城市社会空间形态的转变与农民市民化

农民市民化是城市化整体进程中最为深刻的层面。上世纪90年代中期以来,随着我国大中城市城乡一体化发展的加快,在一些发达地区出现了景观城市化与农民市民化相脱节的现象,使农民市民化问题的重要性更为凸显。实际上,城市社会空间形态的转变与农民市民化之间具有十分密切的相互依存的关系．正是城乡一体化的发展,不断地促进社会空间格局从分散布局到空间体系的构筑、社会空间流动从地域凝固到空间开放的催化、社会空间治理从政区分割到区域联动的形成;而这一系列重大变化正深刻地表明,农民市民化既是城乡一体化发展的社会进程,同时也是城市形态变迁的空间过程。     

Troubling notions of risk: dissensus,dissonance, and making sense of students and learning

This article troubles constructions of ‘at-risk students.’ Utilizing Rancière's discussion of dissensus, the author first argues that what is at risk are not students but contemporary common sense notions of schooling. From this perspective, students' labeled as ‘at risk’ ways of knowing and being that interrupt ideas and ideals about the purpose and function of schooling. In order to make this argument, the author links Rancière and others' discussions of the importance of dissensus to questions of sense-making, the dangers of resonance in consensus, and the possibilities in the dissonance of dissensus. These assertions are then further complicated by the assertion that education is a necessarily risky endeavor and that all students should be placed at risk of learning. Understanding all students as at risk is significant as it simultaneously provides a space for students' complex constellations of identity to be treated with dignity in learning experiences and creates a less punitive context in which differences are less likely to be conceptualized as deficits.     

Social class (in)visibility and the professional experiences of middle-class novice teachers

This article focuses upon the classed and early professional experiences of middle-class novice teachers in England experiencing and contemplating working in schools serving socio-economically disadvantaged communities. Through an examination of the visibility and invisibility of social class in education set within an increasingly unequal and changed social landscape, the article reports upon research which seeks to better understand the class identities of these teachers. Evidence is presented of the key, yet complex, role that social class occupies within the working lives of new teachers and reveals the different ways in which teachers respond to the classed dimensions of their early professional experiences. It is concluded that the fundamentally important role that social class plays in terms of shaping early professional experiences in teaching suggests the need not only for a commensurately enhanced focus as part of early professional development, but also for attention that is sensitively attuned to the class identities of teachers.     

中国留澳学生语言实践与身份认同的关系研究

本文将Norton关于"身份认同"的定义及"二语投资理论"作为理论基础,以Miller的"语言使用-社会成员关系-社会环境"图表为分析工具,来阐述在动态多元的社会情境下,悉尼大学中国留学生中的CETers和non-CETers的语言实践与他们的身份认同之间的关系。通过分析比较这两类学生的语言实践情况的相似性和差异性,来研究社会背景是如何影响他们语言实践以及身份认同的。     

城乡统筹进程中农民群体社会身份的重构

城乡统筹的关键是重构农民群体的社会身份。改革开放以来,农民群体的社会身份已经步入一个解构和重构的过程。在城乡经济统筹政策背景下,农民群体社会身份重构的基本路径有四：政策性禁锢的解除;社会分类标准体系的更新;政治话语权的获取;农村经济实力的提升。     

Learning environments at the margin: Case studies of disenfranchised youth doing science in an aquarium and an after-school program

In this article, we explore how two informal educational contexts—an aquarium and an after-school science program—enabled disenfranchised learners to adopt an identity as insiders to the world of science. We tell the stories of four youth, relating what doing science meant to them and how they positioned themselves in relation to science. We contribute to the extensive literature on the value of learning beyond the school walls, yet focus on ethnically and linguistically diverse youth from low-income backgrounds who have often been excluded from such settings. We suggest that such out-of-school settings are particularly important to youth who have few other opportunities to interact with and relate to science in positive ways.     

