Analytic Frameworks for Assessing Dialogic Argumentation in Online Learning Environments

Over the last decade, researchers have developed sophisticated online learning environments to support students engaging in dialogic argumentation. This review examines five categories of analytic frameworks for measuring participant interactions within these environments focusing on (1) formal argumentation structure, (2) conceptual quality, (3) nature and function of contributions within the dialogue, (4) epistemic nature of reasoning, and (5) argumentation sequences and interaction patterns. Ultimately, the review underscores the diversity of theoretical perspectives represented within this research, the nature of dialogic interaction within these environments, the importance of clearly specifying theoretical and environmental commitments throughout the process of developing or adopting an analytic framework, and the role of analytic frameworks in the future development of online learning environments for argumentation.

Modeling Resilience in an Alternative Education Context

Black and Latino students and the educators who serve as their advocates must be resilient in a highly contentious and racialized public education system. Modeling resilience in the public education system relies on individual assets and the extent to which one’s school possesses the resources and support needed to cultivate such assets. This study used interviews and site observations to explore the degree to which educators and students model resilience in an alternative education program. Findings suggest educators engage a sense of agency when they advocate for inclusion of Black and Latino students. In addition, an alternative education context can provide resources and cultivate strong relationships, a sense of self-efficacy and future orientation among educators and students. These findings highlight the assets educators and advocates need and the programs required to promote resilience in the public education system.     

Computer-Mediated Epistemic Dialogue: Explanation and Argumentation as Vehicles for Understanding Scientific Notions

Epistemic dialogues, involving explanation and argumentation, have been recognized as potential vehicles for conceptual understanding. Although the role of dialogue in learning has received much attention, the problem of creating situations in which students engage in epistemic dialogue has only begun to be addressed. This article highlights the set of factors that must be taken into account in designing a computer-supported collaborative learning situation that encourages students to discuss scientific notions. These factors include the choice of the domain issue, the activities proposed to students, and the role of technology. We describe the design of CONNECT, an integrated environment and task sequence for the collaborative confrontation, negotiation, and construction of text. Results are then presented from a study in which students individually wrote an interpretation of a sound phenomenon, were matched in dyads so as to maximize semantic differences between their texts, and then collaboratively discussed and wrote common texts across the network using CONNECT. We show how careful engineering of the CONNECT environment favors the occurrence of epistemic dialogue and creates opportunities for conceptual understanding. The discussion centers on why these opportunities might be missed, as well as on the conditions required for students to exploit them.     

科学论证教学的评价框架与实践述评

论证教学是指让学生通过确立主张,运用多种证据进行论证和相互说服,从而达成学习目标的教学方式.近年来,论证教学在全球科学教育界受到广泛关注.通过对68篇相关的国际核心文献进行系统化的检索、筛选与编码,研究结果显示,已有的论证教学评价研究主要集中在开发评价工具和聚焦课程与教学的评价两个方面,这两方面又分为评价维度、评价工具...     

关系·对话·共生:布贝尔道德教育思想主题探析

关系与对话是奥地利教育家布贝尔道德教育思想的重要主题,但是其内蕴的共生主题并未被揭示。以关系·对话·共生为切入点系统阐述了布贝尔道德教育思想的人学基础、道德教育目的、师生关系、实现途径以及实践追求等内容,以期对布贝尔有更深刻的了解。     

Higher Education Rankings: Evolution,Acceptance, and Dialogue

Departing from the usual ‘From the Editors' piece, Jamie Merisotis, President of the Institute for Higher Education Policy, and Jan Sadlak, Director of UNESCO‐CEPES, reflect on the content of this issue of the review. At the same time, they outline the essential developments affecting ranking systems and methodologies in higher education. These developments made up the main topic of the meeting jointly organized by the Institute for Higher Education Policy and UNESCO‐CEPES for the project “Higher Education Ranking Systems and Methodologies: How They Work, What They Do”, and held in Washington D.C., USA on 10–11 December 2004. Most of the articles presented in this issue relate to the context of the above‐mentioned meeting.     

重新解读德育:人性、交往与对话

德育的最高境界是本真的德育。本从人性、交往与对话三个元素入手，重新解读德育，旨在构建本真的德育。     

2005年中国教学论研究:反思、对话与回归

2005年,中国教学论研究的主题可以概括为:在反思和对话中回归自身传统。教学论研究者们在理论与实践的矛盾与整合中提出和探讨了一些具有生长点意义的问题,对多元背景下教学论的发展历程进行了梳理。对一些似是而非的理论问题进行了澄清,并提出在新形势下教学论的发展趋向。     

从对话理论探悉国内远程教育中的在线讨论

信息技术促进了第三代远程教育的发展,使在线讨论作为在线学习的一种重要形式,日益受到关注。本文基于文献分析了在线讨论的研究状况,并从对话的角度重新审视了在线讨论,指出当前存在的一些问题,并提出了一些相应的策略。     

