Case Report :Surgical intervention of severe post-ERCP-pancreatitis accompanied with duodenum perforation

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure widely used to diagnose and treat conditions of biliary or pancreatic ductal system. The post-ERCP severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) accompanied with duodenum perforation is rare but serious, remaining a challenge in clinic. In this study we report two such cases. Two Chinese women were treated for clinical suspicion of bile duct obstruction and underwent ERCP after admission. Both developed duodenum perforation and SAP after ERCP, and were ...     

Protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhizae on the hearts of rats with severe acute pancreatits or obstructive jaundice

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhizae (Danshen) in the treatment of severe acute panereatitis (SAP)- or obstructive jaundice (OJ)-induced heart injury. Methods: A total of 288 rats were used for SAP-(n=108) and O J-associated (n=180) experiments. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, model control, and Salvia miltiorrhizae-treated groups. According to the difference of time points after operation, SAP rats in each group were subdivided into 3, 6 and 12 h subgroups (n=12), whereas OJ rats were subdivided into 7, 14, 21, and 28 d subgroups (n=15). At the corre-sponding time points after operation, the mortality rates of the rats, the contents of endotoxin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in blood, and pathological changes of the hearts were investigated. Results: The numbers of dead SAP and OJ rats in the treated groups declined as compared with those in the model control group, but not significantly (P>0.05). The contents ofendotoxin (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 7, 14, 21, and 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) and PLA2 (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respec-tively). Besides, myocardial pathological injuries were mitigated in SAP and OJ rats. Conclusion: In this study, we found that Salvia miltiorrhizae improved myocardial pathological changes, reduced the content of PLA2 in blood, and decreased the mortality rates of SAP and OJ rats, exerting protective effects on the hearts of the rats.     

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the treatment of hepatic hydrothorax: report of twelve cases

Background: Hepatic hydrothorax is defined as a significant pleural effusion in patients with liver cirrhosis and without underlying cardiopulmonary diseases. Treatment of hepatic hydrothorax remains a challenge at present. Methods: Herein we share our experiences in the treatment of 12 patients with hepatic hydrothorax by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).Repair of the diaphragmatic defects, or pleurodesis by focal pleureetomy, talc spray, mechanical abrasion, electro-cauterization or injection was administered intraoperatively, and tetracycline intrapleural injection was used postoperatively for patients with prolonged (＞7 d) high-output (＞300 ml/d) pleural effusion. Results: Out of the 12 patients, 8 (67%) had uneventful postoperative course and did not require tube for drainage more than 3 months after discharge. In 4 (33%) patients the pleural effusion still recurred after discharge due to end-stage cirrhosis with massive ascites. Conclusion: We conclude that the repair of the diaphragrnatic defect and pleurodesis through VATS could be an alternative of transjugular intrahepatic portal systemic shunt (TIPS) or a bridge to liver transplantation for patients with refractory hepatic hydrothorax. Pleurodesis with electrocauterization can be an alternative therapy if talc is unavailable.     

Protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhizae on the hearts of rats with severe acute pancreatits or obstructive jaundice

Objective  To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhizae (Danshen) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)- or obstructive jaundice (OJ)-induced heart injury. Methods  A total of 288 rats were used for SAP- (n=108) and OJ-associated (n=180) experiments. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, model control, and Salvia miltiorrhizae-treated groups. According to the difference of time points after operation, SAP rats in each group were subdivided into 3, 6 and 12 h subgroups (n=12), whereas OJ rats were subdivided into 7, 14, 21, and 28 d subgroups (n=15). At the corresponding time points after operation, the mortality rates of the rats, the contents of endotoxin and phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) in blood, and pathological changes of the hearts were investigated. Results  The numbers of dead SAP and OJ rats in the treated groups declined as compared with those in the model control group, but not significantly (P>0.05). The contents of endotoxin (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 7, 14, 21, and 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) and PLA₂ (at 6 and 12 h in SAP rats and on 28 d in OJ rats, respectively) in the treated group were significantly lower than those in the model control group (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). Besides, myocardial pathological injuries were mitigated in SAP and OJ rats. Conclusion  In this study, we found that Salvia miltiorrhizae improved myocardial pathological changes, reduced the content of PLA₂ in blood, and decreased the mortality rates of SAP and OJ rats, exerting protective effects on the hearts of the rats. Projected supported by the Technological Foundation Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science of Zhejiang Province (Nos. 2003C130 and 2004C142), the Grave Foundation Project for Technological and Development of Hangzhou City (No. 2003123B19), and the Intensive Foundation Project for Technology of Hangzhou City (No. 2004Z006), China     