四维空间下的社会结构与城市危机

通过空间属性与城市发展、资本逻辑下的城市四维空间衍化的分析,提出了极不稳定的空间格局极易被打破,从而导致以空间利益失衡为基本特征的＂城市危机＂,并进一步提出了中国城市空间变迁的危机与挑战。     

城市绿地系统的生态功能理论探索与实践--以重庆茶园新城区园林绿地系统规划为例

从城市绿地的生态机理入手,继而探讨了“绿心 绿网”的城市绿地布局模式,并通过重庆茶园新城区园林绿地系统规划实践,对城市绿地的生态学原理在绿地系统规划中的应用进行了探索。     

一国两城:京港80后青年专业人士的境遇

"一国两制"承诺香港的政治体制50年不变,这50年是香港与北京不同政体的融合,也贯穿了80后一代人生命中最辉煌的时段。运用质性和量化相结合的研究方法,研究发现京港两地80后青年专业人士在工作、生活领域都面临着缺乏向上流动的机会,常常选择辛勤工作的方式来克服"地位恐慌"。然而,京港两地专业人士对于是否给彼此带来竞争和威胁这一问题持不同观点,由于两地人才政策等因素,跨境工作人士难以融入当地生活。这些不同境遇的根源在于两地历史文化、政治制度和社会结构之间的差异。因此,京港双方应借助经济发展的平台,促进文化政治的交流和融合,以经济依存带动文化认同和身份认同。     

Transitioning in higher education: an exploration of psychological and contextual factors affecting student satisfaction

In view of recent changes in the higher education sector, such as increased tuition fees, a greater focus has been placed on widening participation initiatives and monitoring student satisfaction. The aims of the current study were twofold: (1) to explore whether pre-entry programmes foster successful transition to higher education, and (2) to examine longitudinally the factors associated with course satisfaction. Eighty-eight first-year psychology students completed a questionnaire measuring academic self-efficacy, social identity and student satisfaction at the start (Time 1, November 2015) and end (Time 2, March 2016) of the academic year. Findings indicated that students who participated in a pre-entry programme reported higher academic self-efficacy and satisfaction compared to typical route students. Moreover, academic self-efficacy predicted student satisfaction at the start of the academic year, whereas in-group affect (a facet of social identity) predicted this at the end of the academic year. The current findings indicate that pre-entry programmes may have a positive impact on students’ sense of academic self-efficacy. On a more general level, the findings also suggest that academic self-efficacy and social identity may be key indicators of student satisfaction. This highlights the complexities of the concept of ‘student satisfaction’, and demonstrates the utility of examining multiple factors relating to student satisfaction across different time points.     

困境与出路:地方农业高校青年教师综合能力培养——以M农业大学为例

青年教师是高校师资的后备力量,对推动高校人才培养和促进教学质量提升具有重要作用.为破解M农业大学青年教师综合能力培养存在的重引进轻培育、缺乏顶层设计、目标定位模糊、考评机制欠缺、考研精力不足、科研平台不足等困境,提出了不着眼于高配而着眼于标配、做好顶层设计、目标定位要明确、完善绩效考评机制、加强科研引导、加强科研平台建...     

经济福利、社会保障与国家认同——少数民族聚居地区社会保障的实证分析

国家认同是国家合法性的基石,加强边疆少数民族的国家认同建设,使国家认同强于或优于民族认同,是维护边疆安定、国家统一的必由之路.国家认同根源于经济基础与上层建筑的客观的社会关系,因此国家持续不断地推动经济发展,并使国民分享经济发展的福利应是国家认同建设的基础.社会保障制度因具有收入再分配功能以及维护社会稳定的功能,可以加强国民的经济福利认同,对边疆地区少数民族群体的国家认同建设具有重要意义.     

Weaving the threads of meaning: a characteristic of children's spirituality and its implications for religious education

Although well documented from a British perspective, empirical research exploring the spiritual lives of primary school children in the Australian context is a field in which scholarship is beginning to emerge. This article reports on one particular finding which emerged from an Australian study seeking to identify some characteristics of children's spirituality in Catholic primary schools. The characteristic has been termed weaving the threads of meaning. It describes the way in which the children who participated in this study appeared to use their sense of wonder as a means of expressing their spirituality by piecing together a worldview based around their attempts at meaning making. This article argues that the existence of this characteristic presents a challenge for religious education, in particular for those programmes which operate within faith schools where the Christian narrative forms a source of the authoritative wisdom to be handed on to its students.     

