社会足球青训机构教练员能力因素的研究

该文采用逻辑分析法和文献资料法来进行社会足球青训机构教练员能力因素的研究。社会足球青训机构教练员是足球教练员这个群体中的一个分类,随着草根足球和校园足球在中国的不断发展,社会足球青训机构教练员的数量正在不断增加。现阶段,社会足球青训机构教练员是绝大部分青少年的“足球启蒙教练”,因此对其能力因素的研究十分重要。该文以社会足球青训机构教练员为研究对象,研究了其指导运动训练能力、临场指挥比赛能力、团队管理能力和影响能力的综合因素。通过研究发现社会足球青训机构教练员需要各种能力,但最为重要的是指导运动训练的能力。     

Child-rearing in public spaces: the challenging dual-role relationships of parent–coaches and child–athletes of coaches in Swedish team sports

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to examine the challenges of being either a parent–coach or a child–athlete of a coach within the context of Swedish youth sport. Conceptually, this paper draws on educational and sociological theories regarding changing perspectives in child-rearing. The results are based on data gathered from interviews with parent–coaches and child–athletes (age 13–15) of coaches involved in team sports. The results indicate that a range of meanings emerged through these unique sets of interactions, resulting in both positive and negative experiences for both children and their parents. To manage the perceived challenges, four behavioural strategies were used including fairness, distancing, defence and quitting. Overall, this study provides a deeper understanding of the challenges of these unique dual roles in relation to contemporary child-rearing perspectives.     

黑龙江省冰上运动员后备梯队建设与发展策略研究

黑龙江省的冰上运动只有加强后备人才梯队建设,输入强大的体育人口,才能为我国成为真正的奥林匹克运动强国做出应有的贡献。认为体育政策与各级体育管理者的重视程度,各级队伍的教练员专业素养,后备人才培养与筛选体系,退役运动员的再就业与安置等问题是制约黑龙江省后备人才梯队建设的主要影响因素。提出优先发展冰上运动战略,以冰带雪,逐步实现冰雪运动全面发展的战略,同时以我国申办冬奥会为契机,加强各级体育管理者对政策的理解与执行力度,加强各级教练员的业务培训、知识更新与组建复合型教练员团队,构建二级后备人才培养与选材体系,建立退役运动员实训基地,拓宽就业渠道,大力推进黑龙江省冰上运动的发展。     

The role of community sports coaches in creating optimal social conditions for life skill development and transferability – a salutogenic perspective

Sport is widely recognised as having the potential to enhance the personal development of socially vulnerable youth, yet there is very limited knowledge on how community sports coaches can create optimal social conditions for life skill development and transferability. We adopt a salutogenic approach in order to study whether and how community sports coaches create these optimal social conditions. Based on the salutogenic framework, a thematic analysis was conducted of 15 in-depth interviews with community sports coaches providing sports lessons to socially vulnerable youth. As part of the interviews, the sports coaches were presented with several training scenarios and asked how they would respond in specific training situations. The results showed that the sports coaches aimed to create meaningful sporting experiences for youths. These meaningful sporting experiences were considered a precondition for keeping youths engaged in the sporting activities, as well as a precondition for life skill development. The sports coaches specifically focused on creating little moments of success and on making sure that the youths felt they belonged to a group. In order to ensure that the youths could experience moments of success, specific coaching strategies were implemented to increase the youths’ comprehensibility and manageability in specific sport situations. According to the sports coaches, experiencing little moments of success could contribute to an increase in socially vulnerable youths’ understanding of the everyday challenges that they face, as well as contribute to their ability to deal with these challenges. Creating meaningful sporting experiences may help youths ‘to learn to cope' – a skill that could be beneficial over their lifespan and in different societal domains.     

核心力量训练对提高男子跳高运动员竞技能力的影响

近年来,核心力量训练在竞技体育训练中引起了很多人的关注,备受教练、科研人员的青睐,被业内人士称为体能专项化的桥梁。本文以广州体育学院田径队5名男子运动员为研究对象,进行25周的核心力量训练。结果表明:训练后5名男子跳高运动员倒二步速度有显著性差异,倒一步身体内倾角度、后倾角度有所增大,运动员专项形态和素质都不同程度地得到提高,专项技术动作得进一步到完善,专项成绩的提高也具有显著性。     

对跳水运动员初级选材的探索

跳水运动是一项早成熟运动项目,训练周期相对较短,运动员的初级选材是成才的重要环节。本文旨在通过跳水运动员选材指标分析,从教练员的角度和思维出发,提出跳水运动员初选、复选条件,说明跳水运动项目初级选材的重要性,为提高跳水运动员选材提供参考与建议。     

