北京市交通学校部分专业及毕业生推荐

北京市交通学校是国家重点中专学校、北京市教委批准的首批"现代化标志性学校".建校43年来,学校承担着为首都交通行业培养中等技术人才和管理人才的任务,毕业生遍布汽车维修、汽车服务、公路建设、物流管理、高速公路管理等各个领域,许多毕业生已成为生产技术、管理方面的骨干,深受用人单位的好评.近年来,在北京市乃至全国举办的各种职业技能大赛中,该校毕业生以及在校生也均有出色的表现.     

专业学位研究生教育课程教学若干问题思索

课程教学是实现专业学位研究生培养目标最主要途径之一。把握专业学位研究生教育课程教学的内涵与特点,厘清课程教学在专业学位研究生培养中的主体地位,有助于正确理解专业学位研究生教育培养特色及其核心特征。     

1265: An examination of some of the management implications of directed time

This enquiry seeks to establish how some secondary school headteachers have directed their DEs‐prescribed allocation of 1265 hours. Investigations focus particularly on those management processes used to determine the budget, the measures employed to ensure a flexibility in a budget once it has been defined, and some effects of budgeting on meetings. The allocation of hours to specific school tasks is scrutinized and the authors conclude with recommendations and suggestions for improving budgeting decisions in the future.     

北京商贸学校部分专业及毕业生推荐

北京商贸学校是一所国家级优秀重点中专学校和首批北京市职业教育现代化标志学校.2000年、2002年、2003年先后被市政府和教育部授予"职业教育综合督导评估优秀学校"、"全国职业教育先进单位"和"全国职业技术学校职业指导工作先进学校"称号.     

True directed forgetting in pigeons may occur only when alternative working memory is required on forget-cue trials

Results of directed-forgetting research with pigeons are difficult to interpret because of alternative nonmemorial accounts of performance decrements and important procedural differences from comparable research with humans. Prior research has noted the absence of directed forgetting when artifacts have been removed (e.g., nonreward following forget cues and differences in response patterns on remember and forget trials in training). In this article, it is argued that, in human directed-forgetting research, presentation of a forget cue allows for the reallocation of memory maintenance to items to be remembered. In the present experiment, true directed forgetting is found when nonmemorial performance decrements are eliminated and forget cues allow for the reallocation of sample memory to test-relevant cues.     

Joining the Learning Society and working in the NHS: some issues

In this paper we discuss the concept of the Learning Society in relation to staff working in the NHS (National Health Service) and taking part in formal courses. We outline the changing context within the NHS and draw on evidence from interviews with 38 participants on two courses. While motives for participation in courses were mixed, many staff felt under some pressure to engage in formal courses and in some cases undertook work‐related training in their own time and at their own expense. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for the development of a Learning Society.     

Why some distance education programs fail while others succeed in a global environment

Many universities increase their recruiting efforts to reach a larger and more diverse audience. Some universities also extend their reach with cross-border initiatives and seek international students in order to promote enrollment growth and global learning. The economic potential of distance education and academic globalization has attracted numerous higher education providers, many of which operate on a for-profit basis. The result is an increase in competition for students, which leads to added pressure on universities to control costs and rising tuition. Those online programs unable to successfully adapt to this competitive environment are at risk of failing. This article draws from the research literature and US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings to examine seven important factors that help determine the success or failure of online programs. These factors are planning, marketing and recruitment, financial management, quality assurance, student retention, faculty development, and online course design and pedagogy.     

Evaluating individualized educational programs: A recommendation and some programmatic implications

The character of urban schools and the practices of school personnel have been influenced by a variety of sociopolitical factors. Currently, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (P.L. 94–142) is having impact on schools in general and especially on urban schools, which typically have many students affected by this law. This paper describes certain aspects of the law which have posed problems for schools, and makes suggestions about how such problems can be resolved. Schools are required to identify goals and to evaluate educational progress on anindividual student basis. This requirement can be met by using the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) technique. Using an illustrative GAS-modified individualized educational program (IEP), advantages and disadvantages of this technique are discussed. Certain potential problems are identified and suggestions made so that administrators and other school personnel can be successful in their attempts to comply with requirements to evaluate educational progress in conjunction with IEPs.     

The preparation of highly motivated and professionally competent teachers in initial teacher education

Education systems around the world need to recruit highly motivated individuals to become teachers and prepare professionally competent teacher education graduates to take up these broadened and deepened roles and responsibilities with a deep and lasting engagement to the profession. This article reports on a mixed-methods study that examines types of teaching motivation in relation to various facets of professional competence and planned engagement in future teaching. One hundred and thirty-two student teachers of a postgraduate diploma in education programme participated in the quantitative survey of whom seven were interviewed. The quantitative data analysis shows the positive association between ‘intrinsic–altruistic motivation constellation’ and selected facets of professional competence, with ‘intrinsic–multifaceted and stimulating job nature’ as the most distinctive type of teaching motivation. To complement the quantitative findings, the qualitative data analysis reveals two professional orientations of the ‘intrinsic–altruistic motivation constellation’, namely (1) student-centred orientation and (2) subject-centred orientation. In addition, three types of professional development aspirations are identified: ‘classroom engaged careerists’, ‘highly engaged persisters’ and ‘pessimists’. The study provides insights into the design of appropriate ITE practices to support professional learning in the light of student teachers’ motivations. It also suggests the importance of matching career opportunities and beginning teachers’ professional development aspirations and supporting ‘pessimists’ in the face of the stringent job market.     

