中国大学生职业成熟度量表的信度与效度

本研究调查了375名北京大学的本科生，尝试修订韩国版的学生职业成熟度量表（Career Maturity Inventory），探讨它针对中国大学生群体的适应性。结果表明：（1）修订后的中国版大学生职业成熟度量表具有一定的文化特点，它由34个项目构成，这些项目组成六个不同的因素——职业目标、职业自信、职业价值、职业自主、亲友依赖、职业参照；（2）该量表的一致性系数、分半信度、重测信度比较高，具有良好的信度；（3）该量表具有较好的效度，如职业成熟度得分与大学生的自尊、幸福感、内控分呈显著的正相关；职业成熟度与专业满意度、未来打算的确定性、职业选择的信心等呈显著的正相关；职业成熟度越高的大学生上网时间越少，而且即使上网也主要用于辅助学业或便利生活。     

中文版拖延元认知问卷的信效度检验

为了修订拖延元认知问卷（MBPQ）,对其进行结构分析并进行信效度检验,共选取某大学各年级学生870名,进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析和校标关联效度分析。结果显示：修订后的MBPQ共12个项目,具有对拖延的“积极元认知信念”和“消极元认知信念”两个维度,每个维度各有6个项目,共可解释46.19%的总变异;验证性因素分析验证了二维度结构模型。总量表的内部一致性信度为0.669,积极元认知信念和消极元认知信念两个维度的内部一致性信度分别是0.723和0.790。效标关联效度分析发现,积极拖延元认知与消极拖延元认知与拖延行为和时间管理倾向有显著相关。结果表明,修订后的拖延元认知问卷在大学生群体中具有较高的信度和效度,可作为测量大学生拖延元认知态度的有效工具。     

中文版嘲笑问卷在中学生群体中的信效度初评

目的检验中文版嘲笑问卷（Teasing Questionnaire-Revised,TQ-R）的效度和信度．方法对英文版TQ-R问卷进行系统的翻译和评价,并用中文版TQ-R对786名中学生进行测量,对测定结果进行效度和信度分析．结果通过对中文TQ-R问卷因子分析得到5个公因子,28个条目负荷值大于0．4,总方差解释率为47．74％,证实了量表的结构效度．总量表a系数为0．90,5个分量表的a系数在0．65以上;总量表与5个分量表呈显著正相关．结论中文TQ-R问卷可以用于评定我国中学生的嘲笑．     

中文版大学生被看重量感量表的信效度检验

目的：引进及修订大学生被看重感量表,并检验其信效度。方法：使用UniversityMatteringScale（uMS）的中文译本,对612名大学生进行测试,通过验证性因素分析检验该量表的构念效度,使用学业自我效能感量表、社交适当担忧量表、中文版学校归属感量表检验其效标效度。结果：中文版大学生被看重感量表是一个3因素结构,各维度的内部一致性分别为觉察0．73、重要0．83、依赖0．70;大学生被看重感与学业自我效能感、学校归属感呈正相关,与社交适当担忧呈负相关（p〈0．01）。结论：中文版大学生被看重感量表具有较好的信效度。     

职业决策困难研究述评

基于对2014-2020年职业决策困难相关文献的年发文量、学科分布、研究对象、研究类型四类指标的计量分析,围绕职业决策困难的概念、结构、测量工具、影响因素和应对策略五个方面对近年来职业决策困难研究进行了系统梳理.职业决策困难含职业决策前的缺乏准备,职业决策过程中的缺乏信息及职业决策后期信息不一致三类核心维度,并作为一种状态弥散于职业决策全过程.主要基于CDP、CDMSE、CDDQ及其修订版问卷对职业决策困难进行测量,性别、年龄、年级三类个体因素及个人所在家庭、地域两类环境因素都将造成职业决策困难的差异.依据匹配理论、职业发展理论、社会认知理论可较完备地解释影响职业决策过程的因素.目前针对职业决策困难的应对策略主要从微观—中观—宏观的角度,或具体影响因素干预这两种视角进行探讨.针对职业决策困难的研究,我国还需扩大研究对象、丰富研究类型、设计精准干预方案和重视研究本土效度.     

密苏里同伴关系问卷在中国未成年犯中的信效度检验

采用分层随机抽样原则对257名男性未成年犯进行问卷调查,结果表明：修订后的问卷只包括因素一情感维系度和因素二攻击性,总的信度为0.7351。验证性因素分析的结果为χ2/df=4.42,NFI=0.81,CFI=0.86,RSMEA=0.00。中文版的《密苏里同伴关系问卷》有良好的信度和效度,可用于未成年人犯罪同伴关系的研究。     

中文版数学焦虑量表的信度和效度研究

Betz编制的数学焦虑量表(MAS)在国际上得到了广泛使用,中文版MAS具有较高内部一致性信度、分半信度和重测信度;探索性因素分析的有关结果证明MAS包含两个主要的因素,验证性因素分析表明双因素结构的模型数据具有较优的拟合指数;MAS和MSES的相关课程分量表存在较高相关,表明量表具有较好的预测效度;就MAS的预测效度而言,证据仍显单薄.     

