关于YJ-内射模与强正则环的刻画

令N(R)={x|x2=0,x∈R},记“环R满足(*)”如果对于任意的a∈N(R),元a的左零化子是环R的双边理想.本文目的是研究满足(*)的环的von Neumann正则性,证明了:若环R满足(*),则下列条件是等价的:(1)R是强正则的,(2)R的每一个极大的本质的右理想是YJ-内射的右R-模,(3)R为右GP-V-环,且每一个极大的本质的右理想为广义弱理想.(4)R为左GP-V-环,且每一个极大的本质的右理想为广义弱理想.     

关于强正则环的一些研究

利用ZC-环和自-内射环的性质来刻画强正则环.证明了下列结果:1设R是ZC-环,下列条件等价:(1)R是强正则环;(2)R的每一个极大本质左理想是GP-内射的;(3)R中存在一个忠实左R-模K,使得当k∈K且l(k)本质时,l(k)是GP-内射的.2设R是ELT-环,且对于R的每一个本质左理想M,[R/M]R是平坦模,R的每一个补左理想是GW-理想,如果R是左MI-环,那么R是左自-内射强正则环.     

关于强正则环的几个等价刻划

设R是一个环 ,如果对于任意的x ,y∈R ,有xy -yx∈C(R) ,那么下列条件等价 :( 1 )R是强正则环 ;( 2 )R是VonNeumann正则环 ;( 3)R是广义正则环 .设R是半可换环 ,则以下条件等价 :( 1 )R是强正则环 ;( 2 )R的每一个极大的本质的左理想是左GP -内射模 ;( 3)R的每一个极大的本质的右理想是右GP -内射模 .     

弱M-Armendariz环(英文)

对于幺半群M,引入了弱M-Armendariz环的概念,此概念是M-Armendariz环和弱Armendariz环的共同推广.研究了这类环的性质,并且证明了:R是弱M-Armendariz环当且仅当对任意的n,R的n阶上三角矩阵环Tn(R)是弱M-Armendariz环:如果I是环R的半交换理想,使得R/I是弱M-Armendariz环,则R是弱M-Armendariz环,其中M是严格全序幺半群;如果R是半交换的M-Armendariz环,则尺是弱MxN-Armendariz环,其中N是严格全序幺半群;有限生成Abelian群G是torsion-free的当且仅当存在一个环尺,使得R是弱G-Armendariz环.     

BAND—分次环的性质

讨论BAND—分次环的性质,证明了:设R=(?)R_a是一个BAND—分次环,其中Ω为一个交换BAND,则R是Z—正则的(诣零的,拟正则的)当且仅当每—R_a是Z—正则的(诣零的,拟正则的).     

M-分次环的弱分次根扩张

证明了如果M分次环S=x∈MSx是其分次子环R=x∈mRx的弱分次根扩张,则有JG(R)=JG(S)∩R.     

左EP-内射环

本文主要研究了EP-内射环的半本原性,正则性以及对EP-内射环作了进一步推广,主要得出如下结果:(1)如果R是PP-内射的左EP-内射环,则J(R)=0;(2)如果R是左EP-内射环且是左Bear环,则R是右非奇异的.     

弱右Duo GVNL-环

所讨论的环均是有单位元的结合环.本文称环R为GVNL-环,如果对任意的a∈R,a或1-a是π-正则的.证明了如果R是弱duo GVNL-环而S为R的非空子集,那么当S在R中生成的右理想(S)r=R时在S中必有一个元素是π-正则的.     

广义幂级数上的GPP-环

设R是交换环,(S,≤)是严格全序幺半群.本文证明了:(1)广义幂级数环[[RS,≤]]是强GPP-环当且仅当R是强GPP-环,且B(R)(R的所有幂等元的集合)的任意S-加标子集C在B(R)中有最小下界.(2)如果(S,≤)满足条件:任意S∈S,s≥0,则环[[RS,≤]]是弱GPP-环当且仅当R是弱GPP-环.     

σ-半素拟环Lie理想上的导子的研究

设R是中心为Z(R)的2-扭自由σ-半素拟环,U￠Z(R)是R上的非零σ-Lie理想.若d是R上的导子(d与σ是可交换的),且d(U)=0,则d=0.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.