Standardised curriculum and hermeneutics: the case of Australian vocational educators

Curriculum theorists have acknowledged the relevance of ‘hermeneutics’, or theory of interpretation and understanding, to curriculum studies. In the European ‘Didaktik’ tradition hermeneutics has also been applied to the curriculum work of educators, but such an extension is rarer in the Anglo-American tradition. Educators in the latter tradition are expected to implement rather than actively interpret standardised curriculum. However, working with standardised curriculum is a process rich with hermeneutic significance. In this paper educator work with one form of standardized curriculum, so-called ‘competency-based’ education, is investigated. The touchstone of this investigation is a small study of educator curriculum interpretation practices in the Australian vocational education system, a system that allows educators very little scope to exercise professional autonomy with respect to the content of learning. Wilhelm Dilthey’s seminal hermeneutic theory is used to analyse the interpretative work of these educators. The paper foregrounds the complexity of this hermeneutic practice and challenges the assumption that the interpretation of standardised curriculum is a straightforward process. The argument is made that Australia’s vocational education system underestimates the hermeneutic dimension of educator work and further complicates the process by promulgating a textual form that is hermeneutically ambiguous.     

Parent–child reading in English as a second language: Effects on language and literacy development of Chinese kindergarteners

This study investigated the effects of dialogic parent–child reading in English on 51 Hong Kong kindergarteners learning English as a second language. Children were pre‐tested on nonverbal IQ, reading interest and receptive vocabulary, word reading and phonological awareness in both Chinese and English. They were then assigned randomly to one of three conditions involving different levels of parent–child interactions: dialogic reading (DR), typical reading (TR) or control. Though inter‐group comparisons showed nonsignificant interaction effects across time among the three groups, intra‐group gains across the 12‐week intervention suggested that parent–child reading could enhance English word reading skills, while dialogic reading could promote phonological awareness in both Chinese and English. These results highlight the potential benefits of English parent–child reading and dialogic reading on children learning English as a second language, and the possibility of linguistic transfer from parent–child reading in English as a second language to Chinese as a first language.     

Deconstructing immigrant girls’ identities through the production of visual narratives in a Catalan urban primary school

In this article, the research findings of a deconstructive visual ethnography focused on the production of immigrant girls’ identities will be analysed. This collaborative research project involved experimentation with a dialogic curriculum aimed at creating diverse identity narratives with immigrant girls at an urban primary school in Barcelona. Using a theory of subjectivity based on feminist post‐structuralism and subaltern studies, I will deconstruct: (1) the role of ‘subjugated knowledges’ when the curriculum is used to rewrite children’s cross‐cultural narratives; (2) the production of local/global children’s identities through the interaction between ethnic, racial, gender, age and social class subjective and learning positions; and (3) the creation of new curricular spaces and times in which differences are empowered and distance is transformed between schools and families, public and private knowledge, official and subaltern identities, as well as between teaching and research.     

解释学在“马克思与正义”问题上的运用及其启示

"马克思与正义"问题,争论由来已久,且至今没有定论。究其原因,很大程度是由于在理解"马克思与正义"问题的相关文本时发生了理解上的偏差,发生了主体性错位、存在各自的前理解不同、解释学循环不同,以及理解的间距不同等原因的结果。因此,为更好地理解某一作品,避免理解上的偏差,需要掌握解释学原理,树立正确的解释学意识,以便在理解作品时,尽量按作品本意来理解作品。     

Waiting for Gabriel: Philosophical literacy and teacher education

Abstract

The author presents a case for expanding the philosophical literacy of preservice teachers. It is argued here that increasing the philosophical literacy in teacher education programs will enable teachers to think deliberatively and, consequently, reflectively on the exigencies of their practice. For example, through guided experience with philosophy of education, preservice teachers can gain familiarity with the hermeneutics of inter‐subjectivity, thus making them better able to communicate and understand their own students and their families. The author uses John Dewey's pragmatic ideas about reflection, hermeneutics, and equity as examples of how philosophical literacy can guide preservice teachers’ professional contemplation.     