学生生涯建构问卷在高职医学生群体中的信效度检验及初步应用

采用中文版学生生涯建构问卷(SCCI)对福建省3所高职医学院校1 271名学生初测,进行项目分析和探索性因素分析;对2 959名学生再测,进行验证性因素分析发现:中文版SCCI的信度、效度良好,可用于评估高职医学生群体的生涯建构情况;高职医学生生涯建构的总体情况较好,但在不同专业、年级上存在差异。未来高职医学生的生涯教育需注重"阶段性"与"全程性"并存,协调个体内在自我发展与外在的职业环境变化。     

Construct Validity and Reliability of the Finnish Version of the Demand-Control Questionnaire in Two Samples of 1028 Teachers and 630 Nurses

The job demand-control (JDC) model has dominated research into occupational stress for the last 20 years. Two concepts lie at the core of the demand-control model: job demands and job control. Control is also referred to as decision latitude and the concept has two facets: decision authority and skill discretion. The purpose of the current study was to conduct an empirically correct specification of the key concepts of the JDC model. The Scandinavian version of an instrument assessing the key concepts of the model was used and the objective of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Finnish version of the job content questionnaire (JCQ) among teachers and nurses. Altogether 1028 teachers and 630 nurses participated. Exploratory factor and confirmatory analyses were employed to assess the factorial structure of the Finnish version of the JCQ and to evaluate which factorial model fitted the data best. Analyses indicated a factor solution with two factors: job demands and decision authority. The confirmatory factor analyses supported the results from the exploratory factor analyses. The model which fitted the data best was the model with two oblique factors with the items measuring skill discretion removed. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses it seems reasonable to measure job demands and control in this sample with two factors: demand and decision authority.     

教师自身素养的重要性及其提升路径探析

以推进素质教育为目的的新课改实施后,对教师自身素养的要求越来越高,教师自身素养水平的高低直接影响到教学质量和学校未来的发展,更关系到素质教育的推进,教师要真正做到为人师表,教书育人,就要不断提高自身素养。在以学生为主体的教育教学中,教师自身素养能否得到提高直接关系到素质教育的健康开展,如何提高教师自身素养已经成为教育界乃至全社会关注的热点问题。     

Reliability and Validity of a Hebrew Version of the Kogan's Attitudes Toward Old People Scale

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Hebrew version of Kogan's (1961 Kogan , N. ( 1961 ). Attitudes Toward Old People: The development of a scale and an examination of correlates . Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology , 62 ( 1 ), 44 – 54 . doi: 10.1037/h0048053 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) Attitudes Toward Old People scale. A self-administered questionnaire in Hebrew was given to a convenience sample of 300 people under the age of 65 who resided in three neighborhoods in Tel Aviv. The Hebrew version of the Attitudes toward Old People scale demonstrated good psychometric properties. Internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha was high (α = .89). Factor analysis showed five loading factors. The Israeli version of the scale was found to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the general population's attitudes toward older people. It can be a useful instrument for studies in Israel as well as for cross-national and comparative studies to assess the degree of ageism towards older people.     

Validity and Reliability of Turkish Version of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness

The purpose of current study was to explore psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness (BIPM). Studies regarding psychological mindedness (PM) are still limited in Turkey; and there are few valid instruments to measure PM. The Turkish version of the BIPM and the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was administered to 654 voluntary undergraduate students. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the model including two subscales (interest and ability dimensions of PM) with a total of 14 items (x²/df?=?3.11, p?<?.001, RMSEA?=?0.060, S-RMR?=?0.059, GFI?=?0.95, AGFI?=?.0.93, CFI?=?0.94). McDonald’s Omega (ω) for scores on the overall scale was .85, .73 for scores on the Interest Subscale and .76 for scores on the Insight Subscale. Test–retest reliability coefficients were found as .61 for the scores on the BIPM total score, .55 for scores on the Interest subscale and .56 for scores on the Insight subscale (p?<?.01). As expected, the BIPM total scale score were negatively correlated with TAS total score (r?=?-.59).

