具有适应度的无标度网络

提出了一个具有适应度的无标度网络模型。每个时间间隔,网络以概率p增加一个新点,并以适应度择优选择m个旧点与新点连接,产生m条新边;以概率1-p按度数择优的规则在旧点之间生成m条新边。对于一些特定的节点适应度的概率密度函数ρ(x)和率函数f(x,y),该网络的度分布具有幂律尾部,且幂律指数2<γ<+∞。     

一个非匹配的加权网络

提出一个非匹配的加权网络模型,其中新节点与旧节点以与度成正比进行择优连接,旧节点之间以与强度成正比进行连接。理论分析与数值模拟结果显示,该网络的度分布、强度分布以及权重分布都具有无标度特征。通过对邻居节点平均度和邻居节点平均强度的研究表明,该网络具有非匹配特性。     

精品课程中轴辐式教师合作网络研究——以西南交通大学为例

文章对西南交通大学下属的6个独立学院自2003年至2007年期间开设的精品课程中教师进行统计,研究了5年内6个学院所开设的精品课程中教师合作所形成的网络。基于轴辐式网络模型形成的6个教师合作网络一个是连通网络,而多数网络则是由多个子网络构成的非连通网络,各网络统计参数呈现出无标度网络特性,部分连通子网络呈现小世界网络特性,比较分析了造成各个网络特性差异的网络连接结构及其内在原因。     

复杂网络模型评述

复杂网络模型是复杂网络研究的基础和内容,简单介绍模型的相关度量及一些典型模型,重点综述演化模型的发展及取得的成果,最后探讨了未来复杂网络建模的一些待解决的问题。     

计算机科学领域作者合作网络及其分析

对作者合作网络的实证分析是当前情报学等领域的一个热点问题。本文运用复杂网络方法研究了计算机科学领域的作者合作网络。对2005年1月至2008年12月间一计算机杂志上的论文作者进行了统计。分析了一些重要的网络统计参数,对各年作者合作网络的最大连通子网络进行了比较分析,并结合采用多种中心化分析指标对最大连通子网络进行了中心化分析。     

小世界网络和无标度网络的同一演化模型

提出了一个能构建小世界网络和无标度网络的演化模型,这演化模型保持节点规模和边数量不变,引入边非线性择优重连方法．数值模拟表明：当边重连概率比较小时,能生成小世界网络,而当重连概率等于1时,能生成无标度网络．     

无标度网络的通信动态

研究了无标度网络的通信动态,提出两个新的网络资源分配方案,即基于节点负载特征方案和基于节点度的方案,并给予了合理性解释．仿真研究表明,这两个方案都能明显地提高网络的通信容量．     

基于择优随机游动的加权网络模型

基于择优随机游动提出一个加权网络模型,并对网络的强度分布、度分布以及权重分布进行分析,结果表明：该模型生成的网络具有无标度特性．     

一类度互质的无标度网络研究

本文提出了一类度互质的严格无标度网络模型,刻画出其节点分布规律,并基于这种模型进一步分析了幂指数大于2与小于等于2时无标度网络拓扑性质的区别。     

唐山市区公交系统静态网络性质的研究

以唐山市公交系统为研究对象,构建网络模型。在L空间和P空间分别研究唐山市公交系统静态网络性质,包括网络的聚类系数、平均路径长度和度分布。结果表明,唐山市的公交网络具有较大的聚类系数、较小的平均路径长度和指数形式的度分布,具有典型的小世界网络的特征。     

SCAN: A method of community collaboration

Recent research has highlighted the complexity of the battered child syndrome. Clinical experience suggests that treatment of troubled families is a long-term process, draining financial resources of agencies and emotional resources of professionals. The need to provide support and case consultation to professionals working in the area of child abuse and neglect evolved in the establishment, in 1968, of the Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect (SCAN) Program at Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. This program provides an effective method of intervention through identification, consultation, referral and follow-up of at-risk families. Weekly meetings offer multi-disciplinary case coordination, treatment recommendations, and a channel of communication for representatives of community agencies. This paper traces the history and present status of the SCAN Program, as well as the role of SCAN as a force for change of community attitudes.     

