Differing Map Construction and Text Organization and Their Effects on Retention

On the basis of Kulhavy's (R. W. Kulhavy, J. B. Lee, & L. C. Caterino, 1985) conjoint retention model of text learning with organized spatial displays, the authors conducted 2 experiments to analyze the effects of different types of maps and a considerate text (i.e., a text that follows the scanning pattern of the map) or an inconsiderate text. In the 1st study, 158 participants viewed an intact or a segmented map and a considerate or a randomized text. Those participants who viewed the intact map and read the considerate text recalled significantly more information than those who viewed the intact map and read the randomized text. In the 2nd study, 179 participants viewed a flat map, a 1-point perspective map, or a 2-point perspective map, and a considerate text formulated on the basis of the predicted scanning pattern of the map. Those participants who viewed the flat map recalled significantly more information than those who viewed the perspective maps.     

复杂网络视角下上海市加油站布局特征研究——以中石油为例

随着经济与汽车工业的发展,加油站成为重要的配套基础设施,加强其布局合理性可有效改善城市交通系统。从复杂网络视角将上海市180个中石油加油站作为节点,形成网络拓扑图,并应用商业数据平台（BDP）可视化数据分析工具获得布局图,研究其布局特征。结果发现,不同服务半径下的加油站点网络拓扑图均具有小世界网络特征,高度值的加油站点聚集在市区,不同区域的加油站分布存在差异性。因此未来布局规划可重点考虑郊区,围绕重要节点进行合理布局。     

Co-thought gestures: Supporting students to successfully navigate map tasks

This study considers the role and nature of co-thought gestures when students process map-based mathematics tasks. These gestures are typically spontaneously produced silent gestures which do not accompany speech and are represented by small movements of the hands or arms often directed toward an artefact. The study analysed 43 students (aged 10–12 years) over a 3-year period as they solved map tasks that required spatial reasoning. The map tasks were representative of those typically found in mathematics classrooms for this age group and required route finding and coordinate knowledge. The results indicated that co-thought gestures were used to navigate the problem space and monitor movements within the spatial challenges of the respective map tasks. Gesturing was most influential when students encountered unfamiliar tasks or when they found the tasks spatially demanding. From a teaching and learning perspective, explicit co-thought gesturing highlights cognitive challenges students are experiencing since students tended to not use gesturing in tasks where the spatial demands were low.     

比较视阈与文化之维——中国现当代文学研究的态势分析与理念探讨

世界视野已成为中国现当代文学研究者的自觉追求,文化之维的审视能够有效拓展中国现当代文学的研究范围,使研究价值得以延伸。比较视阈对于中国现当代文学研究具有十分显著的方法论意义,“越界”意识赋予研究者更大的精神自由度,彰显文学研究的人文内涵。注重比较视阈与文化之维的考察,是中国现当代文学研究实现文化汇通价值的重要路径。     

Re-invigorating the being of language in educational studies: unpacking Confucius’ ‘wind-pedagogy’ in Yijing as an exemplar

ABSTRACT

In international educational studies, cultural context matters and demands increased attention by educational researchers worldwide. Along with a globalized discourse, how to map historical–cultural understandings of teaching and learning without getting bogged down in modern Westernized epistemology has become a paradigmatic dilemma. This paper argues a Heideggerian–Foucauldian language perspective can provide a way to address this dilemma. As an example, the paper demonstrates how their language perspective has enabled the author to encounter a ‘wind-education’ discourse in China’s current schooling, and to explore, as the originary (re)source of the whole Confucian educational culture, Confucius’ ‘wind-pedagogy’ as expressed in Yijing. This unique historical–cultural ‘wind-education’ discourse is salient, yet goes unnoticed, in China’s current schooling largely due to a planetary signifier-signified style of reasoning. This paper sheds new light on educational literature on Confucian educational thinking and provides an alternative paradigm to the (cross-)cultural studies of education in China and beyond.     