Advances in researches on the immune dysregulation and therapy of severe acute pancreatitis

During the development and progression of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), conspicuous immune dysregulation develops, which is mainly manifested as excessive immune response in the early stage and immunosuppression in the late stage.This process involves complex changes in a variety of immune molecules and cells, such as cytokines, complements, lymphocytes,and leukocytes. With the gradual deepening of studies on the development and progression of SAP, the role of immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of SAP has attracted more and more attention. In this article, we review the advances in research on the immune dysregulation in SAP and the immunotherapy of this disease through exploring the formation of excessive immune response and immune suppression as well as their mutual transformation.     

Relationship between resistin level in serum and acute coronary syndrome or stable angina pectoris

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum resistin level and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stable angina pectoris (SAP). Methods Sixty-five patients, with coronary artery disease, were enrolled and divided into three subgroupsacute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and SAP, and 26 healthy people were recruited as controls in the cross-sectional study. Serum resistin levels were determined by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and WBC (white blood cell count), hsCRP (high sensitive C-reaction protein), CKmax (maximum ofcreatinkinase), CK-MBmax (maximum of isozyme of creatinkinase) and cTnImax (maximum oftroponin) were measured by standard laboratory methods. Results The serum resistin levels were 4 folds higher in AMI patients, 2.43 folds in UAP patients and 1.12 folds in SAP patients than in the healthy controls (P＜0.05). The resistin levels were also significantly different between AMI [(8.16±0.79) ng/ml], UAP [(5.59±0.75) ng/ml]and SAP [(3.45±0.56) ng/ml] groups (P＜0.01); WBC, hsCRP, CKmax, CK-MBmax and cTnImax were significantly increased in AMI patients over UAP and SAP patients. Spearman analysis showed that serum resistin levels were positively correlated with WBC (r=0.412, P=0.046), hsCRP (r=0.427, P=0.037), CKmax, CK-MBmax and cTnImax (r=0.731, 0.678, 0.656; P＜0.01). ConclusionSerum resistin levels increased with inflammatory factors and myocardial impairment. The results suggest that human resistin might play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and AMI as an inflammatory factor.     

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS） for bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Objective:To review our experience of the treatment of bilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Materials and methods: Retrospective chart review was followed by an on-clinic or telephone interview. Patients were cared for by one thoracic surgeon in four medical centers or community hospitals in Northern and Central Taiwan. Thirteen patients with bilateral PSP underwent bilateral VATS simultaneously or sequentially from July 1994 to December 2005. Results: Twelve males and one female, with age ranging from 15 to 36 years (mean 23.1 years), were treated with VATS for bilateral PSP, under the indications of bilateral pneumothoracis simultaneously (n=4) or sequentially (n=9). The interval between the first and second contra-lateral VATS procedure for non-simultaneous PSP patients ranged from 7 d to 6 years. Eleven of 13 patients (84.6%) had prominent pulmonary bullae/blebs, and underwent bullae resection with mechanical or chemical pleurodesis. The mean operative time was (45.6±18.3) min (range 25-96 min) and (120.6±28.7) min (range 84-166 min) respectively for the non-simultaneous (second VATS for the recurrence of contralateral side after first VATS) and simultaneous (bilateral VATS in one operation) procedures. There was no postoperative mortality. However, prolonged air leakage (>7 d) occurred in one patient (7.7%) who recovered after conservative treatment. The mean duration of chest tube drainage was 3.1 d and the median follow up period was 3.4 years. Conclusions: VATS is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of bilateral PSP. Bilateral VATS is only recommended for patients with simultaneously bilateral PSP, because the incidence of recurrence, even with visible bullae, was not so high in my group and in some previous literature. Bilateral VATS in a supine position should only be used in selective cases, because of possible pleural adhesion or hidden bullae on the posterior side.     