     

Use of the Teacher Version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire with German and American Preschoolers

Research Findings: The present study evaluated the utility of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) as a teacher-report measure of internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool-age children. Participants included preschoolers drawn from Germany and the United States, with the American sample composed of both English-speaking and Spanish-speaking children. In some respects the SDQ demonstrated adequate reliability and validity across these 3 culturally and linguistically divergent samples, but some problems were noted with the internal consistency of the subscales and the clinical cutoff scores. Practice or Policy: The findings generally support the potential usefulness of the SDQ as a psychopathology screening instrument within culturally and linguistically diverse preschool settings. However, normative studies need to be conducted with preschool samples so that the SDQ cutoff scores used to identify clinically significant emotional and behavioral problems can be appropriately adjusted for age, gender, and culture.     

Factor Structure and Reliability of the Parent-Informant Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in a Scottish Preschool Sample

Research Findings: Despite it being a widely accepted measure of social, emotional, and behavioral problems among children and young people, the factor structure underlying the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is contested. Recent research has suggested a need to consider methodological bias in the SDQ, associated with the positive wording of some of the items, as a separate latent construct. Using data from the 2006–2007 Growing Up in Scotland study, we performed confirmatory factor analyses with 1,789 parents’ SDQ reports of their 4-year-old children, estimating and comparing 3 competing factor models: a 5-factor model, 3-factor model, and a 6-factor model incorporating a method factor. Results indicated that the 6-factor solution was the best fitting model. Several items from the original Pro-Social Behaviour and Peer Relationship Problems subscales loaded higher on the method factor than the original, suggesting bias influences across the SDQ domains. Reliability analysis demonstrated poor internal consistency for the individual difficulties subscales but good internal consistency for a Total Difficulties score and moderate internal consistency for the strengths subscale. Practice or Policy: As the SDQ is widely used internationally, further research is required to facilitate interpretation across populations and purposes (i.e., screening, diagnosis, or outcome assessment).     

3-6岁幼儿责任行为问卷编制及信效度分析

在参考以往文献和访谈所得资料的基础上提出幼儿责任行为的结构并编制初测问卷项目,以622名3-6岁幼儿为被试,对编制的初测问卷进行项目分析、探索性因素分析及信、效度分析。结果表明,幼儿责任行为包括自我责任行为(生活与学习、生命与安全、行为与控制)、他人责任行为(关爱与帮助、尊敬与礼貌、任务与承诺)和环境责任行为(集体与活动、自然与社会)3大维度8个子类;正式问卷共包含34个题项,具有较好的结构效度、校标效度和内部一致性信度,可以作为全面评估、进而有针对性地培养幼儿责任行为的有效、可靠的工具。     

大学生自我和谐问卷的编制与信效度分析

为提供大学生自我和谐科学测评的有效工具并考察大学生自我和谐的心理结构,编制了《大学生自我和谐问卷》。对相关研究文献进行梳理分析,在此基础上编制了《大学生自我和谐问卷》的题项。对530名大学生进行问卷调查,对调查数据进行统计分析,结果表明:大学生自我和谐问卷包含时间和谐、情绪和谐、人际和谐、身体和谐四个维度;问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.896,分半信度系数为0.812;大学生自我和谐问卷与自尊量表的相关系数为0.593(P<0.01),与一般心理健康问卷的相关系数为-0.429(P<0.01)。本研究编制的《大学生自我和谐问卷》具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为测量大学生自我和谐水平的有效工具。     

Validity and Reliability of a Shortened,Revised Version of the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES)

The purpose of the study was to investigate the use of an existing instrument, the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES)(Taylor, Dawson & Fraser, 1995; Taylor, Fraser & Fisher, 1993, 1997), for providing insights into the classroom learning environments of beginning science teachers. In the first year of the study, the CLES was used with 290 upper elementary, middle, and high school science teachers and preservice teachers. As part of a larger study of the classroom environments and teaching practices of beginning science teachers, data also were gathered through classroom observations of and interviews with some of the participating teachers. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability analysis, as well as examination of each item and of participants' questions and comments about them, led to a shortened, revised version of the CLES, named the CLES 2(20). The five original scales were retained, but the number of items in each scale was reduced from six to four. The single negatively worded item was eliminated. Some of the original items were rephrased. The revised CLES was then used in the second, third and fourth years of the study. Examples of feedback based on CLES data is provided to researchers to assist them in writing teacher profiles.     

英汉双语版词汇量测试工具VST的效度研究

Vocabulary Size Test(以下简称VST)是国际词汇研究领军学者Paul Nation推出的用于测量学习者接受性词汇量的测试工具。除了英英版本,该量具还提供英汉双语等共5个双语版本测试。研究显示英英版VST量具效度理想,但是英汉双语版VST量具的效度研究依然是空白。该文对英汉版VST量具进行了难度、单因素方差和Scheffe事后多重比较分析等,数据表明英汉版VST量具效度良好,能够有效测量不同水平学习者的接受性词汇量。