源于课文、超出课文的读文思维状态--三论原形阅读和超原形阅读

读文思维状态按阅读者的思维是否与课文思维流动方向一致而分为“原形阅读”和“超原形阅读”。超原形阅读是阅读者先触摸作者文思,然后跳出作者文思,根据阅读者已有的知识参照系对课文某一局部作观察和思考。课文被想象成由许多方面合成的综合体,可作形式与内涵两方面的各种解析,从而获得清晰而深刻的超原形阅读印象。“超原形阅读”概念有助于广大语文教师在新的深度上认识读文教学。     

Neuroscience and Education: Blind Spots in a Strange Relationship

This article—mainly referring to the situation in Germany—consists of three parts. In a first section the current presence of neurosciences in the public discourse will be described in order to illuminate the background which is relevant for contemporary educational thinking. The prefix ‘neuro‐’ is ubiquitous today and therefore concepts like ‘neuropedagogy’ or ‘neurodidactics’ seem to be in the mainstream of modern thinking. In the second part of the article the perspective changes from the public discourse to the disciplinary discourse; a brief excursus into developmental psychiatry, neuropsychology and modern psychoanalysis will be made in order to demonstrate how the results of neuroscientific research are integrated in their theoretical frameworks. These three disciplines have no difficulty in integrating neuroscientific findings because each of them possesses a systematic core composed of ‘native concepts’. In contrast to them, educational theory has much more difficulty with such integration, as will be shown in the third part of the essay. On the one hand, neuroscientific thinking seems to be able to dominate education rather easily and without great resistance, especially in the fields of early childhood education, instruction and learning—mainly by simplifying educational processes and by reducing the complexity of the educational task to a mere ‘relationship problem’. On the other hand, this attraction of neuroscience in education might be understood as the reflection of a theoretical deficit in educational theory itself, with the significance of affect and emotion not receiving proper attention.     

关于新形势下党外干部选拔的思考

改革开放的持续、有效的发展,我国已真正、全面迈入现代化的发展时期,政治文明建设是我国现代化的基本任务之一.党领导下的多党合作制度是我国极具特色和行之有效的政治制度,也是我国政治民主化的重要载体.完善这一制度,赋予其时代内涵,是我国民主政治稳妥、有序、合理推进的有效方式,党外干部选拔的常态化、制度化、科学化是这个系列工程的重要一环.     

成人依恋与心理健康问题研究

本文回顾成人依恋在心理健康领域取得的相关研究成果,即成人依恋与抑郁、人格障碍和精神病等的关系,以及依恋与昼问题之间的联系机制,并探讨该领域将来需要深入研究的问题。     

试论集体主义伦理原则的形成与组织性依附的关系

集体主义是社会主义道德的基本原则，考察共和国建立以后的中国社会现实尤其是中国特殊的社会结构，可以了解集体主义在历史上的获得过程，通过集体主义这一原则与组织性依附的关系的说明，明确 “单位性集体主义了”的概念，揭示出改革开放以前集体主义产生的背景及其运作机制，以期对集体主义原则的历史价值和现实意义作出合理的解释。     

成人依恋风格及其与主观幸福感的关系

用亲密关系体验量表(ECR)和总体幸福感量表(GWB)对244名成年人进行测试,以考察已脱离原生家庭独立生活的成年人的依恋风格,并探讨依恋风格与主观幸福感之间的关系.结果为:①回避维度平均数和标准差为3.08±0.90,焦虑维度平均数和标准差为3.45±0.83;依恋类型分别为安全型29.9％,恐惧型36.4％,专注型14.7％,冷漠型19％.②依恋回避和依恋焦虑均与主观幸福感有显著负性相关.安全型依恋的主观幸福感水平比非安全依恋要高,显著高于恐惧型和专注型,但与冷漠型差异不显著.由此可看出,成人依恋风格与主观幸福感有较强相关,依恋安全能较好地预测高主观幸福感.     

大学生依恋类型与心理健康的关系

通过使用亲密关系体验问卷和症状自评量表（SCL-90）对215名大学生进行了调查,探讨了大学生依恋类型与其心理健康之闻的关系。研究表明大学生依恋类型与其心理健康之间有密切关系。其中专注型男女在躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性和其他因素上存在显著差异,冷漠型男女只在抑郁上存在显著差异;只有恐惧型恋爱与没有恋爱在人际关系、敌对、精神病性和其他因素上存在显著差异;安全型与不安全型只有在躯体化水平上差异不显著,在其他各水平上均达到显著。     

The Relationship of Psychological Separation and Parental Attachment to the Career Maturity of College

This study was designed to investigate how psychological separation and parental attachment are related to career maturity separately and simultaneously and to investigate the influence of gender on the relationships among these variables. Subjects were 82 single white college freshmen from intact families. Data analysis using a canonical correlation analysis revealed that although psychological separation is relevant, parental attachment plays a more important role in career maturity. The relationship among the variables did not differ for men and women. The implications of this study for theory and counseling practice are discussed and recommendations for future research are presented.     