Concept map engineering: methods and tools based on the semantic relation approach

The purpose of this study is to develop a better understanding of technologies that use natural language as the basis for concept map construction. In particular, this study focuses on the semantic relation (SR) approach to drawing rich and authentic concept maps that reflect students’ internal representations of a problem situation. The following discussions are included: (a) elaborate classifications of concept map approaches that use natural language responses (e.g., student essay); (b) the SR process of eliciting concept maps, established using studies on domain ontology; and (c) a more effective way to identify key concepts and relations from a concept map generated by the SR approach. By comparing the SR approach to other promising concept map technologies that constrain the analytical process in various ways, this study suggests that the SR approach is likely to draw richer and more authentic concept maps. In addition, this study suggests that a certain combination of graph-related metrics be used to filter key concepts from a SR concept map drawn from a written text of 350–400 words. The methods suggested in the study could be used to design an automated assessment technology for complex problem solving and to develop adaptive learning systems.     

关于发展中学生空间定位能力的教学策略研究

地理空间定位能力是指在认识地理事物空间位置关系时,运用真实地图、略图或虚拟的脑中地图作空间透视,从中获取有价值的信息,得出相关的解释与结论所表现出来的一种地理能力。通过对学生长期并有意识地地理空间定位能力的训练,可以使学生的空间曩涉和思维能力得到极大迪泼展,有利于学生自主、高效、有意识地学习。     

Exploring the interactive patterns of concept map-based online discussion: a sequential analysis of users’ operations,cognitive processing,and knowledge construction

Concept maps can be used as a cognitive tool to assist learners' knowledge construction. However, in a concept map-based online discussion environment, studies that take into consideration learners' manipulative actions of composing concept maps, cognitive process among learners' discussion, and social knowledge construction at the same time are still lacking. Therefore, this study employed lag sequential analysis to empirically explore learners' behavioral patterns in a concept map-based online discussion environment. We explored learners' operations in the concept map tool, and their discussion behavioral patterns of cognitive processing phases and social knowledge construction. The results showed that it was easier for learners to define a node than to define a relationship when they used the concept map. Additionally, the concept map can enhance higher level cognitive processing phases and lead learners to return to the main discussions from off-topic discussions significantly.     

Analysing Concept Maps as an Assessment Tool in Teaching Physics and Comparison with the Achievement Tests

Concept mapping is a technique that paves the way to represent knowledge schematically. In this research, concept mapping was used as an assessment method on the impulse–momentum topic. The purpose of this study was to determine teacher candidates’ knowledge about understanding of the concepts of impulse and momentum by comparing and contrasting two different methods; namely, students’ concept maps and an achievement test. The mean of teacher candidates’ concept map scores are extremely low when compared with the scores of the achievement test. In addition, it was seen that although a great number of concepts were written down, not many relationships were established between these concepts. There is a weak correlation between the achievement test and the concept map scores since concept maps assess the students’ knowledge from a conceptual perspective while the achievement tests measure the level of students’ knowledge on the topic and his/her ability to apply this knowledge on different occasions.     

The Place of Process-Product Research in Developing the Agenda for Research on Teacher Thinking

Process-product research on teaching, an adaptation of the criteria-of-effectiveness paradigm, has its roots in functionalist psychology. Functionalism is a pragmatic and eclectic approach to psychology that is concerned with the fitting of persons to environments. Functionalists have always accepted cognitive behavior as a legitimate object of study. Thus, a perspective from functionalist psychology may be useful for designing studies of teachers' thinking. From this perspective, the majority of contemporary studies of teachers' thinking are found wanting because there has been no concern for criteria of effectiveness. Recommendations for the improvement of research on teachers' thinking are offered.     

Stakeholder relationships in higher education

The purpose of this study is to develop a stakeholder map to describe the most important stakeholders and the process of stakeholder relationships in higher education. According to the perspective of the balanced scorecard, the classification of stakeholders integrates stakeholders into strategic management. Stakeholder maps are essential in quality assurance, because higher education institutions must identify the most important stakeholders to collect feedback from the stakeholder relationships and improve their processes. This study describes stakeholder collaboration using the process flow of stakeholder relationships. The results of the study can be used in quality audits to describe how stakeholders are involved in a meaningful manner in the development of activities.     