The resources and obstacles of creative collaboration in a long-term learning community

In the framework of a subject-centred socio-cultural approach, this study investigates creative collaboration and the resources for and obstacles to it in a long-term learning community of ten teacher students. The study focuses on five different learning situations over a 2-year period. The data were taken from teacher students’ evaluations and accounts (on given criteria) of their videotaped group-learning sessions, and their reports of the obstacles to creative collaboration. Using the students’ evaluations of the five videotaped group learning situations, the sessions they assessed as the least and most creative were compared, the aim being to discover the most important situation-specific contextual resources for collaborative creativity in the learning settings addressed. The findings showed that creative collaboration was manifested by the presentation of alternative views, and in most situations also by the production of new ideas. However, it was less evident that group discussion would in every session reveal contradictions or lead to the disclosure of opposing views concerning different meanings; nor would it necessarily create an elaborated understanding of the learning topic. The main obstacles to creative collaboration were related to the emotional atmosphere and power relations of the group. A comparison of the contextual conditions of the least and most creative evaluated situation illustrates that the least creative situation was characterised by participants’ disputational talk, aimed at invalidating opposing opinions. Here, the group atmosphere was emotionally charged in a negative sense, and mutual care taking was lacking. The unsafe atmosphere made group members afraid of being emotionally bruised by other members. The most creative situation was characterised by complementarity in participants’ talk and by inclusive utilisation of each other's views. The shared history of the group was an extremely important resource for group dialogue, allowing alternative future scenarios to be constructed reflectively. The emotional scaffolding between students was rich, and the tutor's resources were utilised. Results are discussed in terms of complementarity, emotions and power relations.     

东昌湖轮虫群落结构及种群分布

对东昌湖轮虫群落结构、种群分布和丰度进行了初步研究。在湖区共检出8种轮虫,隶属于5属,其中优势种群为萼花臂尾轮虫（Brachionus calyciflorus）、角突臂尾轮虫（Brachionus angularis）和壶状臂尾轮虫（Brachionus angularis）,平均丰度为618ind．／L。轮虫的种群分布及生物多样性在东昌湖三个湖区因污染程度的不同而存在着较大的差别。     

局域世界机制下无标度知识网络的生成模型(英文)

为了更真实地模拟现实知识网络的成长过程, 构造了一类基于局域连接机制下的知识网络生成模型. 利用统计物理学中的平均场方法, 给出了知识网络度分布的理论预测, 并运用Matlab仿真进行了验证: 当局域世界规模很小时, 网络度的分布函数近似服从无标度分布, 当局域世界规模不是很小时, 网络度的分布会从纯粹的无标度状态变化成尾状物服从指数分布的近似无标度状态, 且无标度指数随着可调参数增加而增加, 随着新增边数的增加而减少. 最后,比较了在局域连接机制和全局连接机制下生成的知识网络的一些知识指标.从长期来看, 与全局机制相比, 局域机制会导致网络平均知识水平增长缓慢, 而且网络同质化现象严重.     

Project friends: A multi-age learning community

Project Friends is a learning community based on our confidence in the multi-age classroom as a valuable and viable vehicle for teaching young children. Our three multi-age classrooms of kinder-garten, first- and second-grade children were the served as the setting for Project Friends. In this article, we share our beginnings, significant features and outcomes of the learning community, and our reflections on a year ended in Project Friends. Our experiences and the experiences of the children in the multi-age classrooms continue to provide rich contexts for teaching and learning in the elementary school. Supported by school/university collaboration.     

超高产春小麦群体结构与经济产量及生物产量关系的研究

以超高产春小麦品种克丰4号和一般品种新克旱9号、 东农7742、克涝3号为试材,综合考察其冠层形态结构对经济产量及生物产量的影响。试验结果统计分析表明：超高产品种克丰4号较其它三个品种一具有明显的生物学特征特性,单株小麦酌生物产量和粒重相对较低,但单位面积上群体经济产量和生物产量明显提高,经济产量分别提高41．7％、47．9％、54,7％,单位面积上的旗叶干重分别提高3．9％、65．8％、44．6％。