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1.
《Clearing house (Menasha, Wis.)》2012,85(6):193-201
AbstractBased on the relevant research that highlights the impact of pairing fiction and nonfiction texts around a specific theme or a topic for enhanced motivation and reading comprehension for English learners (ELs), this article describes ways to combine texts of various genres to promote ELs’ language and literacy development. A middle school example of a lesson on chocolate exemplifies how pairing a number of fiction and nonfiction texts supports differentiation and multiple opportunities for writing. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(3):179-214
Abstract We provide data 3 to 4 years postintervention for four samples of English language learners from two sequential Grade 1 cohorts who received supplemental Grade 1 reading interventions in Spanish or English and for whom the language of instruction for intervention was matched with language of core reading instruction. Participants were 300 students at risk for reading difficulties who were randomly assigned to intervention or comparison groups; there were 186 students from the four samples assessed in both languages (Spanish, English) 3 or 4 years after intervention completion (Spring Grade 4 or 5). Findings from the Spanish study revealed few statistically significant differences in favor of intervention students on Spanish measures, although effect sizes generally favored this group (median d = +0.33). Findings from the English study also revealed few statistically significant differences in favor of intervention students, though again, effect sizes were positive (median d = +0.23). Transfer effects were generally small, though nearly all were positive. Although the effects were small, receipt of intervention in Grade 1 was associated with clinically significant gains in a variety of literacy-related domains 3 to 4 years after the termination of supplemental instruction. 相似文献
3.
John W. Myers 《Clearing house (Menasha, Wis.)》2013,86(6):258-259
Literacy scholar Alfred Tatum has argued for a model for literacy with African-American male adolescents that includes the particular needs and contexts of this population. He describes this as an “anatomically complete” model and bases his model on a set of four “vital signs” that, combined, help increase student achievement. In this article, I adapt Tatum’s theory to apply to English Language Learners (ELLs) and describe what an anatomically complete model of ELL literacy might look like, based on research in the fields of literacy and English Language Learning. 相似文献
4.
States use standards‐based English language proficiency (ELP) assessments to inform relatively high‐stakes decisions for English learner (EL) students. Results from these assessments are one of the primary criteria used to determine EL students’ level of ELP and readiness for reclassification. The results are also used to evaluate the effectiveness of and funding allocation to district or school programs that serve EL students. In an effort to provide empirical validity evidence for such important uses of ELP assessments, this study focused on examining the constructs of ELP assessments as a fundamental validity issue. Particularly, the study examined the types of language proficiency measured in three sample states’ ELP assessments and the relationship between each type of language proficiency and content assessment performance. The results revealed notable variation in the presence of academic and social language in the three ELP assessments. A series of hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses also revealed varied relationships among social language proficiency, academic language proficiency, and content assessment performance. The findings highlight the importance of examining the constructs of ELP assessments for making appropriate interpretations and decisions based on the assessment scores for EL students. Implications for policy and practice are discussed. 相似文献
5.
In recent years, many U.S. states have introduced growth models as part of their educational accountability systems. Although the validity of growth‐based accountability models has been evaluated for the general population, the impact of those models for English language learner (ELL) students, a growing segment of the student population, has not received sufficient attention. We evaluated three commonly used growth models: value tables or transition matrices, projection models, and student growth percentiles (SGP). The value table model identified more ELL students as on track to proficiency, but with lower accuracy for ELL students. The projection and SGP models were more accurate overall, but classified the fewest ELL students as on track and were less likely to identify ELL students who would later be proficient. We found that each model had significant trade‐offs in terms of the decisions made for ELL students. These findings should be replicated in additional state contexts and considered in the development of future growth‐based accountability policies. 相似文献
6.
This longitudinal study modeled growth rates, from ages 24 to 36 months, in English, Spanish, and conceptual (i.e., combination of English and Spanish vocabulary items in terms of known concepts) productive vocabulary among 36 children from low-income homes. Individual growth modeling was employed using scores from the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI; Fenson et al., 2007) and the MacArthur Inventarios del Desarrollo de Habilidades Comunicativas (IDHC; Jackson-Maldonado et al., 2003) which were completed by parents every three months. Results demonstrate that students started out below national norms for monolinguals in English and Spanish vocabulary and their rates of growth did not allow them to reach age-appropriate levels even when applied beyond the age range for which the parent reports were designed. However, shifts toward more English use were documented. Additionally, when conceptual vocabulary growth was considered, the magnitude of the vocabulary gap relative to national norms was not as pronounced, underscoring the need attend to both languages. Theoretical, policy, and practical implications concerning dual language learning prior to formal school entry are discussed. 相似文献
7.