用存在去解释和对存在的解释——海德格尔存在论文艺观和解释学文艺观的相互依存性

海德格尔哲学中存在论与解释学的相互依存性，决定了其存在论文艺观与解释学文艺观的相互依存性：文艺本质用存在去解释，对文艺作品的批评则是去解释其中的存在。这也就是解释学的循环结构的体现。海德格尔存在论与解释学的相互依存性决定了其文艺观的主观性和片面性。     

阐释学视角中的文学翻译

阐释学是一种探求意义理解和解释的科学。阐释学理论关于“理解历史性”、“效果历史”、“视野融合”的论述强调了译者对原文的理解和翻译过程中所起的作用。翻译是艺术的再创造,是一种语言文化的互动活动。     

教师课程理解的生存论意蕴——哲学解释学的视角

教师课程理解是存在于教育实践中的一种普遍现象。基于哲学解释学的视角,教师课程理解并非仅是作为达成课程目标的一种手段或工具,旨在实现对课程文本中课程设计者原意的复原,而是在事实上构成了教师生命存在的重要方式;教师对课程文本的理解是一个视域融合的过程,"先见"构成了理解的基础和前提,通过理解最终所实现的则是课程意义的不断创生。     

哲学解释学视角下学生与课程的关系

在哲学解释学视角下,学生与课程之间是一种全新的关系:学生持有前理解,使课程的生成充满无限的开放性;学生成为课程主体,凸显课程的意义与价值;理解与建构课程是主体间视界融合的过程;学生即课程。     

特雷西的诠释学科学观评析

科学主义把科学视为纯粹客观的，特雷西则认为科学具有无可置疑的诠释性，这种诠释是通过语言途径来达到的，特雷西以科学具有诠释学性质来批判传统的客观主义科学观，自有其积极的意义，然而，对科学的诠释性理解不能也不应彻底否定科学的客观性。     

A narrative exploration of how curricula for children with profound and multiple learning difficulties shape and are shaped by the practices of their teachers

This article presents the findings of a study that asked teachers to narrate their interactions with learners from the perspective of the curriculum that the school adopted. Thirteen female teachers, employed at eight special secondary schools for children with profound and multiple learning difficulties in England, participated in the research. They narrated their experiences, which were consequently subject to phenomenological hermeneutic analysis. All the teachers displayed a high degree of individuality and conceptualised their work not straightforwardly as teaching the espoused curriculum, but rather as they themselves being the ‘curriculum‐in‐action’, with their practice lying alongside and only obliquely cognisant of their school's explicit provision. The narratives disclosed ongoing conflict with school leaders being interpreted as a threat to their specific pedagogic practices as well as their professionalism. The research raises questions about the ability of the ‘special curriculum’ to be truly responsive to pupils' needs within this complex pedagogical environment.     

比较诗学与中国诠释学的创建

比较诗学与中国诠释学的创建是目前中国学术界比较关注的两个问题。比较诗学与哲学诠释学乃是基于相同的哲学思潮,它们都是对盛行于19世纪的唯科学主义和实证主义的反思和超越。在中国诠释学的创建过程中,我们一方面要借鉴西方诠释学的理论,以其作为学术参照,另一方面要从中国诠释传统的实际出发,对于在中国诠释历史中所形成的章句之学、训诂学、考据学、目录学等学科有充分的认识和使用,从而创建出立足于中国诠释传统的诠释学理论。这样一种研究的方式和思路对于中国比较诗学的发展无疑有着极大的启示作用。比较文学中国学派所要求的独特研究方法有可能就体现在创建中国诠释学的过程中,创建中国诠释学也很有可能会成为中国比较诗学发展中可以参照的一个成功范例。从另一方面看,比较诗学也为中国诠释学的创建提供了比较的视域,而中国诠释学的创建对比较诗学有重大的启示意义。两者互相联系、互相影响,共同为中国传统文化走向未来、走向世界提供了学科基础和理论自觉。     