Intraoperative ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy for treatment of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis

Objective: To evaluate the benefit of intraoperative ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the treatment of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis. Methods: Fifty-two patients with cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis (as determined by intraoperative cholangiography) were randomly divided into 2 groups during LC. In group A (27 patients), common bile duct stones were extracted by intraoperative EST during LC. In group B(25 patients), common bile duct (CBD) stones were extracted by conversion to open CBD exploration and cholecyctectomy. Results: The success rate was 26/27 (96.3%) in group A and 25/25 (100%) in group B (0.25<P<0.5); The mean postoperative hospitalization was 3.32±0.56 days in group A and 17.5±4.61 days in group B (P<0.001). In group A, two cases were complicated transient hyperamylasemia after the combined procedure. In group B, one case of bile leakage and one case of duodenal ulcer occurred after conversion to open cholecystectomy with CBD exploration. There were no retained stones in group A but 2 cases in group B. Conclusion: Intraoperative ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with LC for treatment of cholelithiasis and chiledochlithiasis is safe, effective and results in shorter hospitalization and fewer complications than traditional open cholecystectomy with CBD exploration.     

EVALUATION OF ERCP IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA INVADING BILE DUCTS

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＭｕｃｕｎｎｅｗａｓｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｏｕｓｅＥＲＣＰ (Ｅｎｄｏ ｓｃｏｐｉｃＲｅｔｒｏｇｒａｄｅＣｈｏｌａｎｇｉｏｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｏｇｒａｐｈｙ)ｉｎｔｈｅｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｆｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓｏｆｂｉｌｅｄｕｃｔｓａｎｄｐａｎ ｃｒｅａｓｉｎ 1 968.Ｗｉｔｈｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｎｄｏｓｃｏｐｉｃｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｗａｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｒａｐｉｄ ｌｙ.ＴｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｅｗｒｅｐｏｒｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｏｎｔｈｅｕｓｅｏｆＥＲＣＰｆｏ…     

Evaluation of ERCP in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma invading bile ducts

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed preoperatively on 29 patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invading bile ducts. The outstanding features were: 1. Most of the filling defects were situated within the common, right or left hepatic duct associated with proximal bile duct dilatations (17 cases);2. Tumor encasement resulted in localised or diffused irregular strictures and dilatations (9 cases); 3. Displacement and stretching of the intrahepatic ducts by pressure of tumor mass (3 cases). These features are different from that in cholangiocarcinoma.ERCP should be considered as an important diagnostic procedure for HCC. It is especially useful for cases with obscure intrahepatic duct dialatation and/or an increase of AFP, and will help early diagnosis of HCC.     

老年急性非结石性胆囊炎临床特点及手术治疗

目的:探讨老年人急性非结石性胆囊炎(AAC)临床特点与手术治疗.方法:通过设立病例对照,对48例老年人AAC和急性结石性胆囊炎(ACC)的并发症、胆囊病理改变及术后结果进行比较.结果:与老年人ACC相比,AAC患者以心血管疾病为主的并发症明显增多(P＜0.01);胆囊化脓、坏疽与穿孔率明显增高(P值＜0.01,＜0.01,＜0.05);术后并发症发生率明显上升(P＜0.01).结论:老年人AAC并存病多、胆囊病变重、术后并发症发生率高;宜在症状出现48h内手术治疗.     

