The Students' Learning Autonomy and Language Teaching

As an essential concept of language teaching, learner autonomy (LA) is very important in language learning. Looking back to the history of foreign language teaching, we can find that people’s different attitudes to learner autonomy have become a clue of modern foreign language teaching research.On the basis of foreign language teaching (FLT), this article aims to make clear three points: 1) what is learner autonomy? 2) What is the significance of cultivating students’ learning autonomy in English language teaching in China? 3) And what can we do to cultivate students’ learning autonomy? All the answers of these questions can be found in this article.     

Characteristics of electricity consumption of different industry types considering atmospheric condition

Reducing greenhouse gases (RHG) is going on actively in the international movement. In the field of architecture, RHG is an inevitable work. To establish a plan for RHG, firstly we need to reduce energy consumption. Greenhouse gas generated by energy consumption is the main cause of global warming. For this we should know that how much electricity consumption we use. The research targets of this study are commercial buildings with various businesses. Their electricity consumption was analyzed by business units rather than buildings. Each business was divided into 13 sectors according to industrial classification and electricity consumption was analyzed for each industry. For commercial buildings, the electricity consumption is done by the private sector and construction management is an autonomy system in private instead of an integrated management system. In this study, we classified and analyzed the electricity consumption characteristics according to collected data, analyzed the relationship between the electricity consumption with atmospheric temperature through SPSS, and developed an electricity prediction model.     

A Pragmatic Journey in Finding Nemo

This paper analyzes the actor’s lines to reveal the characterization of the hero Marlin in the animation Finding Nemo from a pragmatic perspective by applying conversational implicature and cooperative principle,especially the violations of maxims of cooperative principle.From the analysis we can see how individualized language is created by the violation of maxims and how individualized language vividly creates characters.This paper gives a totally new perspective to appreciate this stunning animation.     

Credit risk evaluation using adaptive Lq penalty SVM with Gauss kernel

In order to improve the performance of support vector machine (SVM) applications in the field of credit risk evaluation, an adaptive Lq SVM model with Gauss kernel (ALqG-SVM) is proposed to evaluate credit risks. The non-adaptive penalty of the object function is extended to (0, 2] to increase classification accuracy. To further improve the generalization performance of the proposed model, the Gauss kernel is introduced, thus the non-linear classification problem can be linearly separated in higher dimensional feature space. Two UCI credit datasets and a real life credit dataset from a US major commercial bank are used to check the efficiency of this model. Compared with other popular methods, satisfactory results are obtained through a novel method in the area of credit risk evaluation. So the new model is an excellent choice.     

Research on the Promoting of the Cooperative Principle on the English Teaching

The final and last purpose of English teaching is to improve the comprehensive ability on English using of the student, the teaching will only help the student well master all the English knowledge of elementary theory, but also request that all the student to flexibly carry out the social communication of everyday life. In this paper, we will pay more attention to the promoting of cooperative principle in English teaching.     

A Study on Translation Approaches to Commercial Letters of Credit under the Guidance of Skopos Theory

According to the customs,by the end of 2011,the whole value of Chinese foreign trade is two thousand nine hundred and ninety four billion dollars,by the end of 2009,5 percents of the accounts of Chinese foreign trade with a value of fifty hundred billion dollars are unpaid.Most of the financial loss are caused by wrong translation of documents.The letter of credit is the most important way of payment in the international trade,so great attention should be paid to the translation of this type of document.Until now,the study against the translation of the letter of credit is scant.This paper will apply the skopos theory put forward by Hans Vermeer and developed in Germany in the late 1970s to guide the translation practice of the letter of credit.     

Cultivation in Learner Autonomy Based on Learning Styles

Learner autonomy is no easy choice for most students when they are used to having teachers do everything for them.As teach ers,it is their responsibility to help the students know how to use it and to understand that autonomy goes beyond of freedom.Learning styles play an important role because teachers need a clear picture of each student’s learning capabilities.Teachers can encourage students to reach dependence by attending their needs,taking into account learner styles.The goal of this research study is to find ways in which teach ers and students can build autonomy together.It first examines the learning styles of the sample students,and then makes discussions about fostering learner autonomy based on different learning styles.     

The Thinking of Financing under Dual Economies Character In Medium & Small Enterprises

In China,the dual economies show prominence in financial field.It leads to the serious dual credit ration and becomes one of the main cause which makes financing in medium & small sized enterprises becomes harder and harder.On basis of this situation,we theoretically pose that we can alleviate the difficulty through the dual cooperation of financial control and the deepening of finance.     

On the Deviation of Cooperative Principle in Business Negotiation

Business negotiation is a delicate art and can be a very trying process of confrontation and concession.Cooperative principle is ac knowledged as a principle of conversation of enhancing the mutual trust and understanding for the purpose of increasing the odd for com munication success.This thesis attempts to highlight the cooperative principle and analyze its inconsistence in business negotiation scenarios.In this paper,whether Cooperative Principle is applicable in business negotiations is the main research question.     

Politeness Principle and Intercultural Communication

There are many potential problems in intercultural communications. Politeness principle is very important in helping improving intercultural communications. But different cultures have various standard of politeness principle. This essay discusses the very different points of view on politeness principle between Chinese people and westerners, and studies how the context and settings affect the practice of politeness principle. At the ending of the essay, the guiding significance of politeness principle is pointed out. And it also points out seeking common understanding of various cultures. In some aspects, this paper is useful for effective intercultural communications.     

基于Windows位图的数控雕刻加工方法及其应用

Bitmap （BMP） is a widely used format in image processing. With the combination of the digital image processing and computer numerically controlled （NC） techniques, we developed a bitmap-based NC single-step and multi-dot method. An example was provided to illustrate the application and principle of this bitmap-based method in our newly innovated sandblasting glass NC sculpture system.     

