils react to certain mathematical situations and what these reactions imply, in order to design more effective instructional environments based on their learning needs. This study reports the development processes of a digital learning tool (Learning Tool for Elementary School Teachers (L‐TEST)) that shows children's mathematical thinking for the ages of 4–11 years across certain problem situations. L‐TEST is designed as a support tool to be used in teacher education. A case‐based instructional model was used in designing the instructional tool. Video recordings were digitised to provide a rich environment where learners observe exemplary cases. These exemplified videos included children's mathematical development in the subjects of numbers and shapes, combined with discussions in line with the current research findings. Finally, a usability test for the learning tool was carried out.     

Increasing engagement of students with learning disabilities in mathematical problem‐solving and discussion

Engagement in problem‐solving and mathematical discussion is critical for learning mathematics. This research review describes a gap in the literature surrounding engagement of students with Learning Disabilities in standards‐based mathematical classrooms. Taking a sociocultural view of engagement as participation in mathematical practices, this review found that students with LD were supported towards equal engagement in standards‐based mathematics through multi‐modal curriculum, consistent routines for problem‐solving, and teachers trained in Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching. Using this small set of studies (7), we identify the need to deepen the engagement of students with LD in mathematical problem‐solving and discussion. This review concludes with implications for teaching and learning.     

Teacher beliefs and practices formed during an innovation with computer‐based exploratory mathematics in the classroom

This paper describes research into the beliefs and practices established over time by teachers, who had been engaged in an innovative ‘mathematical investigations’ school program, based on the use of exploratory software. The theoretical framework perceives the teacher as an active mediator of innovation, constructing and reorganizing a personal pedagogy. Interview and detailed observational classroom data were collected and analyzed, synthesizing qualitative and quantitative interpretations of teachers' comments in the classroom. The results show that teachers refer to a variety of aspects of the learning situations in which they intervene rather than just the mathematical concepts and ideas. They adopt multiple roles in the classroom and are influenced by the values of the educational system. The ways in which these issues influence teaching and learning of the mathematical concepts at hand is considered. The nature of teacher beliefs and the ways in which they may influence their practice is questioned.     

基于在线学习行为数据的学习者群体特征挖掘研究

教育信息化促使越来越多的学习者选择在线学习,基于学习行为数据的研究也逐渐增多,然而对学习行为的研究普遍基于学习者个人,涉及学习者相似群体特征挖掘的研究较少。选取阿里云天池中的公开数据集,通过对不同个性特征和认知能力的行为数据进行相关性分析,以学习成绩为依据聚类不同的学习者群体,挖掘群体的典型行为特征。研究表明,群体行为特征存在显著差异,借助群体特征挖掘可以帮助学生与他人对比,发现自身不足并及时调整。这样既能在个性化学习基础上充分利用群体智慧,也能避免因学生过多使教学工作者负担过重。     

Role of cognitive theory in the study of learning disability in mathematics

Gersten, Jordan, and Flojo (in this issue) provide the beginnings of an essential bridge between basic research on mathematical disabilities (MD) in young children and the application of this research for the early identification and remediation of these forms of learning disability. As they acknowledge, the field of MD is in the early stages of development, and thus recommendations regarding identification measures and remedial techniques must be considered preliminary. I discuss the importance of maintaining a tight link between theoretical and empirical research on children's developing numerical, arithmetical, and mathematical competencies and future research on learning disabilities in mathematics. This link will provide the foundation for transforming experimental procedures into assessment measures, understanding the cognitive strengths and weaknesses of children with these forms of learning disability, and developing remedial approaches based on the pattern of cognitive strengths and weaknesses for individual children.     

Effects of the SOLVE Strategy on the Mathematical Problem Solving Skills of Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities

This study examined the effects of explicit instruction in the SOLVE Strategy on the mathematical problem solving skills of six Grade 8 students with specific learning disabilities. The SOLVE Strategy is an explicit instruction, mnemonic‐based learning strategy designed to help students in solving mathematical word problems. Using a multiple probe across participants design, results suggested a functional relation between explicit instruction in the SOLVE strategy and increase in strategy use and computation scores on grade level mathematical word problems for all participants. Additionally, all participants generalized the SOLVE Strategy to other mathematic topics and concepts, and the teacher and students felt the intervention was socially acceptable. Finally, limitations, implications for practice, and suggestions for future research are discussed.     

Examining a mathematical model of mastery learning in a classroom setting

The purpose of mathematical models in any discipline is to describe accurately the relationships among significant variables of a system. The use of mathematical models is widespread in the sciences, but has rarely found its way into educational research. In developing a mathematical model for mastery learning, empirical research has shown that prior learning, motivation, and time on task are part of the significant variables that work together in some way in a determination of student achievement. A mathematical model that shows the relationship among these variables has been developed. To test the appropriateness of this mathematical model, carefully designed and controlled experiments must be conducted to collect numerical data on the significant variables. Using the model, the accuracy of its predictions can be compared with actual results. This is the technique used in testing mathematical models in the sciences and should be applicable to mathematical models of learning.