机构设计树与机构创新设计

在研究机构创新设计的基础上,结合树形结构的相关理论,提出了机构设计树的新概念,并详细地阐述了机构设计树的特点,以及机构设计树在机构创新设计中的应用。实例证明,机构设计树不仅是一种由基本运动链向具体机构转化的分析工具,而且还提供了一条由基本运动链设计出不同机构的捷径。     

巡检机器人机械结构设计研究

本文通过首先阐述了巡检机器人总体机构设计,通过对巡检机器人结构设计的分析后,采用双机械臂反对称机构进行设计.总的来说,本文对巡检机器人机械机构的设计,实现对机器人各关节机构的结构设计,在进行巡检机器人的机械机构设计过程中不但满足对机械机构设计中遵循的设计原则外还根据巡检机器人的特殊作业环境和作业任务进行分析,满足所规定的特有的设计要求.     

基于UG的缝纫机机构设计管理系统的研究与开发

本文主要论述开发缝纫机智能化CAD系统的机构设计部分的基本思想和实现过程,并结合作者在浙江省制造业信息化工程重大科技攻关项目中的实际工作,利用分布式数据库Oracle和UG二次开发工具UG/OPENAPI,建立和开发了三维参数化缝纫机机构设计管理系统,实现了缝纫机四大机构的参数化设计分析以及相关计算和知识库管理,同时提供了特殊缝纫机新机构设计模块.文章最后以缝纫机四大机构中的送料机构为例,对该系统进行了例证.     

变速器互锁机构创新设计开放性综合实验设计与实践

根据汽车变速器产品开发工程实例建立了变速器互锁机构创新设计实验系统,基于变速器换挡系统实验台、互锁机构设计与虚拟仿真验证开展了变速器互锁机构创新设计开放性综合实验。实验过程包含典型换挡系统的认识与拆装、互锁机构创新设计、互锁机构虚拟装配、换挡机构虚拟运动仿真等环节。通过启发学生突破现有成熟的机械结构,发散思维,创造新机构。针对新设计的零部件进行有限元分析计算和机构的虚拟装配及运动仿真分析,培养其创新思维和工程思维,提高解决实际问题的能力。     

基于Working Model 2D运动仿真的机构设计

介绍了基于Working Model 2D运动仿真的机构设计.该文利用该软件对四杆机构进行运动仿真和运动分析,结合Excel实现凸轮机构的凸轮轮廓线的设计并作运动仿真.此软件简单易学,仿真过程形象直观,为机构设计提供了一个极好的工具.     

曲柄摇杆机构的骨架模型法参数化设计研究

自顶向下的设计模式符合产品的设计思路,Pro/E软件在组件模式下的骨架模型设计是自顶向下设计的方法之一。该法可以使设计信息在整个组件中顺利地传达,保证了产品设计合理性和装配的准确性,从而确保稳妥的设计。结合Pro/E参数化建模思路,在组件模式下设计了曲柄摇杆机构的参数化骨架模型,并通过该骨架模型创建了机构零件,通过改变机构骨架模型参数,实现了曲柄摇杆机构的参数化和系列化设计。     

VB环境下曲柄滑块机构可视化设计

基于VB环境设计了一款偏置曲柄滑块机构,实现了机构设计过程的参数化和仿真结果的可视化,获得了关键构件的位移、速度和加速度等运动学参数。研究结果对于其它机构的设计开发具有一定的参考价值。     

平面连杆机构设计实验的开发与实践

阐述了平面连杆机构设计实验的开发理由,设计并制作了实验装置。根据教学要求研究并总结出3种铰链四杆机构、3种带单移动副四杆机构和3种六杆机构的设计方法和设计要点,编写出《平面连杆机构设计方法及设计要点》教学辅导材料及实验教材。实现了使学生在实践中设计平面连杆机构,并在设计实践中总结设计方法和设计要点的教学方法,为学生掌握并应用所学知识提供了一个锻炼平台。     

基于平面变胞原理改进粉料压片机传动机构

利用平面变胞原理改造了传统的曲柄滑块机构,使其按一定规律实现有停歇的往复移动,构建出新型的间歇运动机构,并将其用于对粉料压片机下冲头传动机构的改进,极大地简化间歇运动机构及其设计,丰富了间歇机构的设计方法。     

基于SolidWorks的凸轮机构参数化设计二次开发研究

机构参数化设计是机械设计的最新方法和途径。为解决参数化三维CAD建模的技术难题,在SolidWorks软件平台上利用Visual Basic二次开发工具,以凸轮机构为实例进行机构参数化设计的二次开发,实现了凸轮机构的完全参数化设计。对提高机械设计人员高标准化、系列化设计效率具有重要参考价值。     

Parent-Child Collaborative Explanations: Methods of Identification and Analysis

Educational researchers are increasingly using design as a means of advancing their understanding. Historically design in educational research has served as a way to implement theories for testing. The emerging design research paradigm treats design as a strategy for developing and refining theories. In this article, I discuss the lessons that can be learned from design. Starting from a model that characterizes designs in terms of problem analyses, design solutions, and design processes, I describe 3 types of theories that can be developed through design research: domain theories, design frameworks, and design methodologies. I present examples from a design research program investigating software supports for reflective inquiry. I argue for design research as form of educational research because (a) design offers opportunities to learn unique lessons, (b) design research yields practical lessons that can be directly applied, and (c) design research engages researchers in the direct improvement of educational practice.     

