我国高水平撑竿跳高运动员专项力量训练手段现状的研究与分析

采用文献资料、问卷调查和专家访谈等方法,对我国高水平撑竿跳高运动员专项力量训练方法和手段的现状进行分析和研究.结果表明:在运动训练中力量训练理论和应用的研究不够,训练理念和方法陈旧,影响了力量训练的质量和效果.     

改进编训方法提高团体操训练效率

针对团体操训练效率不高、训练周期较长的现状,提出了在编排上重视大效果、重视可操作性并主要采用"分区分组"的方法进行编排,以便在训练中能够充分发挥骨干的作用,采用新的坐标标示方法和旗语提示等手段提高训练效率.经过两次大型团体操编训的实验检验,证明本文提出的方法对于提高训练效率有很好的作用.     

积极性情绪对运动训练的影响

本文在采用文献资料法获取积极性情绪理论的基础上,通过采用特殊的训练手段和方法的实验法对高校跨栏训练课进行研究。经训练效果实验证明,对运动员情绪的调动可以大幅度地提高跨栏训练课的训练效果和运动员的动作质量,并且对运动员的身心健康都具有积极的促进作用。通过对照的方法来阐述运动训练中积极性情绪对训练效果的影响和作用,为提高运动训练的效果和今后的研究提供有力的理论基础。     

关于羽毛球多球训练强度优化性研究

为了探寻多球训练强度的最优效果,采用实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,通过心率和血乳酸等生理指标对三组(比赛以及两组不同的多球训练模式)训练模式进行跟踪监控和评价。结果表明:不同的多球训练模式导致训练的效果有所差异;采用不同内容的多球混合训练的方法其强度更接近临场比赛的强度,是多球训练的最优化选择。     

念动训练法与心理暗示法相结合在体育院系排球普修课教学中的应用研究

在北京体育大学教育学院排球普修课教学中采用念动训练与心理暗示相结合的方法,对其教学训练效果的有效性进行了实验验证。研究结果表明,采用该方法的教学训练效果优于传统的教学训练方法。     

短跑运动员基础力量的核心力量训练实验研究

核心力量训练是目前世界上经常采用的训练手段,且实践证明具有良好的训练效果.短跑项目非常注重核心力量训练,尤其是基础力量训练阶段.为了深入探讨核心力量训练在短跑运动员基础力量的作用,本文主要采用实验法,对相关实验对象进行了为期10-12周核心力量训练,研究结果表明：核心力量训练在维持短跑运动员身体平衡并为下肢发力提供支撑点的过程中发挥重要作用;核心力量训练效果在短跑运动员连续运动不稳定的状态中表现尤为明显,其训练作用不能完全代替传统力量训练方法.针对短跑项目的专项特征和当前核心力量训练的发展趋势,提出了核心力量训练运用的相关建议.     

浅谈射击训练中对射手的鼓励效应

教练员指导运动员训练过程要采用很多方法达到最佳效果，本文通过训练体会、举例、阐述了训练或比赛中鼓励射手的作用和方法，从而提高训练效果和比赛成绩     

徒手姿态训练

徒手姿态训练是形体训练中的组合练习,又是充分表达形体美、姿态美和动作美的一种方式,也是检验形体训练效果的一种方法.端正的姿态、优美的动作给人以艺术的享受,同时也增加了学生参加形体训练的兴趣。练习时可采用单人、双人两种形式进行,这里只介绍单人练习。1.手臂基本位置训练     

少儿乒乓球多球练习方法应用效果研究

乒乓球多球练习方法是近期在青少年儿童训练中提出的一种训练方法之一,但在少年儿童业余体校的启蒙训练中尚未广泛推广和应用,为了探索多球训练的实际效果,本文对12名5-7岁少儿队员在启蒙训练中采用该方法效果进行探讨和研究。研究方法采用文献法资料、实验对比法,效果观察法。通过6个月两组队员分别用单球训练方法和多球训练方法得出的数据进行比较,得出验证效果。     

优秀速滑长距离运动员夏训期间生化指标的监测

探索我国优秀速滑长距离运动员的评价的生化指标和方法,为运动训练科学化提供理论基础支撑.以黑龙江省速滑队中最优秀的16名长距离速滑运动员为研究对象,采用训练实践与生化监测的方法对夏训期间他们的血红蛋白、血尿素、肌酸激酶三项指标进行研究.研究结果表明:血红蛋白、血尿素、肌酸激酶三项指标的变化情况对训练监控具有较好的实效性、科学性,体现了夏训期间训练效果和运动员机体对训练的反应,为速滑长距离运动员机能评定提供了科学依据.     

