从学习动机教育入手 调动在职学员学习的积极性

<正> 学习的积极性,是学员有效地进行学习的良好心理状态。它可以凝聚学员内在的精神力量,激励他们情绪昂奋、思维敏捷地去完成学习任务。可见,学习积极性可以对提高学习效果起到重要推动作用。因此,任课教师要提高教学工作成效,也就很需要在如何调动学员学习积极性问题上开动脑筋。影响学员学习积极性的因素很多,如学科性质、难易程度、教学水平、学习环境等。但就学员本身的心理因素分析,最根本的一点是学员的学习动机是否明确。因为人的任     

企业职工教育中学员学习积极性的初始驱动

在企业职工教育中,学员学习积极性的初始驱动,不仅源于学员对企业办学目的的认同,而且还源于学员个体需要所诱发的学习动机。对于学员来讲,前者属于外在需要,后者属于内在需要。这两个方面的紧密结合,将会在学员投入学习时,形成巨大的推动力。不过,做到这两个方面紧密结合,确是复杂的、有条件和有难度的。一、学员对办学目的的认同是驱动其学习积极性的前提企业职工教育无可非议地是为了本企业的当前利     

谈成人学历教育中的学习动机与教学设计

学员学习动力不足是造成成人学历教育教学效果不佳的原因之一。应以成人学历教育学员的学习动机为主题,从教学设计的原则与技巧两方面着手,调动学员的积极性,解决教学中存在的问题。     

体育函授学员学习动机的调查与对策

学习动机是函授学员学习的动力,对提高学习效率和质量至关重要.体育函授学员的学习动机,是在学习需要刺激下,直接推动其克服来自工作、家庭、社会等方面的困难而进行的学习活动的内部动力.为提高教学质量,我们对体育函授学员的学习动机进行了调查.     

继续教育中学习动机的激发和培养

在继续教育工作实践中,使我们逐步认识到,搞好继续教育,必须把充分调动学习积极性作为一项重要工作来抓。本文谈谈在对中小学骨干教师的继续教育中,如何激发、培养学员学习动机的粗浅之见。一、提高思想认识,培养学习动机继继续教育工作在我国尚属初创阶段,人们对此还缺乏充分的认识。有些教师认为,自己学历已达标,专业知识够了,教学业务水平过     

论学员创新性学习能力的培养途径

创新性学习,也称为自主创新性学习,它的功能在于通过学习提高人们发现、吸收新信息和提出新问题的能力,它是一种创造性劳动。 帮助学员提高对科学方法的认识 1.帮助学员树立高层次的学习价值观。教师要帮助学员端正学习动机,摆     

培养和激发学员学习积极性的有益尝试

成人教育一个很重要的问题就是要努力激发学员的学习动机,调动他们的学习积极性和主动性,发挥他们的主体作用.     

论成人学员学习动机与第二语言学习

成人的第二语言学习受到多种因素的影响,其中学习动机因素在成人第二语言学习中占很重要的位置。本文基于许多专家学者二语习得的研究的基础上,进一步探究了广播电视大学成人学员学习动机对第二语言学习的影响,也对如何激发成人学员的学习动机,提高学习有效性提出了几点想法,希望通过本文给成人学员学习外语带来帮助。     

浅谈激发和培养体育函授学员的学习兴趣

任何成人教育教学过程都包含着两个既相关又相区别的过程：一是认识过程，二是调控认识过程的情意过程。现代教学论特别强调教学方法的作用不仅在传授知识，还在于激发学员的求知欲，引起学员的学习兴趣。学员的学习兴趣是指学员对学习的一种积极的认识倾向和情绪状态，他在成人教育教学中有举足轻重的作用。它能有效地诱发学员的学习动机，强化学员的学习动力，调动学员的学习积极性。一般说，学员学习兴趣是学员学习活动获得成功的先导和曙光。教师教学工作如果注重学员学习兴趣的激发和培养，就可以把对学员知识传授的有效性和智能、身心…     