Current Concerns in Validity Theory

We are at the end of the first century of work on models of educational and psychological measurement and into a new millennium. This certainly seems like an appropriate time for looking backward and looking forward in assessment. Furthermore, a new edition of the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (AERA, APA, & NCME, 1999) has been published, and the previous editions of the Standards have served as benchmarks in the development of measurement theory.
This backward glance will be just that, a glance. After a brief historical review focusing mainly on construct validity, the current state of validity theory will be summarized, with an emphasis on the role of arguments in validation. Then how an argument-based approach might be applied will be examined in regards to two issues in validity theory: the distinction between performance-based and theory-based interpretations, and the role of consequences in validation.     

美学的当代性关切

美学必须抗衡科技理性和工具理性的宰制,关切现实性的审美问题,回答世俗世界的提问和挑战,以诗性思维重构美学意义的神话信仰和宗教意识,建立新的童话和寓言的话语世界,维护民族的集体记忆和传统价值。唯有此,才能保证我们审美活动的当代性价值与意义。     

Examining professional learning and the preparation of professionally competent teachers in initial teacher education

The relative contributions of higher education and schools, and hence the conceptual and practical aspects of ITE, to student teachers’ professional learning have been an issue of concern in teacher education. This article reports a mixed-methods study showing the relationship between student teachers’ engagement with the practical and conceptual aspects of a Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE) Programme in Hong Kong and different facets of their perceived professional competence. One hundred and thirty-two student teachers participated in the quantitative survey of whom seven were interviewed. The findings reveal that experiences associated with learning the pragmatic facets of professional practice were more valued by student teachers compared to learning the conceptual aspects of ITE. Yet, in terms of relationship with professional competence, student teachers’ engagement with the practical aspects of ITE was related to competence in classroom teaching, whereas their engagement with the conceptual aspects contributed to their mastery of professional knowledge, competence in classroom teaching and competence in interacting with stakeholders. The study illuminates the distinctive contributions of schools and higher education in ITE. While acknowledging the important role of schools in providing a setting for practical work, this study affirms the distinctive contribution of higher education in equipping student teachers with practical and conceptual tools in the preparation of professionally competent teachers.     

《推销员之死》的伦理关怀

《推销员之死》是阿瑟·米勒的代表作。本文试图从伦理的视角来分析主人公失败的原因。威利是传统伦理文化和资本主义文化的混合体,而这两者之间充满了矛盾性,从而导致了主人公以自杀来无意识地维护和实践传统文化中对儿子成功的观念和维护自己尊严。     

对女性生命意识的关怀--论陈染、林白、海男的小说创作

以强烈的女性先锋意识致力于创造一个属于自己的小说艺术世界,在这个女人特有的世界里,男性的主宰地位不是被放逐就是遭到无情的拆解和颠覆。这些带有鲜明的女性性别特征的作品,致力于突出女性作家的文化身份和个性特征,在某些方面颇为接近西方女权主义的女性阶段,这一领域以陈染、林白、海男等为代表。     

Concerns of Beginning Counselor Trainees

The concerns of beginning counselor trainees were factor analyzed. The analysis yielded five distinct variables about which trainees expressed concerns: whether clients liked the counselor, counselor adequacy, counselor role, counseling techniques, and client needs. The relative importance of the concern variables, the specific items that trainees rated of greatest concern, and the implications of these findings for counselor educators are presented.     

Concerns of new university teachers

Eighty-one newly appointed university teachers at the University of Copenhagen were interviewed about their concerns in connection with their forthcoming class-room début. It appeared that most of them had some previous teaching experience. Only one out of four had never taught before. Primary among their concerns ranked problems with their personal subject matter adequacy and with organizing and verbally presenting subject matter in an adequate form. A comparison of their chief concerns with the content components that are most frequently included in education courses for University staff, suggests that some of the latter have little relevance for specifically beginner teachers. A particular analysis of inexperienced new teachers relative to those with ample previous experience unequivocally supports the assumption that inexperienced new teachers are primarily ego-centered in their concerns whilst their more experienced colleagues are primarily teaching- or student-centered in their concerns about teaching. The implications for the design of training programmes for university staff are discussed.     

Learning to teach: some perceptions of trainee teachers of mathematics on working collaboratively in the classroom

This paper examines trainees' perceptions of the impact, on secondary mathematics trainees, of collaborative school‐based work involving small groups of trainees, a university tutor and a class teacher. The findings suggest that trainees' become better able to plan and deliver a coherent yet diverse sequence of lessons, that their awareness of children's learning styles and misconceptions was raised and that preconceived notions about teaching and learning were challenged and mediated. A few trainees found the experience unhelpful and threatening. The role of the tutor was found to influence trainees' responses to the program and, to an extent, moderate the effects of variations in teacher involvement. Some implications are discussed.     

生涯视角下的闲暇教育与教师个性化发展

本文从生涯发展指导出发,尝试将教师有意义的闲暇生活作为个体发展"促进因子",重新审视教师工作域中的专业发展。在平衡好教师工作和生活的基础上,推动教师由"学校人"到"整体人"的转型,探究以闲暇教育推动教师个性化发展,以期为促进学校发展研究提供一种新路向。