阐释学理论观照下的翻译研究

作为一种研究意义理解和阐释的理论,阐释学的历史由来已久。与此同时,阐释学翻译观则致力于从哲学层面解释和理解翻译现象。文章通过对阐释学理论的相关梳理,发掘其对翻译研究带来的启示。     

Rethinking Taiwanese nationality and subjectivity: implications from language issues in colonial Taiwan in the 1920s

This historical study reflects on history curriculum debates over the last 20 years in Taiwan. To open up possibilities for contemporary Taiwanese to rethink themselves in terms of national culture and subjectivity, this paper explores the construction of Taiwanese subjectivity in the past. It focuses on the history of Taiwan under Japanese occupation as a key issue in history curriculum debates. Particularly, it examines language issues in the 1920s, an important theme in the histories of the formation of Taiwanese consciousness, ideology, and cultural nationalism during the Japanese colonial period. Rather than addressing issues of identity (national or cultural), identifying who Taiwanese really were, or looking for Chinese or Taiwanese consciousness, this study explores how meanings of “Taiwanese” in the 1920s under Japanese occupation were constructed in the discourse of language reform for civilisation. The analysis of the New Culture Movement discourse suggests that the classical Chinese language of Hànwén as a valuable cultural resource and flexible linguistic instrument played an essential role in constituting Taiwanese subjectivities that shaped Taiwanese practices of the self for distinctive civilisation.     

Understanding visual and intertextual approaches in pedagogical and curriculum research: a pretext

In our globalised and hypertexual world, representations of curriculum reform are highly visual. The material world of these practices can be analysed through visual research methods. This paper is a pretext developed to explain the elements of the visual and intertextual approaches that can be applied in researching inclusive education through a curriculum focus. The pretext selectively situates recent developments in educational research that use visual methods as a part of the overall quest for ongoing conceptual and professional improvement of understanding a curriculum for all through practitioner and small‐scale research.     

论兰姆散文译介中的主体差异性

译者的主体性在译介过程中起着主导作用。不同的译介主体的知识结构、审美倾向和言语风格,导致了王佐良和刘炳善两位译者对英国散文家兰姆作品的不同评价,也使他们在翻译兰姆散文时采用了不同的处理方式。     

How children talk together to make meaning from texts: a dialogic perspective on reading comprehension strategies

This study considers reading comprehension as a dialogic transaction of making meaning from text. The concept of text and reading is taken to include the visual and multimodal as well as written forms. Case studies of children discussing texts are analysed to explore how children engage in inter‐mental and intra‐mental processes of reading, between themselves as readers and between themselves and the text. The findings show that children's use of language, which is open, hypothetical and questioning, enables different interpretations and priorities for discussion. The use of imagination and empathy, to enter the world of the text to understand it, trigger creative responses as the children make meaning together. More than merely promoting the teaching of comprehension skills to children, the paper demonstrates how meaningful and exciting responses can be promoted through children reading together and teachers encouraging creative dialogue.     

哲学阐释学与符号学

语言符号问题不是哲学阐释学(主要是德法传统)的全部问题,甚至不是后者要加以解决的根本问题.但是,语言符号问题带来理解或解释直至真正阐释学的问题,已属不争.从本质上讲,哲学阐释学与符号学都不属于狭义上的学科,它们都试图成为人文、社会科学的公分母.哲学阐释学强调理解、解释现象之于人的存在的普遍性,符号学侧重为人类认识、使用语言符号提供基本的方法论.它们相交于语言符号意义的阐释中.     

重读经典莎剧探究文学翻译的阐释观

文学派认为翻译是作品文体风格的转换,是译者的再创造。由此,以理解为核心,强调译者主体性的阐释学理论在文学作品的翻译中得到广泛应用。乔治斯坦纳提出的阐释翻译四步骤：信任（trust）,入侵（aggression）,吸收（incorporation）,补偿（compensation）在莎士比亚多部名著译本中得到了淋漓尽致的展示,体现了重译的必要性,并为进一步理解文学翻译的阐释观提供了一个新视角。