Playing Healthy, Staying Healthy: A Prevention Program for Contagious Disease

This article provides guidelines for creating and promoting healthy environments in early childhood education in order to prevent and control the spread of contagious disease. Illness prevention strategies are offered along with practical suggestions for health education curriculum. Resources for children and adults are included for further reading.     

Student Academic Dishonesty: The Potential for Situational Prevention

Approximately one-half to three-quarters of university students commit some form of cheating, plagiarism, or collusion. Typical university responses are policy statements containing definitions plus punishment procedures. This paper collates a portfolio of strategies and tactics that seek to design-out, deter, and discourage academic misconduct. It finds many routine tactics exist, from silence and the use of large halls for major exams, to restrictions on electronic devices. Others are less consistently adopted, such as splitting lengthy exams in two to discourage washroom-visits where cheating takes place. The portfolio of tactics is framed in the context of crime opportunity theory and the 25 techniques of situational crime prevention. It is proposed that more consistent application of tactics focusing on environmental design, curricular design, and class management offer significant potential for reducing misconduct. Future research should seek to evaluate and enhance such interventions.     

Social Activities and Health of Korean Elderly Women by Age Groups

The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which the association between different types of social activities and multiple dimensions of health outcomes varies by age groups among Korean elderly. This study employed regression models with data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Social activities were associated with various dimensions of health status of adult women after adjusting for background variables. The association between social activities and health status does not show a great difference between adults of ages 45–64 and of those aged over 65 years. Compared to informal family relationships, involvement in social activities was positively associated with various health outcomes. While previous studies emphasized the importance of informal family relationships among the elderly, which increase with age, this study showed that social activities have a significant influence on the health of elderly females. This influence is equally significant for adults older than 65 years of age as well as 45- to 64-year-old adults. This finding suggests that social policy to get older females more involved in a wide array of social activities helps keep them in good health status.     

不对称周期势中噪声诱导的布朗粒子几率流

研究了周期势中布朗粒子的定向输运现象．通过解析计算和数值模拟,分析了在一雏惯性锯齿势中噪声参数对布朗粒子定态几率流的影响．     

An Assessment of the HIV Prevention Needs of Young Minority Women

This study tested the reliability of nine scales assessing psychosocial mediators of HIV-risk and protective behaviors of young minority women in New York City. Sixty-nine age-eligible women were approached during clinical sessions, 90% (n = 62) agreed to participate, and 83% (n = 57) completed a web-based survey. With one exception, scale measures were reliable. The exception was the scale assessing frequency of sexual communication with partners. This scale did not demonstrate adequate interitem reliability for Black women. Findings provide program planners with a reliable set of measures that may be useful for preintervention needs assessments of young minority women at-risk of acquiring HIV.     

女诗人:女性话语的自发者——唐代宫怨诗创作主体考察之一

唐代宫怨诗以作者身份看,大致可以分为两类:女诗人的自我抒发与男诗人的代言之作。女诗人包括有名号的后妃、和亲的公主、普通的宫女三类。这些女诗人的宫怨诗可以说是女性话语的自发者,以我手写我心,真实地透露了她们的心声,其诗歌中哀怨的内容不同而艺术风格相近,都呈现出明显的女性色彩的情感基调和抒情话语模式。     

营养干预联合跌倒教育对老年2型糖尿病患者跌倒率和运动情况的影响

目的:探究营养干预联合跌倒教育应用于老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的临床效果。方法:选取196例老年T2DM患者为研究对象,随机数表法分为观察组与对照组各98例。对照组仅接受常规营养干预,观察组在其基础上实施跌倒教育干预。比较干预前及干预6个月后两组糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)]、下肢肌力[5次坐立试验(FTSTS)时间]、平衡功能[Berg平衡量表(BBS)],分析干预6个月时两组运动情况[老年糖尿病特异性运动锻炼问卷(SEQ-SDM)]及跌倒率差异。结果:干预6个月后,两组FPG、HbA1c水平及FTSTS时间均较干预前有显著下降,且观察组明显低于同期对照组(P<0.05);两组BBS评分均较干预前有显著提升,且观察组明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组SEQ-SDM运动知识、运动意愿、运动行为、专业支持维度评分及总分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),两组社会支持维度比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预6个月内,观察组跌倒率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:营养干预联合跌倒教育可有效减少老年T2DM患者跌倒率并改善其运动情况,有利于提高患者生存质量。     

高职院校思想引领与文化载体关系探析

高职院校文化是思想引领价值与载体建设的有机统一。高职院校文化的思想引领价值借助大量丰富多彩的文化载体得以实现,而文化载体则在实现思想引领价值过程中获得生机与活力。正确认识高职院校文化的思想引领价值与载体建设间的关系,对于打造特色高职院校文化,具有重大的理论和实践意义。     

健康中国建设下慢性病防治的个体责任探究

以健康中国建设为背景,梳理个体健康责任的理论依据,分析我国慢性病防治中个体责任缺失的现状和表现,并据此提出建构个体健康责任的主要方向。建议个体应通过自主自律的健康行为,主动接受健康教育、参与慢性病筛查、与生态环境和谐共生等在慢性病防治中承担起社会健康良性运转所需的基本义务和社会责任。     