早期乒乓球专业化训练对运动员腿型的影响

对从事乒乓球运动早期专业化训练的运动员腿型的研究显示,过早的专业化训练易导致运动员O型腿的形成。通过Wolff定律来分析其O型腿的形成原因,建议教练员和家长按国家体委的训练大纲执行,推迟儿童专业训练的年龄,减少训练时间。     

四川省青少年武术散打运动开展的现状调查与对策研究

从四川省青少年散打运动现状分析入手,调查统计了四川省青少年散打生源情况、教练员情况、练习者训练动机、领导重视程度和后勤保障等。认为四川省青少年散打运动的发展已有一定的基础,但竞技实力不强,和散打强省相比有较大差距,应当加强理论指导,加大投入,扎实搞好训练,切实保障运动员出路。     

对我国高校高水平运动训练后备人才来源模式的探讨

采用文献资料法,对我国高校高水平运动训练后备人才来源进行探讨。认为现阶段我国普通高校高水平运动员的主要构成结构是:现役运动员和退役运动员,主要来源于省市体工队,高校运动员这种单一来源与构成模式,将不利于我国普通高校高水平运动的持续发展。因此,对高校高水平运动训练后备人才来源多样性的探讨,对我国高校高水平运动训练的长远发展有着积极的作用。     

Talent development of high performance coaches in team sports in Ireland

Background: Coaches are central to the development of the expert performer and similarly to continued lifelong participation in sport. Coaches are uniquely positioned to deliver specific technical and tactical instruction and mentoring programmes that support the psychological and social development of athletes in a challenging, goal-oriented and motivational environment. The current study aimed to qualitatively investigate current coach learning sources and coaches’ educational backgrounds in team sports in Ireland. Methods: Coaches from five team sports in Ireland were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Subsequently male coaches (n?=?19) from five team sports who completed the questionnaire and met the inclusion criteria were invited to attend a follow-up semi-structured interview. Inclusion criteria for coaches were that they possess at least 10 years’ experience coaching their sport and were coaching more than 4 hours per week. Results/Discussion: Formal coach education does not meet the needs of high performance coaches who rely more on self-directed learning and coaching experience as their main sources of CPD. Although prior playing experience at a high level is both valuable and desirable, there are concerns about fast-tracking of ex-players into high performance coaching roles. Conclusions: Preferred sources of education and the best learning environment for coaches of team sports in Ireland are more informal than formal. Further research is needed to examine how this learning is applied in a practical manner by examining coaching behaviours and the impact it has on the athlete development process.     

影响江西省高校竞技体育发展的人力资源因素调查研究——以高水平田径运动为例

采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法,对影响江西省高校高水平田径运动发展的教练员、运动员两大人力资源因素进行调查分析,结果表明：教练员专项运动经历和比赛经验相对欠缺;缺乏应有的竞争上岗和奖罚机制;专职比例很小;缺乏高级别的运动员;＂一条龙＂的课余训练体系尚未形成;运动员参加基础训练的年龄偏大等。针对这一现状提出拓宽生源渠道,突出自身后备人才队伍的培养;优化教练员队伍,提高教练员业务水平等相应的对策,旨在为优化江西省普通高校高水平田径队伍提供依据。     

教练员是提升我国普通高校篮球水平的关键

目前,我国高校整体篮球水平较低主要表现为学校不重视、运动员技术差、教练员水平低。从普通高校高水平运动队训练与管理的现实、训练角度、经济角度、高校教练员的实际情况、篮球运动的特点、竞技体育发展趋势、相关政策文件看,提高教练员水平是提高高校篮球整体水平的关键。但目前存在困难：1．教练员无法平衡提高技术水平与工作、生活压力之间的关系;2．我国高校篮球发展起步较晚,教练员整体水平至今未得到明显提高;3．我国体育理论界对此问题研究不多,重视不够。     

谈摔跤运动员的赛前心理训练

从比赛环境、对手信息、比赛胜负等角度对摔跤运动员竞赛前心理因素进行研究,运用运动心理学和运动训练学相关知识,采用理论分析方法,结合摔跤运动实际情况,探讨摔跤运动员赛前心理训练对比赛的影响,同时提出相关心理训练的方法和手段,旨在帮助广大教练员提高运动心理训练的意识,通过增强运动员赛前的心理能力来提高运动员在比赛中的竞争力。     

Football,sport and the development of young people’s life skills

The development of life skills has been associated with participation in sport, football and other physical activities. A factor in enabling this ambition to be realized is the actions and behaviours of sports coaches. Drawing on the concept of positive youth development through sport, the first part of this paper considers the types of environments coaches need to create in order for players to develop life skills. The second part of this paper discusses formal coach education and its role in developing coaches’ knowledge of life skills development. The third and final section of this paper offers an alternative explanation of how people’s exposure to certain social contexts results in the development of life skills. A review of literature in these areas reveals that the role sport and football has played in players’ development of life skills is unclear and in need of future research attention.     