职工计算机培训课堂教学应把握的特点

职工培训面授时间短，主要靠自学，提高培训质量的关键在于引发学员兴趣，调动其学习的主动性、积极性。如讲计算机基础知识时，可系统地讲解计算机的过去、现在、将来及广泛的应用，使学员认识到计算机和人们工作、生活、学习的密切关系，对计算机的学习产生浓厚兴趣和强烈的学习动机；讲计算机组成时，可打开主机箱，边讲边演示；在讲微机操作规程时，可讲一下计算机与其他电器的共同点，     

大学生英语学习感知倾向调查研究

学习感知倾向是学习者个体差异因素之一,而学习的感知模式是学习风格的分类之一。由于个体通过不同的方式对信息进行感知和处理,所以,在安排教学方法时,学习风格是需要考虑的一个重要因素。而学生对自己在什么情况下能达到最好学习效果的分析不准确也可能导致事倍功半。因此,本文中作者主要对大学生在英语学习过程中所表现出来的感知倾向结果进行讨论,分析其特点,同时提出促进英语学习的建议。     

The Development of a Comprehensive and Coherent Theory of Learning

This article is an account of how the author developed a comprehensive understanding of human learning over a period of almost 50 years. The learning theory includes the structure of learning, different types of learning, barriers of learning as well as how individual dispositions, age, the learning environment and general social and societal conditions influence learning possibilities. All this started when the author, aged 27, broke off his career as a travel agent and joined a course for matriculation at the university. He found this course extremely ineffective and got the idea that a firm knowledge about how human learning takes place might be a starting point for the development of more engaging and effective learning, teaching, schooling and education. Over the years, he gathered inspiration from a broad range of learning theorists such as Piaget, Rogers, Ausuble, Leithäuser, Schön, Kolb, Furth, Mezirow, Kegan and his own Danish instructor, Thomas Nissen. But the theory was built up as his own structure by critically adding new elements from the examination of other theories and carefully analysing experience from teaching, supervising and observing learning courses at all levels from primary school to adult education and university studies.     

适应新的发展取向的学习类型多样化探讨

我国现行的学习概念主要是指“书本知识学习”,这种单一的学习类型观造成学生身心发展极端片面。为适应新课程改革倡导的新的发展取向的要求,我们应建立学习类型多样化的观念。区别于心理学主要从学习的结果和机制划分学习的类型,我们可以根据人的生活所面对的活动对象或领域的不同,将学习划分为符号学习、交往学习、操作学习、观察学习、反思学习等类型。不同类型的学习对于学生身心发展具有不同的价值,同时也存在各自的局限性。为了促进学生身心素质的全面发展,应该实现学习类型的多样化,以达到不同类型学习发展功能的互补和配合。     

A Study of Status and Improvement of College Freshmen in Certain Skills of English Composition

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the differential emotional reactions of students to positive, neutral, and negative affect in nonverbal teacher behavior. Responses were studied across two grade levels and across race. A stratified random sample of 120 students was selected and randomly assigned to experimental conditions. Emotional reactions were measured by a semantic differential. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests showed that black second graders evaluated the neutral teacher most positively, while white second graders and sixth graders of both races tended to evaluate the positive teacher most positively.     

How an orientation to learning influences the expansive–restrictive nature of teacher learning and change

This study examined teachers’ learning situated in a school to reveal factors that support and hinder learning in the workplace. The investigation analyzed teachers’ orientation to learning, examining beliefs, practices, and experiences about teachers’ learning in relation to change in the workplace. A hypothesis is that teacher learning and change is complex and unable to be fully understood outside of practice. Evidence is provided on the factors and forms of learning activities that appear to strengthen an expansive learning environment and those which contribute to a more restrictive learning environment. A distinctive finding was that teachers’ orientation to learning is related to self-reported change. Another promising finding with the potential of better understanding the interrelated combination of how teachers’ beliefs, practices, and workplace factors influence change was related to dissonance for learning. The implications for practice involved determining how to continue to support and strengthen an expansive workplace learning environment.     

