美国高校学生资助政策变革及其效应

金融危机曾令美国高校财政紧缩、学费上涨、学生的财政资助需求激增;同时又令学生债务负担加重,还贷率降低,特别是收紧的贷款市场使执行中的学生贷款项目陷于困境。美国联邦政府采取了变革性的应对政策:一是颁布新法案;二是接管学生贷款事务;三是优化多种学生资助方案。在经济逐渐复苏的今天其政策效应已经显现:学生资助额和覆盖面扩大,公立高校学杂费净值降低,政府直接放贷反而节省了公共资金。这样的政策效应正是我国高校学生资助事业所急切需要的。     

确保助学资金及时发放、专款专用

新的家庭经济困难学生资助政策具有覆盖面广、资助比例高、投入力度大等特点,覆盖我省80多所高校和1023所中等职业学校。其中,高校国家励志奖学金每年将奖励资助约2.8万名家庭经济困难学生,约占在校生总数的3%;高校国家助学金平均资助面为20%,每年将资助约18.6万名家庭经济困难学生。新设立的中等职业教育国家助学金,每年将资助84万名全日制在校农村学生和城市家庭经济困难学生,约占在校生总数的90%。各级财政安排的支出将由上年的3亿多元增加到今年秋季的9亿元,明年将增加到18亿     

20世纪30年代经济危机对美国高等教育的影响

20世纪30年代的经济危机给美国高等教育造成了深刻的影响,主要表现为高校在校生人数减少,学生选择发生变化,高校收入大幅下降。为缓解经济萧条对高等教育的影响,政府采取了一系列措施,如增加教育拨款、学生资助等,并取得了良好的效果。当前由美国次贷危机引发的金融危机正日益蔓延。因此,系统总结20世纪30年代经济危机对美国高等教育的影响和措施,对我国高等教育事业的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

提高管理水平，把新的资助政策落到实处——确保助学资金及时发放、专款专用

新的家庭经济困难学生资助政策具有覆盖面广、资助比例高、投入力度大等特点,覆盖我省80多所高校和1023所中等职业学校。其中,高校国家励志奖学金每年将奖励资助约2．8万名家庭经济困难学生,约占在校生总数的3％;高校国家助学金平均资助面为20％,每年将资助约18．6万名家庭经济困难学生。新设立的中等职业教育国家助学金,每年将资助84万名全日制在校农村学生和城市家庭经济困难学生,约占在校生总数的90％。各级财政安排的支出将由上年的3亿多元增加到今年秋季的9亿元,明年将增加到18亿元。     

金融危机中的美国高等教育财政

金融危机的影响已波及到美国高等教育领域.政府削减拨款、捐赠收入减少以及学生贷款紧缩使美国高等教育财政面临严峻挑战.对此美国政府采取了扩大投入等措施,高校也采取各种"开源"和"节流"的举措加以应对.     

美国高等教育成本、价格和学生资助——基于国会指令下的调研

在学费上涨引起公众普遍担忧的背景下,上个世纪末,美国国会指令了两项大规模的高校成本、价格和学生资助的研究.研究报告确认了高校财务理论框架,澄清了高校成本、价格和学生资助的概念,考察了它们的变化趋势和相互关系,分析了成本和学费提高的原因.美国的研究对我国有启发.     

美国金融危机对美国大学生贷款的影响

在美国多数学生靠贷款上大学已经成为一个普遍现象.在当前金融危机的影响下,银行的不良贷款已经影响到了美国大学生的贷款,学生贷款的资金来源短缺成为全社会尤其是高等学校必须面对的问题.美国政府和各高校正在积极应对这一学生贷款危机.     

稳定高校食堂价格 各省频出“奇招”

高校学生食堂的价格和质量一直是影响高校和社会稳定的一个重要因素。为应对物价上涨对学生食堂造成的影响,各有关方面始终在积极采取措施稳定学生食堂饭菜的价格——财政部、教育部、人力资源和社会保障部从2010年秋季学期起,将普通高等学校国家助学金平均资助标准从原来的年生均2000元提高到3000元;10多个省(区、市)的财政部门下拨了对学生食堂     

美国低收入家庭学生高等教育入学机会：历史·现状·展望

尽管从20世纪60年代以来,美国开始重视低收入家庭学生的高等教育入学机会,但是,当前美国高等教育入学机会与家庭收入相关的代沟反而扩大了。美国禾同收入家庭学生高等教育入学机会的差异主要体现在高校入学准备、就读高校类型和财政资助获得等三方面。在未来,一些因素将进一步限制美国低收入家庭学生的高等教育入学机会,因此,美国高校、州和联邦政府必须联合起来改善这种状况。     

美国大学陷入“资助危机”奖学金竞争将更激烈

金融危机对美国大学的影响正逐步显现。由于美国大学很大部分的费用是来自校友、机构捐助，而受金融危机影响，这些捐助锐减，由此不少美国大学陷入了资助的危机。与此同时，统计显示2009年申请资助的美国学生再增一成。对此，专家预言，对于国际学生来说，申请美国大学资助的难度将比预料的大很多，在奖学金方面的竞争也将异常激烈。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.