归芪五味消毒饮联合抗生素预防关节置换术后感染的临床观察

目的:探讨归芪五味消毒饮联合抗生素预防关节置换术后感染的临床疗效。方法:2015年10月至2020年10月收治200例关节置换患者,其中全髋关节置换50例,人工股骨头置换80例,全膝关节置换40例,膝关节单髁置换30例,每种病例随机分成2组,一组为观察组,另一组为对照组。所有患者常规应用抗生素,同时观察组于术后第1d开始口服归芪五味消毒饮,每天1剂,连用5d。分别于手术前、术后1、5d抽静脉测定C反应蛋白(CRP)、血测白细胞数量(WBC)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)。同时随访观察患者的切口愈合情况。结果:观察组和对照组手术前和手术后第1d后的CRP、WBC计数、ESR比较,差异均无统计学意义。术后1d的CRP、WBC计数、ESR均高于术前和术后5d(对照表1、2、3)。术后第5天两组之间的CRP、WBC计数、ESR比较,差异均有统计学意义。术后观察组均未发生感染,切口均愈合良好,对照组4例切口浅表感染,伤口延迟愈合。观察组切口愈合时间(13±3)d,对照组切口愈合时间(16±4)d。结论:归芪五味消毒饮联合抗生素可明显改善血液炎性指标,预防关节置换术后感染。     

体外循环心脏直视术后患者的监护体会

目的：总结体外循环心脏直视术后患者的监护经验。方法：对56例体外循环心脏直视术后的患者在ICU的监护进行回顾性分析,从监护室的准备、呼吸系统的护理、循环系统的护理、引流管的护理、心理护理、压疮预警干预几个方面进行总结。结果：56例患者中除一例因术后并发重度低心排死亡外,其余均康复出院。结论：ICU对患者的监护极为重要,这是体外循环心内直视术后患者的安全保障,直接关系到手术的成败。     

Severe short-bowel syndrome after total small bowel resection

Extensive intestine resection may result in short bowel syndrome (SBS) which is difficult of manage. This study reports a rare SBS case in a 6-year-old boy following resection of total jujunoileum and right colon. Our experience in 4-years follow-up and literature reports on SBS is discussed. The purpose of this study was also to evaluate the nutritional absorptive capacity and intestinal adaptation. In the 15th postoperative month, barium x-ray study showed a significantly extended and enlarged duodenum and colon. The intestinal transit time was prolonged to 22 hours. The absorption rate of palmic acid, glycine and D-xylose had increased from 57%, 50% and 4% respectively in the 15th postoperative month, to 75%, 65% and 6% in the 2nd postoperative year. His absorptive capacity allowed him normal oral feeding and normal school life. Our data confirmed the reports of the colon as an energy-salvage organ, and suggested that it may have some capacity to absorb long-chain fatty acids and amino acids.     

腹腔镜十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补12例报告

目的 评价腹腔镜修补十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的效果。方法 对12例十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的病人行电视腹腔镜缝合修补，观察其疗效及并发症。结果12例均在腹腔镜下成功修补，术后恢复快，平均住院6天，无手术并发症。结论 电视腹腔镜十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术是安全有效的手术方法。     

Value of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculoma: 53 cases analysis and review of literature

Tuberculoma of the lung is one of manifestations in tuberculosis and usually presents as a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN). It is difficult to differentiate tuberculoma from SPN by other benign or malignant diseases. At present, the crucial role of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases has been well acknowledged. Here, we reported 53 patients undergoing VATS resection for tuberculomas in our series. No postoperative mortality was found and only two patients experienced prolonged air-leakage (>7 d) and two had minor wound infections that were recovered after anti-tuberculosis or antibiotic treatment. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy from 6 to 12 months was routinely used postoperatively. We conclude that VATS is a satisfactory tool for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculoma and can also establish a reliable diagnosis for all patients with SPNs.     