A Study on the Correlations Between Chinese EFL Learners’ Autonomous Learning and Their Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning and learner autonomy have become heated topics in English teaching.Many researchers both at home and abroad have carried out the study on this field,and they proved that learner autonomy and cooperative learning are rel evant,cooperative learning can promote English majors’learning autonomy in terms of listening,reading,speaking,however,no obvious findings in vocabulary and writing.This study is conducted to prove the feasibilities and effectiveness of cooperative learning applied to foster first-year non-English majors’learning autonomy from the aspect of vocabulary and structure.The re sults of this study showed that cooperative learning was much more effective than traditional teaching approaches in fostering some positive affective factors.According to this research,cooperative learning can also improve learners’vocabulary and struc ture significantly.     

A Study of Politeness Principle in Business Letters

Business English letter is an important component of external part of business activities, politeness of the language not only shows the high quality of the businessmen, but also helps to establish a good international business relations. From a stylistic point of view, business letters in English have their unique characteristics in accordance with the Politeness Principles (PP). A sufficient understanding of this theory and its corresponding features helps to write a neatly arranged letter which may bring about good business relations. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the language characteristics of business English letters on the Politeness Principles. This paper investigates the main characteristics of business English letters in terms of vocabulary and sentence features. The Politeness Principles are elaborated through the analysis of examples. Conclusions concerning the stylistic characteristics are drawn based on these analysis. By exploring these characteristics of business letters, the paper also provides the learners of business English with the techniques necessary for writing business letters.     

On the Translation Equivalence of Literature Works

As for translation principle,people have different opinions.The principle of equivalent translation maybe is one of the most reasonable ones in today’s translation world in my eyes.This paper focuses on the possibility and the condition to be achieved the biggest equivalence of the semantic,pragmatic and culture in order to get the conclusion that the translation equivalence is the proper principle.Besides,this paper has also discussed the pragmatic equivalence and cultural equivalence.     

A Corpus-based View of Lexical Gender in Business Letters

This article investigates lexical gender in specialized communication. The key method of analysis is that of forms of address, professional titles, and ’generic man’ in a one million word corpus of business letters. This paper found a mixed results:on the one hand, the ’male-as-norm’ principle contributes to reinforcing typical gender stereotypes:for example, for each woman referred to in the corpus, there are more than 3 occurrences for man. On the other hand, advocates of non-sexist English have also influenced written Business English:for example, Ms is more frequent than Mrs. or Miss, which sustains the claim that equates Ms with professional settings. This article ends by discussing the ways in which the research findings of this study could positively impact upon the teaching of Business English.     

Algorithmic Design for the Examination Arrangement System on a Large Scale for Universities

It is a multifactor optimization problem to arrange examinations on a large scale for universities. In this paper, a kind of grouped optimization algorithm was proposed. A principle about related degree, which plays a core role in realization, was introduced in the algorithm. According to the algorithm, we worked out a set of software correspondingly and applied it to a certain university in Shanghai to arrange examinations. It shows that the algorithm is very effective.     

具有随机投资收益率的破产概率

1 Introduction We will extend the classical ruin model withthe twomain components of premium income and clai mpayment[1 ,2].The third component reflects the randomrates of interest to the free reserve such as a currencydevaluation or credit event[3].Inthelatter case we as-sume that the free reservexis invested in bonds withcredit risk . Upon a credit event the value of the freereserve drops according to the recovery ratezfromxtozx. Then the free reserve is reinvested in bondswith si milar ris…     

A Good Example of Hemingway’s Iceberg Principle:The Killers

Hemingway established a well-known literary theory - iceberg principle.He said he always attempted to create his literary works according to this principle.In his opinion,if a prose writer has a pretty clear idea of what he writes about,then he can omit the things he knows,and the readers will strongly feel that what the writer has omitted seems to have been written as long as what he writes is authentic.Hemingway himself once said,"The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one eighth of it being above water."Here,one eighth refers to the information given by the author,and the rest refers to the unwrit ten information that can be acquired in readers’imagination on the basis of the one eighth.The Killers is a good example of Hemingway’s iceberg principle.This essay will analyse the characters in it to show how the principle was used in this short story.With no doubt the iceberg principle leaves a large space for the readers to imagine and better understand Hemingway’s works.     

The Application of CP and PP in Business English

Cooperative principle and politeness principle enjoy great significance in pragmatic field.Via the analysis of certain examples extracted from Business English course-book, this paper aims to study the observance of cooperative principle and politeness principle. The conclusion is reached that the application of CP and PP in pedagogical practice could benefit students’ language application. Meanwhile, this paper also aims to prove that cooperation and politeness are a key factor in communication through which teachers could improve students’ language competence.     

On the Development of Learner Autonomy in Art Majors through Metacognitive Strategy Training

Learner autonomy is considered as one of the key educational goals in all the countries of the world since 1980s.In China,developing learner autonomy is particularly emphasized in College English Curriculum Requirements.Some researches have been made on developing learner autonomy,which seem to prove that the training of language learning strategies helps to develop learner autonomy.But because the traditional teaching method has been dominant in universities,college students,in particular art majors are passive and lose interests in English.Consequently,English teaching method must be reformed and learn er autonomy must be developed.In the relevant researches on learning strategy training and the development of learner autono my,the subjects are not involved in art majors.So the author tries to make a research in the field by combining with her teaching experience.Developing learner autonomy in art majors through the training of metacognitive strategies may lay the basis for their future learning and development,which is important for the college English teaching of art majors.Key wrods:learner autonomy;art majors;metacognitive strategy training