英、汉语言文化中的礼貌套语

这篇文章将从语用学的社会语言学（sociolinguistics of pragmatics)的角度出发比较并分析英语两种不同文化背境中的一些惯用礼貌套语（politeness expression),例如,恭维、问候、道别、邀请、馈赠等等。它企图基于前人的研究结果从而揭示英汉文化中语言交际的礼貌差异。通过分析,指出它在跨文化交际（cross-cultural communication)中的意义。该文还提出另一种特具汉语特色的礼貌现象,作为有关汉语礼貌现象研究的补充。     

大学生成人依恋、元情绪与成就动机的关系

随机整群抽取721名在校大学生,对其施测亲密关系量表、特质元情绪量表和成就动机量表,以探讨成人依恋、元情绪和成就动机的相互关系.结果表明:(1)依恋焦虑、依恋回避、元情绪在性别、年级、专业上不存在显著差异,而追求成功与避免失败两维度在专业上存在显著差异;(2)元情绪在依恋回避与成就动机之间起完全中介的作用,即依恋回避通过元情绪间接影响成就动机.     

陇南市农村小学课外校外体育资源现状与开发利用

陇南市农村小学课外校外体育活动内容单一,活动处于无组织、无指导的状态.课外校外体育资源开发所涉及到的安全、组织和时间等问题没有得到很好解决,以至丰富的本地课外校外资源和体育课堂不能有效结合起来.针对上述问题,探讨了陇南市农村小学课外校外体育资源开发利用的对策并提出了建议.     

大学生依恋类型与网络成瘾倾向关系

用Rartholomew和Horowitz编制的RQ关系问卷对洛阳市220名大学生进行四种依恋类型划分,并采用Young编制的IAII网络成瘾自评量表对这些大学生进行网络成瘾倾向测定,以考查大学生依恋类型与网络成瘾倾向的关系。结果表明：洛阳市大学生的依恋类型和网络成瘾倾向均不存在性别差异,但是都存在学历上的差异;不同依恋类型的大学生的网络成瘾倾向差异显著;不安全型依恋尤其是害怕型依恋和倾注型依恋的大学生较于安全型依恋大学生更易形成网络使用不当行为。     

社区护理校外实训基地现状与存在问题及对策

实训基地是培养应用型护理专业技术人才的关键和核心。文章以社区护理校外实训基地现状为切入点,分析了社区护理校外实训基地存在的问题,并提出相应对策进行探讨,以期为护理专业教学改革提供一定的理论和实践借鉴意见。     

中学生依恋与自我决定学习动机的相关分析

采用学习自我调节问卷和父母、同伴依恋问卷,对619名中学生进行的问卷调查表明:中学生依恋质量总体较好,不同来源的依恋具有明显的相关关系,亲子依恋能有效预测同伴依恋;中学生以自我决定学习动机为主,其依恋与自我决定学习动机存在显著的正相关,说明依恋质量越高,自我决定学习动机的自主性水平越高;不同来源依恋对中学生自我决定学习动机具有预测作用,父子依恋与同伴依恋对自我决定学习动机的影响具有交互作用。     

经济全球化条件下的对外开放与经济安全

本认为,马克思在对世界历史问题分析基础上提出的跨越资本主义制度“卡夫丁峡谷”的思想,是我国在经济全球化条件下进行进一步扩大开放的理论依据,在经济全球化条件下,要搞好对外开放必须加强经济安全,这就必须做到：了解两个环境,注意避免两种错误倾向,正确处理好三个关系。     

Are Insecure-Avoidant Infants with Extensive Day-Care Experience Less Stressed by and More Independent in the Strange Situation?

In order to test the hypothesis that elevated ratings of avoidance and classifications of insecure-avoidant attachments of infants with extensive infant day-care histories may be the result of the fact that children with routine experiences of separation are less stressed by, and more independent in, the Strange Situation than more traditionally reared infants, 2 groups of 12-month-old infants with insecure-avoidant attachments were compared on 2 behavioral indices in each reunion-with-mother episode of the Strange Situation. 9 infants experienced less than 20 hours per week of nonparental care in their first year, and 11 infants experienced 20 or more hours of care. Contrary to propositions advanced by Clarke-Stewart, Thompson, and others, insecure-avoidant infants with extensive nonparental care experience whimpered, fussed, and cried more and engaged in object play less in each reunion episode than their insecure-avoidant counterparts with less nonparental care experience. These results are discussed in terms of the recent controversy surrounding infant day-care in the United States.