艾滋病患者结肠造瘘术围手术期护理

目的：探讨总结8例直肠癌根治术后行结肠造瘘术艾滋病患者的手术前后心理干预及造口的处理方法。方法：通过术前艾滋病知识宣教,防护措施指导,以及术后造口的观察护理。结果：本组患者术后切口Ⅰ期愈合7例,Ⅱ期愈合1例,经积极换药后顺利愈合,患者及家属接受手术、接受造口,掌握造口护理技能。结论：耐心细致的造口护理指导可使患者掌握造口护理技能,家属掌握正确防护措施,接受艾滋病患者,提高艾滋病肿瘤患者的生活质量及生活信心,近期效果满意。     

Drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders

Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders were randomly allocated to be drained or not. Operative and postoperative outcomes including operating time, postoperative pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), total amount of intramuscular analgesic administration, hospital stay, complications, necessity for re-operation and satisfaction of patients were all assessed. Results: The mean operating time was similar between two groups (the drained and non-drained groups). The mean VAS score was found to be significantly low in the non-drained group patients in postoperative day (POD) 0 and POD 1. The mean amount of intramuscular analgesic requirement was significantly less in the non-drained group. One case of hematoma, two cases of seroma and three cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the non-drained group, whereas one case of hematoma, two cases of seroma, two cases of wound infections and two cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the drained group. No patient needed re-operation for any complication. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter and the satisfaction of patients was superior in the non-drained group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that postoperative complications cannot be prevented by using drains after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroid disorders. Furthermore, the use of drains may increase postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement, and prolong the hospital stay. In the light of these findings, the routine use of drains might not be necessary after thyroid surgery for benign disorders.     

胃肠道癌术后化疗T细胞亚群和sIL-2R的比较研究

目的:比较化疗前后T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平及术后腹腔化疗和静脉化疗T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平有无差异。方法:54例胃肠道癌症患者,分两组27例,一组接受腹腔化疗,另一组接受静脉化疗,检测血清中T细胞亚群和sIL-2R水平。结果:化疗后血清CD3、CD4和sIL-2R水平较化疗前明显下降(P<0.01)。CD3、CD4、CD8在两治疗组之间相似(P>0.01),但sIL-2R水平腹腔化疗低(0.05P相似文献   

Institutional experience of PTH evaluation on fine-needle washing after aspiration biopsy to locate hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue

Assaying parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the washing liquid after fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) seems to be a valid approach to locate parathyroid tissue. PTH-FNAB was evaluated in 47 patients with a clinical picture of primary hyper-parathyroidism (PHP) and ultrasonography (US) suggestive of parathyroid lesion. The patients were subdivided into two groups on the basis of the absence or presence of US thyroid alterations. The result of PTH-FNAB was compared with those of cytology, scintigraphy and, in 24 patients, surgical outcome. PTH-FNAB samples with a value higher than that recorded in the serum and higher than our institutional cut-off were deemed to be probable samples of parathyroid tissue. Cytology proved diagnostic for benign thyroid lesions, non-diagnostic for thyroid lesions, hyperplastic parathyroid tissue, undetermined or malignant thyroid lesions and other lesions in 45%, 30%, 17%, 4%, and 4% of cases, respectively. In 47% of cases, PTH-FNAB indicated that the sample had been taken in parathyroid tissue. In patients without US alterations, the diagnostic accuracy of PTH-FNAB was greater than that of scintigraphy. After surgery, comparison between the results of PTH-FNAB and scintigraphy, in terms of positive predictive value (PPV), revealed the superiority of PTH-FNAB; PPV was 94% for FNAB and 71% for scintigraphy, while sen-sitivity was 83% and 69%, respectively. PTH-FNAB evaluation after FNAB appears to be more diagnostic than cytology and scintigraphy. Of all the procedures used, PTH-FNAB appears to be the method of choice when the target is US suggestive and reachable. PTH-FNAB appears to be a useful method of guiding surgical intervention.