服装工艺与服装设计多视角结合的教学研究

服装工艺教学必须改变传统的教学模式,提供给学生多练习、多实践的机会,使学生能真正把握服装设计的本质。从服装工艺与实用服装设计结合、与时尚服装设计结合、与少数民族服饰设计结合的多视角出发,设计"一体化"的教学模式,在将服装的款式设计、结构设计、工艺设计等各项技能融于一体方面进行有益的尝试。     

Cognitive Activity‐Based Design Methodology for Novice Visual Communication Designers

The notion of design thinking is becoming more concrete nowadays, as design researchers and practitioners study the thinking processes involved in design and employ the concept of design thinking to foster better solutions to complex and ill‐defined problems. The goal of the present research is to develop a cognitive activity‐based design methodology for novice visual communication designers, which will be achieved by mapping the findings from a comparative analysis of novice and expert visual communication designers' thinking processes onto the prospective methodology. Under the proposed methodology, activity modes take place in a chronological flow under specific guidelines involving various forms of design cognition. The guidelines correlate to design phases from problem structuring to detailed design and to the cognitive processes of divergent and convergent thinking. The methodology gives open‐ended instruction to novices endeavouring to proceed with the design process, solve complex design problems and make better design decisions. This research has value for its unique approach to methodology development. Furthermore, the proposed methodology provides guidance for more effective cognitive activities during the design process and holds potential for implementation in design education due to its focus on the needs of novice designers.     

继续教育语境下现代远程教育专业及课程建设

近期,我们就继续教育语境下现代远程教育专业及课程建设话题,采访了北京师范大学远程教育研究中心主任、首都学习型社会研究院执行院长陈丽教授。陈教授认为:继续教育领域是远程教育机构的主战场。面向成人继续教育的现代远程教育系统应该显著区别于传统远程教育系统;专业和课程中应采用创新的方法,满足学生的特殊需要;现代远程教育应努力给学生带来全新的学习体验,这应该是现代远程教育专业及课程建设的基本思路。教学设计是远程教育课程建设最关键的环节,教学设计的重点在学习者分析、课程资源分析、学习目标设计、学习内容设计、学习活动设计、媒体组合方案设计、学习评价方案设计、学习支持服务设计等八个方面,其中,学习活动是支持远程教育自主学习的支架,尤为重要。经陈教授同意,现将访谈内容整理如下。     

网络远程教育学习资源生态设计

文章应用生态学的原理和方法,分析了学习资源设计的生态学实质,给出了学习资源生态设计的概念;通过分析学习资源生态设计的影响因素,提出了学习资源生态设计的原则;基于生态评价的特点,提出了学习资源生态设计的评价要素。     

适老化产品设计属性及策略

为积极应对人口老龄化国家战略,提升当前适老化产品的设计与研发水平,进一步满足老年用户日益迫切的适老化产品需求,从老年用户的心理与生理特征视角切入研究,根据ERG理论“生存需求、关系需求和成长需求”,对老年人生理和心理需求进行解构,推导出适老化产品设计过程中“功能简化、感知强化、安全稳定、外观融合”四个设计属性,并结合“通用设计、无障碍设计、无意识设计和情感化设计”适老化设计方法对不同类型的适老化产品提出相应的设计策略,为后续相关适老化设计研究提供理论及策略参考。     

Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy

There is a design methodology calledrapid prototyping which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given the similarities between software design and instructional design, we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable model for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction. Additionally, we argue that recent theories of design offer plausible explanations for the apparent success of rapid prototyping in software design. Such theories also support the notion that rapid prototyping is appropriate for instructional design. We offer guidelines for the use of rapid prototyping and list possible tradeoffs in its application.     

过程设备设计实践性教学的一些思考

过程设备设计是过程装备与控制工程专业最核心的专业课之一,实践性教学环节为设备课程设计。在课程设计中,出现学生对专业基础知识掌握不牢固,缺乏工程设计意识的现象。分析这一现象产生的原因,并给出相应的改进措施。     

汉字设计与历史文化的传承关系

汉字这种汉民族历史文化的栽体，是现代字体设计的一个取之不尽的源泉。随着时代的发展，汉字不只是交流信息的语言符号，更被作为有着巨大生命力和感采力的设计元素，广泛地运用于标志设计、版面设计、海报设计等领域。铸就出现代视觉传达设计的一道亮丽的风景线。如何利用汉字的构造特点，巧妙蛄合现代设计理念，创造出既具民族特色，又简洁生动的汉字设计文化，是我们正面临的严峻课题。     

Utilization of design principles for hybrid learning configurations by interprofessional design teams

Educational design research yields design knowledge, often in the form of design principles or guidelines that provide the rationale or ‘know-why’ for the design of educational interventions. As such, design principles can be utilized by designers in contexts other than the research context in which they were generated. Although research has shown that quality support is important for design success, less is known about processes that promote utilization of design principles as the rationale for instructional design. In this study we therefore explored an intervention for promoting the utilization of a set of research-based design principles in educational practice. This intervention aimed to promote utilization through enhancing perceived usefulness of the design principles by design teams in various contexts. The set of design principles that was utilized by the design teams in this study underpins the design of so-called hybrid learning configurations that are situated at the interface between school and workplace. The intervention was developed from the perspective of boundary crossing theory and was conducted with four different design teams. It was evaluated by way of a questionnaire and a dialogue with members of the design teams. This boundary crossing intervention appeared to bring about the desired outcomes. Most of the design team members considered the set of design principles useful in several different ways and they expected that utilization of the principles would lead to an improved learning configuration.