用改进的序批式生物膜反应器技术处理废水

This paper describes the removel of COD and nitrogen from wastewater with modified sequencing batch biofilm reactor,The strategy of simultaneous feeding and draining was explored.The results show that introduction of a new batch of wastewater and withdrawal of the purifeid water can be conducted simultaneously with the maximum volumetric exchange rate of about 70%,Application of this feeding and draining mode leads to the reduction of the cycle time,the increase of the utilization of the reactor volume and the simplification of the reactor structure.The treatment of a synthetic wastewater containing COD and nitrogen was investigated.The operation mode of F(D)-O(i.e.,simultaneous feeding and draining followed by the aerobic condition)was adopted.It was found that COD was degraded very fast in the initial reaction period of time,then reduced slowly and the ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen concentrations decreased and increased with time respectively,while the nitrite nitrogen level increased first and then reduced.The relationship between the COD or ammonia nitrogen loading and its removal rate was examined,and the removal of COD,ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen could exceed 95%,90%and 80% respectively,The fact that nitrogen could e removed more completely under constant aeration(aerobic condition)of the SBBR operation mode is very interesting and could be explained in several respects.     

Characterization of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor

The characteristics of the start-up period of single-step autotrophic nitrogen removal process were investigated. The autotrophic nitrogen removal process used a sequencing batch reactor to treat wastewater of medium to low ammonia-nitrogen concentration, with dissolved oxygen （DO）, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature controlled. The experimental conditions were temperature at （30±2） ℃, ammonia concentration of （60 to 120） mg/L, DO of （0.8 to 1.0） mg/L, pH from 7.8 to 8.5 and HRT of 24 h. The rates of nitrification and nitrogen removal turn out to be 77% and 40%, respectively, after a start up period going through three stages divided according to nitrite accumulation： sludge domestication, nitrifying bacteria selection and sludge adaptation, It is demonstrated that dissolved oxygen is critical to nitrite accumulation and elastic YJZH soft compound packing is superior to polyhedral hollow balls in helping the bacteria adhere to the membrane.     

Combined process of sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process and constructed wetland for domestic wastewater treatment

By combining sequencing batch reactor （SBR） activated sludge process and constructed wetland （CW）, this study is to achieve the domestic wastewater treatment. Our purpose was to determine the optimum operating parameters of the combined process. The process involved advantages and shortages of SBR and CW. Under normal temperature, the 3rd cycle （SBR’s operation cycle is 8 h： inflow for 1 h, limited aeration for 3 h, sediment for 1 h, outflow for 1 h, and idling for 2 h; CW’s hydraulic retention time （HRT） is 24.8 h and hydraulic loading is 24.5 m^3/m^2 d） was the best cyclic mode. The effluents can meet the standard GB/T18921-2002： “The reuse of urban recycling water： water quality standard for scenic environment use”. In the 3rd cycle, the efficiency of CW was the maximum, and energy consumption of SBR was the minimum. Under the condition of low dissolved oxygen, the removing efficiency of chemical oxygen demand （COD） and ammonia was not affected obviously. Simultaneously, nitrification and denitrification phenomena occured and phosphorus was absorbed obviously.     

Combined treatment of landfill leachate with fecal supernatant in sequencing batch reactor

A laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor （SBR） is used to treat landfill leachate containing high concentration of ammonium nitrogen with municipal fecal supernatant. The SBR system is operated in the following sequential phases： fill period, anoxic period, aeration period, settling period, decant and idle period. The results indicated that the average removal efficiencies of COD, BOD5, TN, NH4^＋-N were 93.76%, 98.28%, 84.74% and 99.21%, respectively. The average sludge removal loading rates of COD, BOD5, TN and NH4^＋-N were 0.24 kg/（kg SS.d）, 0.08 kg/（kg SS.d）, 0.04 kg/（kg SS.d） and 0.036 kg/（kg SS.d）, respectively. Highly effective simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was achieved in the SBR system. The ratio of nitrification and denitrification was 99% and 84%, respectively. There was partial NO2^- denitrification in the system.     