上山下乡知识青年户口迁移问题研究

20世纪60—70年代上山下乡运动中,知识青年的户口由城市迁到了农村。由于中国实行严格的户口迁移管理,广大知青很难再把户口迁回城市。这种状况一直持续到文革结束后。计划经济年代,由于城市户口与市民很多利益粘连,把户口与上山下乡运动捆绑起来,使知识青年丧失了城市人口身份,所以一开始就遭到他们的抵制,造成很多社会问题。从一定程度上来讲,把户口迁移与上山下乡运动捆绑起来,注定了这场逆城市化潮流而动,大规模地从城市往农村迁徙知识青年的所谓革命运动的失败。     

Theodore Roosevelt and the rhetoric of citizenship: On tour in new England, 1902

This study examines the speeches and events of Theodore Roosevelt's New England tour of 1902. Specifically, it looks at how Roosevelt developed a representative anecdote of the “good citizen” as a basis for his political philosophy and his advocacy of policy initiatives. This representative anecdote allowed Roosevelt's audiences to participate in the rhetorical situation as an enactment of the “good citizen” and thus provided a strong presence for Roosevelt's argument. Implications for understanding both Roosevelt's rhetoric as well as the concept of the rhetorical presidency are discussed.     

城乡结合区域青少年宗教意识的人类学考察——以兰州市红古区回族为例

对城乡结合区域回族青少年宗教意识的考察表明,城乡结合区域青少年受观念变化与"文化圈"等方面的影响,宗教意识呈现弱化的趋势.这一方面反映了回族群众努力适应社会发展,另一方面也表明伊斯兰教的传统文化和精神受到挑战.如何保护传承优秀的伊斯兰文化成为迫切的任务.     

Performers and postulates: the role of evolving socio-historical contexts in shaping new teacher professional identities

In this article we investigate the generative causes of variation in the professional identity of new teachers. Building on previous work that has shown a link between professional identity and socio-political context, we argue that the context experienced in late adolescence and early adulthood is particularly significant in shaping how beginning teachers think of themselves as teachers. This finding suggests that the linear response to neoliberal education reform described in much of the critical literature may be too simple to account for the range of ways teachers interact with the system. There is, therefore, a need for greater diversity in research approaches to work with the complexity of social systems in and around schools. To support this call for methodological diversity, we borrow the life story model of identity as a theoretical framework and use a computer-assisted phenomenographic analysis technique to find new ways into the research data.     

Racial Identity Theory and Peace Education: Tools for the Teacher In All of Us

As people develop a meaningful understanding of racism, they also experience shifts in their appraisals of self and others as members of an unfairly stratified society. Consistent with the premises of Helms' (1995) racial identity theory, these shifts can be explained as transformational processes that have relevance to matters of morality and peace advancement. Individuals who operate at advanced levels of racial identity development overcome the confinements inherent in a racism Zeitgeist and in so doing, learn to accept themselves and others more authentically. This theory can prove crucial to peace promotion in children because it espouses to nurture the integration of self within the broader spectrum of humanity. Educators who transform their selves can also transform their educational practices by disrupting cycles of socialization that adversely influence children's identity formation. They can also contribute to the creation of new structures of socialization. In this paper, I describe this theory and how it applies to peace education.     

Exploring the heterogeneity of class in higher education: social and cultural differentiation in Danish university programmes

This paper examines the relationship between social background, choice of university programme and academic culture among Danish university students. Statistically and sociologically, university students are often treated as a homogeneous group, but the ever-increasing number of students in higher education demands a closer examination of the hidden heterogeneity in the students’ social origin and educational strategies. Using a mixed-method approach (register data and ethnographic observations and interviews) the paper focuses on the students’ class origins and on different cultural practices in three Danish university programmes. It is shown that the Danish university field is characterized by a significant variation in social selectivity from programme to programme, and it is argued that these different social profiles correspond with distinctively different cultural practices in the programmes. Correspondingly, the students have distinctively different strategies towards education and future work life.     

Talking back to power: snowballs in hell and the imperative of insisting on structural explanations

This viewpoint explores and shares our experience of ‘doing’ feminism in the context of its apparent ‘demise’. We were recently invited to attend an event at the Cabinet Office, to ‘discuss the impact aspirations and expectations within the community have on the educational achievement of young people in deprived areas’. The seminar was entitled, ‘Expert Seminar with the Minister for the Cabinet Office: Community Aspirations and Educational Attainment’. Appalled, both at the grammar (!), and the deficit account implications underpinning the Cabinet Office Invitation, we made contact with one another, and agreed that we would attend the seminar with the specific intention of challenging this discursive premise. We seek to use this Viewpoint to reflect on the experience in relation to academic activism and ‘speaking back’, as well as to take the opportunity to re‐state a few of the key points that detonate the deficit discourse in relation to the educational attainment of working‐class pupils.