Examining coaches’ perceptions of how their stress influences the coach–athlete relationship

This study extends recent coach stress research by evaluating how coaches perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes, and the broader coach–athlete relationship. A total of 12 coaches working across a range of team sports at the elite level took part in semi-structured interviews to investigate the 3 study aims: how they perceive athletes to detect signals of coach stress; how they perceive their stress experiences to affect athletes; and, how effective they perceive themselves to be when experiencing stress. Following content analysis, data suggested that coaches perceived athletes able to detect when they were experiencing stress typically via communication, behavioural, and stylistic cues. Although coaches perceived their stress to have some positive effects on athletes, the overwhelming effects were negative and affected “performance and development”, “psychological and emotional”, and “behavioural and interaction” factors. Coaches also perceived themselves to be less effective when stressed, and this was reflected in their perceptions of competence, self-awareness, and coaching quality. An impactful finding is that coaches are aware of how a range of stress responses are expressed by themselves, and to how they affect athletes, and their coaching quality. Altogether, findings support the emerging view that coach stress affects their own, and athlete performance.     

少年运动员情绪健康问题初探

本文探讨少年运动员的情绪生活状况及情绪健康状况和对情绪的自我调控能力。提出了影响少年运动员健康成长的 5类情绪问题 ,并对情感发展所需的内部条件和外部环境及少年运动员身心发展的特点等提出了建议。     

对我国篮球经纪人运动员经纪现状的研究

运用问卷调查、访谈等研究方法,对部分篮球职业俱乐部经理、教练,部分篮球经纪人及国家体育总局的官员进行了问卷调查和访谈,从运动员转会和无形资产开发两方面对我国篮球经纪人的运动员经纪现状进行了研究.结果表明:国内篮球球员转会中经纪人所起的作用不大;外援引进不规范;外援工资过高;运动员无形资产开发中商家、企业赞助额度偏低,运动员价值无从体现;运动员无形资产开发的经纪数量较少;国内经纪人无形资产开发的佣金比例与国际惯例基本趋同.     

北美青少年体育运动的发展及其启示

70年代以来．北美的青少年体育运动迅速发展,它不仅促进了青少年体质的健康发展,而且也培养了青少年的自律、团结合作、成就动机以及勇敢顽强的良好品质。北美开展青少年体育运动的成功经验给我们以下几个方面的启示：（1）社会与家庭的重视与参与是广泛开展青少年体育运动的重要前提。（2）建立组织．制定计划是使青少年体育运动健康发展的根本保证。（3）经常、持久与自觉地参加各项体育运动有利于青少年身心的健康发展。（4）开设业余教练员训练班,建立青少年体育运动研究中心,是使青少年体育运动深入开展的重要措施。     

Predictive value of coaches’ early technical and tactical notational analyses on long-term success of female handball players

ABSTRACT

Despite the importance of technique and tactics for athlete performance, there has been surprisingly little research on the value of these skills in talent identification and development. This study investigated the relationship between coaches’ early notational analyses of female youth handball players and the long-term success of these athletes. Participants included sixty-eight female handball players involved in a talent selection camp in Germany when they were between 12 and 14 years of age (mean = 14.42, SD = 0.42). All subsequently ended up as non-, semi- or professional adult players. During the initial selection camp, participants were evaluated on a range of quantitative and qualitative measures of technical and tactical skill. Results indicated significant differences between the groups, but only for the number of actions taken, not for the quality of those actions. While this seems counterintuitive, it may reflect the likelihood that more skilled and/or talented players take more actions. Further work is necessary to explore the validity and implications of these findings.     

公众满意导向:公共体育场馆服务品质提升策略研究——基于Kano模型分析

以健身者需求来考量公共体育场馆服务品质,体现着以人为本的服务理念。论文以Kano模型和Better-Worse系数为基础,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,以济南市全民健身中心为例,对公共体育场馆的服务品质进行调查和分析。研究表明,“场馆内的器材设施保养”是四类群体共有的魅力因素;“场馆内教练员的技术水平”是少年、青年和老年群体的意愿因素;“场馆内的应急措施”和“场馆向顾客按承诺履行服务”是少年、青年和中年群体的必备因素。根据结果提出相应策略:夯实基础,全面保障必备因素;切实履行,充分完善意愿因素;打造精品,努力强化魅力因素。