Strength training: Isometric training at a range of joint angles versus dynamic training

Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18?–?30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles.     

间歇训练法在散打训练中的应用

介绍了间歇训练法的原理、功能及其类型、特点,着重从3个方面分析了间歇训练法在散打训练实践中的应用。     

Strength training: isometric training at a range of joint angles versus dynamic training

Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18 - 30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles.     

花样滑冰的心理训练方法

为使运动员以良好的心态投入到训练和比赛之中,通过对花样滑冰运动员进行放松、表象、集中注意力以及模拟等心理训练,培养花样滑冰运动员良好的心理和自我调控能力,为花样滑冰运动员取得优异成绩提供参考。     

对训练周期理论与板块训练理论的再审视

对训练周期理论和板块训练理论进行了比较后发现,两种理论的冲竞占、主要集中在高水平运动员是否适应新的参赛机制和高水平运动员专项能力提高的生物适应性以及训练理论模型适用的训练范围上;而对两种理论的辨析与思考,得出了训练理论与训练实践脱节的原因是训练理论模型的非真理性和训练理论模型的经验化。     

论表象训练原理及其在运动训练中的作用

心理训练是运动训练的三大要素之一,表象训练又是心理训练的主要内容。国内外心理学者和体育界经过大量 的研究和探索,认为通过表象训练可以形成和完善技术的动作概念,加深对动作技术的理解和掌握,减轻紧张和焦虑, 提高训练和比赛成绩。     

蹦床训练中周课次的安排及身体素质训练内容

通过献资料研究、专家访谈、现场观察等，研究蹦床周训练课次的安排、课的结构模式，并与前苏联和日本的训练方法和安排进行了对比分析。得出国家蹦床集训队周课次安排的模式为10～11次：课结构的模式为每次课时间为3h，分为准备活动、基本部分和结束部分。在此基础上，对蹦床项目中身体训练的重要意义和内容进行了总结和论述，指出在国际赛事频繁的今天，更要重视科学的身体训练方法和训练安排。     

力量训练方式发展研究

随着力量训练方法手段的不断细化与发展,力量训练经过了传统力量训练到电刺激训练又向具有时代性的振动力量、核心力量和功能性力量训练方向发展,新兴力量训练方式的出现使得教练员在力量训练中不能很好地理解各种力量训练的优缺点及针对性,以致在训练中盲目追求新兴的力量训练方法而忽视针对运动员所需力量提高的要求。本研究目的在于阐述几种力量训练方式的产生及应用,分析几种不同力量训练方式在针对提高运动员力量过程中的优缺点,以便教练员在力量训练中选择适宜的力量训练手段,达到提高专项成绩的目的。     

Incorporating perceptual decision-making training into high-intensity interval training for Australian football umpires

Existing methods for developing decision–making skill for Australian football umpires separate the physical and perceptual aspects of their performance. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of incorporating video-based decision-making training during high-intensity interval training sessions, specific for Australian football umpires. 20 amateur Australian football umpires volunteered to participate in a randomised control trial. Participants completed an 8-week training intervention in a conditioning only (CON; n=7), combined video-based training and conditioning (COM; n=7), or separated conditioning and video-based training (SEP; n=6) group. Preliminary and post-testing involved a Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Yo-YoIR1), and 10x300m run test with an Australian football specific video-based decision-making task. Overall, changes in decision-making accuracy following the intervention were unclear between groups. SEP was possibly beneficial compared to COM in Yo-YoIR1 performance, whereas CON was likely beneficial compared to COM in 10x300m sprint performance. There was no additional benefit to completing video-based training, whether combined with, or separate to physical training, suggesting that this was not an optimal training method. For video-based training to be an effective decision-making tool, detailed feedback should be incorporated into training. It is recommended that longer conditioning and video-based training interventions be implemented to determine training effectiveness.     

高原训练的实践

高原训练作为提高运动能力的方法已有近半个世纪的历史,经过多年研究与实践形成了较为科学的系统的高原训练方法,为耐力项目成绩的提高摸索出一条新路。高原因海拔高度的增加加大了缺氧负荷的强度,随海拔高度的增加,空气中各种气体成分的分压与大气压成比例下降,由于氧分压的下