艾滋病女性化防治的社区支持

艾滋病和艾滋病毒也许在人类历史上第一次可称得上是全球的流行病,艾滋病中的性别差 异正在引起人们的注意。在女性感染者不断上升的基础上,形成了艾滋病的女性化趋势,在女性化的预防和 治疗过程中,需要社区的支持功能。     

基于SWOT分析的广西健康旅居养老产业发展策略研究

发展健康旅居养老产业有利于满足老年人多元化的养老服务需求,是积极应对人口老龄化的重要举措.基于SWOT分析法对广西发展健康旅居养老产业的内部优势和劣势、外部机遇和挑战进行分析.研究发现,明显的区位优势、宜居的生态环境、少数民族特色的医药资源、丰富的旅游资源是内部优势;医疗资源不足、养老服务发展滞后是内部劣势;老年人口基数大且消费能力逐步提升、旅游业快速发展且旅居养老升温是外部机遇;政策保障不健全、老年人支付能力有限是外部挑战.在对内外部环境进行交叉分析的基础上,文章提出了促进广西健康旅居养老产业发展的SO、WO、ST、WT四种策略.     

Women of Vision: Understanding the Ways Women Lead Change

In the midst of numerous global uncertainties, leaders are expected to have the ability to articulate a compelling vision of a preferred future that energizes and engages followers. In fact, Kouzes and Posner (2009) have argued that “Being forward-looking—envisioning exciting possibilities and enlisting others in a shared view of the future—is the attribute that most distinguishes leaders from nonleaders” (p. 20). Given that context, it is notable that research by Ibarra and Obodaru (2009) that involved 360-degree evaluations of 2,816 leaders in the corporate sector concluded that male raters of executive performance viewed women as being less visionary than men. In contrast, women were rated by both male and female raters as being as effective or more effective than male executives on 9 of 10 other “critical components of leadership” (Ibarra & Obodaru, 2009, p. 66). The authors offer three potential explanations for this anomaly, including the possibility that the collaborative leadership style of many women gives credit to the group for visionary thinking and actions rather than taking individual credit. In the male-normed culture of Christian higher education (Longman & Anderson, 2016), the perception that women are less “visionary” may contribute to their underrepresentation in senior leadership positions. This article reports the findings of a qualitative, grounded theory study that explored how 12 female leaders at Christian colleges and universities successfully developed and implemented a vision that resulted in institutional change. The participants were asked to describe their process of envisioning and the internal drivers that motivated them to persevere through challenges related to the institutional change process. Data analysis led to the identification of four primary themes: (a) the role of internal drivers such as confidence, a sense of purpose, and calling; (b) evidence of a strong orientation toward people throughout the process; (c) language barriers that often seemed to inhibit envisioning; and (d) the importance of the change aligning with the institutional mission and values.     

健康中国背景下食品安全风险防控体系创新探讨

在健康中国背景要求下,食品安全风险防控成为政府工作的一大重点。近年来,食品安全问题层出不穷,严重影响人们的身体健康,危害社会的和谐与稳定。针对我国食品安全风险防控所面临的现实困境,需要始终坚持"科学防治,精准施策"的理念,发挥政府、市场和社会各方主体的协同治理作用,从法律、监测、预警和监督等方面入手,从而创新食品安全风险防控体系,以期推动政府治理体系和治理能力现代化。     

基于女性性别脆弱性分析的艾滋病防治对策

文章在以云南省艾滋病人口分性别进行研究的基础上，提出基于女性性别脆弱性的艾滋病防治对策，对于减少女性人口在面对艾滋病时的脆弱性，提高艾滋病防治的效率具有重要的意义。     

广场舞与健身走锻炼对中老年女性身心影响的比较研究

目的:比较广场舞与健身走锻炼对中老年女性身心影响.方法:随机选取150名中老年女性作为研究对象,广场舞锻炼组和健身走锻炼组各75例,比较两组的锻炼效果.结果:除少数指标外,广场舞组各项锻炼指标的效果明显高于健身走锻炼组,组间差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:广场舞锻炼对中老年女性身心影响广泛,可起到调节心理情绪的作用.     

个人高等教育选择风险及其规避

大量信息不对称的存在,使得个人在对高等教育进行选择的过程中面临诸多风险。在中国,个人高等教育选择风险产生的主要原因在于高校的信息垄断、教育中介组织功能缺失、个人及家庭信息处理能力有限以及高考招生录取制度不合理等。因此,降低个人高等教育选择风险的对策在于:促进高校信息公开和高校信息服务竞争,发挥教育中介组织的评估作用,提高个人和家庭信息处理能力与鉴别能力,完善政府信息发布制度和高考招生录取制度。     

银行惜贷的根源:激励与约束的不对称

对于商业银行出现的惜贷现象，不少学者从信贷市场中银行与借款者之间博弈的角度来加以解释。本文认为，目前我国商业银行的信贷管理制度在强调风险防范的同时，未能建立起一套适当的补偿激励制度，由此造成的激励与约束不对称才是导致银行惜贷的主要原因。从改进信贷管理制度的角度出发，作者提出了一个初步的改进制度设计的方案。