We describe a model professional development intervention currently being implemented to support 3rd- through 5th-grade teachers’
science instruction in 9 urban elementary schools with high numbers of English language learners. The intervention consists
of curriculum materials for students and teachers, as well as teacher workshops throughout the school year. The curriculum
materials and workshops are designed to complement and reinforce each other in improving teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and
practices in science instruction and English language development for ELL students. In addition to these primary goals, secondary
goals of the intervention included supporting mathematical understanding, improving scientific reasoning, capitalizing on
students’ home language and culture, and preparing students for high-stakes science testing and accountability through hands-on,
inquiry-based learning experiences. 相似文献
8.
Thirty-five elementary teachers participated in a yearlong professional development (PD) program that was designed to foster a culture of on-going teacher learning to promote the co-development of science and language literacy for English language learners (ELL). An explanatory design methodology was used to determine the degree to which science and language literacy co-developed. The research question guiding this study was: In what ways did the yearlong PD science program support teachers at 10 elementary schools to become more knowledgeable about fostering science literacy and its role in co-developing language literacy (e.g. reading, writing, listening, and speaking) for ELL? The measurable and significant gains on the quantitative mandated state science and reading tests and the analysis of qualitative teaching episodes led to the conclusion that demonstrated the synergy between science learning and language learning – as one increased, so did the other. 相似文献
9.
A positive school climate is important in maintaining an effective educational environment characterized by excellence, productivity, and cooperation. Because of its impact on successful educational experiences, administrators should attempt to assess climate rather than rely on feelings or intuition to estimate it. Individualized surveys offer a flexible method of addressing specific school needs and concerns. At first glance, the thought of individualizing a climate survey may appear to be an overwhelming task; however, with planning and effort, it can be accomplished. A systematic process outlining a method for individualizing a climate survey includes (a) planning, (b) preparation, (c) survey development, (d) administration, (e) analysis of results, and (f) dissemination. A tailored climate survey can be used by administrators to assess the current climate, evaluate programs designed to enhance the climate, and periodically monitor a climate for signs of change. Although time and effort are required to individualize a survey, results directly applicable to the school can help administrators achieve and maintain a positive school climate. 相似文献
10.
关于英语专业蒙古族学习者英语学习策略的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着我国民族高等教育的发展,少数民族英语学习者学习策略的研究受到越来越多的外语教育者的关注。笔者从学生不同阶段策略使用的差异性、考试成绩与策略使用的差异性等几个方面进行了分析描述,得出结论：策略使用频率由高到低为：认知策略（元认知策略（记忆策略（社交策略（补偿策略（情感策略;记忆策略和情感策略在不同的学习阶段存在差异,其他策略不存在差异;入学成绩与其学习策略中的认知策略和补偿策略具有相关性。 相似文献
11.
In this study, the authors examine the impact of an English as a second language (ESL) professional development offering designed to meet this challenge: the Modular Design for English Language Learners (MODELL) instruction program. The authors were part of a team of faculty that designed and developed this hybrid professional development program to support classroom teachers challenged with assessing and addressing the educational needs of limited English proficient (LEP) students. The authors theorize that observing and describing the trajectory and complexities of the professional development process might offer significant insights for teacher educators regarding ways to prepare teachers for working in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms. What was discovered through this study was that the teachers learned a lot about themselves and what they were capable of doing in the classroom; they learned that their peers struggled with similar issues and that out of this camaraderie, a solid support network could be established; and they learned that the multicultural classroom environment could be an asset to teaching and learning. 相似文献
12.
蔡丹 《昭通师范高等专科学校学报》2004,26(4):69-72
语言学习和语言习得在学习效果上存在一定的差异.在少儿英语教学中发展儿童语言运用能力的关键在于教师应结合儿童认知能力的发展,从语言信息输入定位、输入输出定位、教学顺序定位、情感因素过滤方面来创设语言习得环境. 相似文献
13.
吴祥云 《昭通师范高等专科学校学报》2003,25(3):84-89
语用学近年来越来越受到英语教学工作者的重视。越来越多的人开始采用旨在提高学生交际能力的语用教学，语用学对英语教师、英语学习者及其交际能力都起着十分重要的作用，语用学对解决一些在英语教学中长期存在的难题有着参考性的作用。 相似文献
14.