思维导图在高中物理教学中的应用研究

教师通过恰当运用思维导图进行物理教学,可以将知识进行有效整理、总结、归纳,方便学生记忆和梳理各知识板块之间的关系。文章探讨借助思维导图简化备课步骤、整合课程内容、提高教学效率、促进课堂互动、引发学生思考的有效途径,并从学生学习的角度指出思维导图的应用方向。     

靳辉明研究社会主义的哲学视角

靳辉明在研究社会主义问题时,往往是从哲学的高度进行反思,提出带有哲理性的观点。如从唯物史观视角把握社会主义的本质,研究人的自由而全面发展的问题;从辩证法视角分析社会主义是一个发展过程,强调社会主义事业应处理好近期利益和长远利益、长远奋斗目标和近期实现任务的关系;从实践观视角提出中国特色社会主义理论体系的形成和发展与社会实践的生成和发展是一个互动的过程,理论和实践的统一必须借助于路线和政策来实现等。靳辉明之所以在研究社会主义问题时能够恰当而巧妙地运用哲学思维方法,与他具有深厚的哲学功底和把马克思主义当作一个整体来研究是密不可分的。     

Creativity in events and practices: a lens for understanding children's multimodal texts

This article argues that it is possible to look at children's texts in relation to the lens of literacy events and practices from the New Literacy Studies, and apply this perspective to an understanding of creativity. Teachers can then use the possibilities within a text to ask children different kinds of questions. Drawing on a 2‐year ethnographic study of a partnership between a group of artists and teachers in an Infants School in England, and their impact on children's text‐making, the paper seeks to understand the ways in which such a text can be identified as creative. A detailed analysis of one child's text is offered as evidence of this argument. This account is set within a project to map children's play in a Foundation classroom.     

Battery Technologies for Grid-Level Large-Scale Electrical Energy Storage

Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.     

Implementation of quality assurance standards in European higher education: does context matter?

The vast majority of studies concerning the implementation of quality assurance in higher education institutions have been conducted from a national perspective, with few cross-national studies. This study aimed to explore the implementation of quality assurance standards in Europe from a comparative perspective. A questionnaire based on Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area was developed to compare countries. The results indicate that higher education institutions mainly formulate their quality assurance systems according to national standards or based on their own needs. The main emphasis in quality assurance is on teaching and learning activities and curriculum development. The major contribution of the study lies in showing how different country settings affect the implementation of quality assurance standards through presenting the strengths and weaknesses for quality assurance implementation among several European countries.     

国外文化模因传播新论——John Paul模因地图评介

John Paul的模因地图为模因论的发展提供了新视角,注入了新活力,丰富了模因理论研究体系,拓宽了其应用范围。对模因地图的组成部分及建构过程进行介绍评析,可知模因地图发展还需要不断完善和深入,模因地图是文化传播的新理念,能更好地解释和解决社会文化领域中出现的各种问题。     

Implicit and Explicit Use of the Strengths Perspective in Social Work Education

Most of the literature on the strengths perspective has addressed issues of practice; far less has been written about the role of the strengths perspective in social work education. Empirical studies have tended to focus on content analysis of texts and syllabi rather than data obtained directly from social work faculty. To address this gap, the author conducted a study of faculty teaching Master of Social Work foundation courses. Findings indicate that instructors vary in how implicitly or explicitly they use the strengths perspective, using a range of concepts to capture the notion of strengths. They consider the strengths perspective most useful as a mediator between theory and topic, serving a different function in different courses.     

论文学研究与历史研究之关联——兼谈关于历史题材创作的研究方法问题

文学研究和历史研究本来就存在着某种密切的关联,彼此之间常常互相渗透,互相汲取,那种过于严格的学科界限不利于研究的深入。在文学叙事与历史叙事之间的相通性越来越受到关注的今天,文学研究的历史视角就显得愈加不可或缺了。同样,历史研究也从文学研究中得到启发。马克思恩格斯从来都是从历史视角来考察文学的价值的,"美学的观点与史学的观点"作为一种研究方法正是他们将文学研究与历史研究融合为一的标志,而这种方法对于历史题材文学创作的研究显得尤为有效。