学生眼里的在线教学:行为、效果与挑战——基于新冠疫情期间清华大学学生在线学习行为调查

本研究从"行为-效果"两个维度设计了调查问卷,并从清华大学2020年春季学期参加在线学习的本科生和研究生中随机抽样,调查学生在线学习的行为特征、学习效果和主要挑战。研究发现,疫情期间的在线教学总体上取得预期成效,学生的学习行为表现出较强的适应性和可控性,但不同群体的学生存在差异。在线学习也面临一些挑战:生生互动减少、居家学习效率低、学习专注力不够、动作技能训练欠缺等问题需要引起关注。建议未来的在线教学,在外部条件保障不减的前提下,注重激发学生学习的内在动力、提升学生的自主学习能力,并通过完善支架教学、鼓励朋辈学习等方式促进学生学习参与。     

学习究竟是什么？——多学科视野中的学习研究论纲

学习是当代多学科共同探索的前沿和热门话题,而且成为关心人类命运的企业家和政治家们所必须面对的重大课题,由此推动着全球范围内创建学习型组织和学习化社会的时代潮流一本文从中国文化传统和西方心理学对学习概念的两种解读入手,剖析了目前学习理论的成就与局限性,然后将学习研究的视野从微观扩展到宏观,从个体扩展到团队与社会,分别从教育哲学、管理科学、教育技术学、历史哲学和哲学人类学的广阔视野,对人类学习活动进行了理论探索,提出并论证了与生产方式同一层次的“学习方式”范畴,提出“学习是人类自身再生产的社会实践活动”,“学习的本质是人类个体和人类整体的自我意识与自我超越”,认为“发展自身的人类学习能力同改造外部世界的人类生产能力(生产力)共同构成人类生存发展的基础、动力和源泉”,并倡导创建一套能够从历史哲学的广阔视野来透视、解读和预测人类复杂学习活动及其矛盾运动的理论,从总体上认识和把握人类学习活动的特点和发展规律,使我国当前所倡导的“科学发展观”具有更坚实的理论基础。     

Imagining, seeking, inventing: the future of learning and the emerging discovery networks

Extrapolating from current developments in the study of learning and imagining how learning might be shaped moving forward, this article considers 12 trends concerning the future of learning. Learning will become more diverse, more contextual, less discipline-bound, and less institutionally-bound. It will span professional and institutional sectors, and move beyond national borders. It will move increasingly online and extend beyond humans to encompass machines and machine/human blends. It will become more interactive, more distributed, and more biologically connected. Drawing on an understanding of these trends, new roles for teachers and for educational institutions are developed. The result is that learning is likely to occur through multiple discovery networks that blend research and teaching to address real world problems in environments supported by robust software infrastructures. Multiple nested discovery networks will operate on a global scale and be negotiated by individual learners sometimes guided by teachers. Prediction is very difficult, especially about the future—Niels Bohr The future is already here - it’s just unevenly distributed—William Gibson The best way to predict the future is to invent it—Alan Kay     

How does STEM context-based learning work: what we know and what we still do not know

ABSTRACT

Context-based learning (CBL) has influenced teaching and learning science in many countries over the past decades. Twelve years ago, a special issue on CBL was published in this Journal, focusing on CBL curriculum development. Seven papers in this current special issue on CBL now address the question of how a context influences the learning process. The papers focus on the stimulation of learning STEM subjects within contexts, how the learning process occurs and is enhanced, and the application of contexts in different settings. The approaches, results, and implications of the papers are located in a larger view that considers the question of what must be the case if a student not only engages in the tasks of learning but also succeeds at them. Concerning willingness and effort by learners, the papers draw conclusions about which STEM-related interests of students endure and are ephemeral across a decade, design criteria for maximising students’ situational interest, and students’ engagement with content and context simultaneously. Focusing on the opportunity to teach and learn, the papers reveal how a professional development approach functions to support STEM teachers to develop CBL materials, and how specific scaffolding acts in teaching bring students to more complex reasoning. Regarding good teaching, insights are offered on how metacognitive prompts improve teaching. Centring on the social surround that supports teaching and learning, a comparison of two contexts for teaching the same content reveals which aspects of the contexts move student learning forward. From this mapping, paths toward future research are projected.     

成人英语教学的特点与对策

成人英语教学是我国成人高等教育的一环,有着自身的特点和规律.通过对成人学习动机、学习策略以及学习环境的分析,提出了要充分发挥成人学习的优势调动成人学习的积极性,以期取得最佳学习效果.