Sultan Turkan 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(15):2343-2369
The performance of English language learners (ELLs) has been a concern given the rapidly changing demographics in US K-12 education. This study aimed to examine whether students' English language status has an impact on their inquiry science performance. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was conducted with regard to ELL status on an inquiry-based science assessment, using a multifaceted Rasch DIF model. A total of 1,396 seventh- and eighth-grade students took the science test, including 313 ELL students. The results showed that, overall, non-ELLs significantly outperformed ELLs. Of the four items that showed DIF, three favored non-ELLs while one favored ELLs. The item that favored ELLs provided a graphic representation of a science concept within a family context. There is some evidence that constructed-response items may help ELLs articulate scientific reasoning using their own words. Assessment developers and teachers should pay attention to the possible interaction between linguistic challenges and science content when designing assessment for and providing instruction to ELLs. 相似文献
15.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether English language learners (ELLs) would increase their vocabulary scores in the areas of word recognition, word meaning, and word application when iPads were used during vocabulary instruction. Five third-grade ELLs, at risk of being diagnosed as having learning disabilities, participated in the study. All students demonstrated low test scores in learning vocabulary words during the baseline. During the intervention, 36 vocabulary words selected from the third-grade’s Dolch word list were taught and practiced using the iPad application Learning Touch, First Sight Words Pro. All students were assessed and their vocabulary scores increased in the areas of word recognition, word meaning, and word application. Using the iPad and iPad app appears to provide a potential avenue for ELLs in learning English vocabulary words. 相似文献
16.
Katya A. Karathanos 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(1):49-65
This study explored to what extent two groups of mainstream teachers in the Midwestern region of the USA with differing degrees of English language learner‐specific university preparation reportedly engaged in practices that incorporated the native languages of English language learner students in instruction. The study further examined specific strategies reported by mainstream teachers in promoting native language use in instruction as well as challenges identified in implementing this practice. The study used a mixed‐method design that included analyses of survey data from a quantitative study (n = 227) and qualitative analyses of teacher discourse from course documents and open‐ended survey questions. Findings indicated that while both groups of teachers reportedly engaged in practices that promoted native language use in instruction to some extent, teachers with at least three courses of English language learner‐specific university preparation appeared to engage in these practices to a much greater extent than those without such preparation. This paper explores the implications of results from this study for teacher education programmes in the USA with the responsibility of preparing teachers effectively to serve growing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse student populations. 相似文献
17.
Factors that contribute to the performance gap between subgroups and mainstream students deserve special attention. Different subgroups are faced with different sets of challenges. To understand and control for factors leading to the performance gap between subgroups and mainstream students one must clearly understand the issues specific to each subgroup. This paper focuses on assessment and performance issues for English language learner (ELL) students as a subgroup. Identifying factors affecting the performance gap between ELL and non-ELL students may help gain insight into assessment issues for other subgroups of students as well as strengthen assessment of this group. 相似文献
18.
This study examines collaboration between English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) teachers and content-area elementary school teachers, and makes the case for conceptualising teacher collaboration as an opportunity for shared teacher learning. Using a sociocultural theoretical lens, this study examines how three pairs of elementary teachers and ESOL specialists used and constructed tools for collaboration, which mediated and made visible teachers’ learning processes. Employing interpretive enquiry and cross-case analysis, we examined data from classroom observations, teacher co-planning sessions and interviews with teachers. Findings demonstrated that collaborating teachers used tools to articulate and reconceptualise teaching goals, co-construct knowledge and ultimately transform teaching practices to meet the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse students. This study has implications for teacher education and ongoing professional development, by shedding light on the potential affordances of collaborative tools for teacher learning. Findings suggest that teacher education could harness these opportunities for learning by incorporating collaboration between ESOL specialists and content-area teachers as an integral part of preparing more qualified teachers to work with culturally and linguistically diverse students. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(4):490-529
AbstractA two-cohort cluster-randomized trial was conducted to estimate effects of small-group supplemental vocabulary instruction for at-risk kindergarten English learners (ELs). Connections students received explicit instruction in high-frequency decodable root words, and interactive book reading (IBR) students were taught the same words in a storybook reading context. A total of 324 EL students representing 24 home languages and averaging in the 10th percentile in receptive vocabulary completed the study (Connections n = 163 in 75 small groups; IBR n = 161 in 72 IBR small groups). Although small groups in both conditions made significant immediate gains across all measures, Connections students made significantly greater gains in reading vocabulary and decoding (d =.64 and.45, respectively). At first-grade follow-up, longer-term gains were again greater for Connections students, but with smaller effect sizes (d =.29 and.27, respectively). Results indicate that explicit Connections instruction features designed to build semantic, orthographic, and phonological connections for word learning were effective for improving proximal reading vocabulary and general decoding; however, increases in root word reading vocabulary did not transfer to general vocabulary knowledge. 相似文献
20.
Laina Ho 《Children‘s Literature in Education》2000,31(4):259-271
This article investigates the possible role of children's literature in the education of adult learners of English. This three-year study on adult learners of English from the People's Republic of China shows that children's literature can be effective in teaching linguistic skills such as pronunciation practice and improving language acquisition. Using and reading children's literature is an initial step to developing literary competence, critical thinking, increasing knowledge, and multicultural understanding as well as exposing learners from developing countries to effective innovative educational methodology. Despite the limitations of children's literature—identification with child protagonists—it paves the way to developing literacy in adult literature. 相似文献