利用Fenton试剂去除焦化废水中的氰化物

研究了在pH=3时,在Fenton试剂存在下,水中氰化物与Fe2＋、H2O2反应,通过分离生成的亚铁氰化铁沉淀,高效去除了氰化物。除氰过程中,Fenton起到了协同和强化作用,用于焦化废水的深度处理,总氰化物的去除率达到98%以上,浓度低于0.1mg/L,并有效地降低了水的浊度等指标。     

Catalytic ozonation-biological coupled processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing refractory chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds

A treatability study of industrial wastewater containing chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds (CNACs) by a catalytic ozonation process (COP) with a modified Mn/Co ceramic catalyst and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated.A preliminary attempt to treat the diluted wastewater with a single SBR resulted in ineffective removal of the color,ammonia,total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).Next,COP was applied as a pretreatment in order to obtain a bio-compatible wastewater for SBR treatment in a second step.The effectiveness of the COP pretreatment was assessed by evaluating wastewater biodegradability enhancement (the ratio of biology oxygen demand after 5 d (BOD5) to COD),as well as monitoring the evolution of TOC,carbon oxidation state (COS),average oxidation state (AOS),color,and major pollutant concentrations with reaction time.In the COP,the catalyst preserved its catalytic properties even after 70 reuse cycles,exhibiting good durability and stability.The performance of SBR to treat COP effluent was also examined.At an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg COD/(m3·d),with hydraulic retention time (HRT)=10 h and temperature (30±2) °C,the average removal efficiencies of NH3-N,COD,BOD5,TOC,and color in a coupled COP/SBR process were about 80%,95.8%,93.8%,97.6% and 99.3%,respectively,with average effluent concentrations of 10 mg/L,128 mg/L,27.5 mg/L,25.0 mg/L,and 20 multiples,respectively,which were all consistent with the national standards for secondary discharge of industrial wastewater into a public sewerage system (GB 8978-1996).The results indicated that the coupling of COP with a biological process was proved to be a technically and economically effective method for treating industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant CNACs.     

新型生物流化床处理印染废水的序批式组合工艺研究

1Introduction Dyeingwastewaterisakindofindustrialwastewater whichisdifficulttotreat.Itcontainsnotonlyhigh concentrationsofbiggermolecules,e.g.,nitryland aminocompounds,butalsoalargeamountofheavy metals,whicharetoxiccompositionformostof micro organisms.The…     

In-situ production of ozone and ultraviolet light using a barrier discharge reactor for wastewater treatment

A dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） reactor consisting of water-filled dielectric tube electrodes was used for the treatment ofwastewater. The inner dielectric tube, which acted as the discharging electrode, was filled with an aqueous electrolyte solution. The outer dielectric tube, which served as the other electrode, was in contact with the wastewater, which was grounded. The present reactor system was energy-efficient for the production of ozone, not only because the perfect contact between the aqueous electrode and the dielectric surface minimized the loss of the electrical energy, but also because the DBD reactor was cooled by the wastewater. In addition, the ultraviolet （UV） light produced in the DBD reactor was able to assist in the wastewater treatment since the quartz tube used as the dielectric material was UV-transparent. The performance of the present DBD system was evaluated using a synthetic wastewater formed from distilled water and an azo dye, amaranth. The experimental parameters were the concentration of the electrolyte in the aqueous electrode, the discharge power, the initial pH of the wastewater and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide added to the wastewater. The wastewater treatment system was found to be effective for achieving decomposition of the dye.     

Novel photocatalytic reactor for degradation of DDT in water and its optimization model

A novel photocatalytic reactor was developed to remove （1,1-bis（4-chlorophenyl）-2,2,2-trichloroethane） （DDT） from water. In the reactor, a cenosphere was used to support TiO2 film made by means of sol-gel. Because the cenospheres were coated with TiO2, their specific gravity was slightly increased from the original 0.6-0.8 to 0.8-0.9, so that they were able to be suspended in water. With the mixed operation of a bubbler, the water in the reactor was in a well-fluidized state. The bottom of the reactor is a sand filter bed, which can be used to prevent the photocatalyst from being lost. A mathematical model of the reactor has been developed in the two primary influential factors： ultraviolet （UV） light intensity and photocatalyst concentration. With such a model, the reactor can be designed more reasonably.     

污水处理电气控制系统的研制

采用三级计算机系统对污水处理过程进行智能控制、监测和管理。其中以中位机可编程序控制器(PLC)为系统核心,负责控制所有电动机、电磁阀等开关量,并通过A/D转换器及传感器组成的测控系统,接受下位机控制仪表的所有数据,再将处理过的数据经数据通信上传至上位PC机。上位PC机采用VB编制的组态软件,实时显示污水处理的工艺流程及各种模拟量的变化值。下位机采用智能仪表,对变频调速器、开度阀等进行过程控制。