Argumentation in Science Education: A Model-based Framework

The goal of this article is threefold: First, the theoretical background for a model-based framework of argumentation to describe and evaluate argumentative processes in science education is presented. Based on the general model-based perspective in cognitive science and the philosophy of science, it is proposed to understand arguments as reasons for the appropriateness of a theoretical model which explains a certain phenomenon. Argumentation is considered to be the process of the critical evaluation of such a model if necessary in relation to alternative models. Secondly, some methodological details are exemplified for the use of a model-based analysis in the concrete classroom context. Third, the application of the approach in comparison with other analytical models will be presented to demonstrate the explicatory power and depth of the model-based perspective. Primarily, the framework of Toulmin to structurally analyse arguments is contrasted with the approach presented here. It will be demonstrated how common methodological and theoretical problems in the context of Toulmin’s framework can be overcome through a model-based perspective. Additionally, a second more complex argumentative sequence will also be analysed according to the invented analytical scheme to give a broader impression of its potential in practical use.     

Education,Dialogue and Intervention: revisiting the Freirean project

In the past two decades Paulo Freire's philosophy of education has been the subject of much discussion by academics, school teachers and adult educators in a variety of formal and informal settings. While Freire initially gained recognition for his work with adult illiterates in Brazil and Chile, since the early 1970s his ideas have found increasing application in Britain, the USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. This article reconsiders the literacy methods through which Freire initially attracted international attention. Freire's approach to literacy education in Brazil is outlined and brief reference is made to the other major adult education programmes with which Freire has been involved since 1964. A number of serious criticisms of Freirean pedagogy are identified, all of which deal in some way with what might be termed the problem of ‘imposition’ in Freire's work. Critiques from Berger, Bowers and Walker suggest that the Freirean project entails the imposition of a particular world‐view and mode of social practice on adult illiterates. According to these critics, Freire assumes that he knows better than the oppressed the nature of, and the best solution to, their oppression. The author argues that the Freirean system is indeed non‐dialogical and impositional in certain respects, but concludes that Freire's literacy efforts were ultimately worthwhile.     

从对抗走向对话： 美国高校替代性纠纷解决机制研究

随着高校与教师之间的纠纷日渐增多,传统的司法诉讼和校内层级申诉方式的弊端日益凸显。20世纪90年代以来,替代性纠纷解决机制逐渐成为美国高等学校解决内部纠纷的优先选项,主要有调解、监察和仲裁三种类型。不同类型的纠纷适用不同的替代性纠纷解决机制且遵循相应的程序要求,处理结果具有合同效力。机构中立、人员专业、程序规范、优势互补是替代性纠纷解决机制的特点。要在传统法律救济方式的基础上寻求突破和创新,我国可借鉴美国高等教育领域替代性纠纷解决机制的有益经验,充分发挥调解和仲裁等非诉讼方式的优势,引导纠纷双方从对抗走向对话,形塑和谐公正的教育环境。     

Students’ Alternative Frameworks and Teaching Strategies: a pilot study

Research has shown that students’ alternative conceptions in science are quite resistent to change, which indicates that the teaching strategies used are not appropriate and that new strategies should be implemented in order to promote conceptual change. This pilot study was carried out with 100 Portuguese 5th grade students and aims: (a) to investigate a teaching strategy geared to the students’ conceptual change, taking into account their misconceptions about scientific ideas; (b) to promote a better attitude towards science. The results of this study indicate that the teaching approach based on the pupils’ alternative ideas and that makes them reflect on their own work and ideas, seemed to increase learning of scientific concepts related to the topic ‘properties and corpuscular model of the air’ and consequently favoured conceptual change better than a ‘traditional’ approach.     

教育中的非介入性研究：理论与方法

非介入性研究是一种重要的教育研究方法,本文探讨了非介入性研究的三种主要类型:内容分析、话语分析和符号分析,并从理论与实践两个方面分别阐明了它们的主要内涵、主要特征和分析步骤。     

教育现代化：理论与技术的对话——教育学原理与教育技术学两大阵营的对话

一股前所未有的新技术浪潮正在向我们涌来,它在更新教育的物质形态的同时,也在冲击着教育者的精神世界,并提出种种新问题迫使我们思考:信息技术的应用怎样才能有效地改变教育?是什么导致了教育技术应用上的误区?信息技术的这些应用对学生和教师已经和将要带来什么影响?人在新技术创造的新环境中究竟如何生存……存在的差异决定思维的差异,从事教育学原理研究的人们与从事教育技术学研究的人们,对这些问题给出了不同的答案,在我们以教育现代化为追求的思考与行动过程中,正是这些有差异的思维与答案,使理论与技术之间的对话成为必要,也成为可能。     

高校德育对话的理论依据探析

现代社会是一个充满对话精神的社会,高校德育对话是对话精神在高校德育领域的回应,可以理解为一种德育理念,也可以是一种德育模式。高校德育对话,不论是理念更新,还是模式创新,这都是针对于当前高校德育现状而言的,是提高高校德育有效性的途径探索,对当前德育实践意义重大,因而需要探索其深刻的理论依据。     

Approaches to Multicultural Education in Preservice Teacher Education: Philosophical Frameworks and Models for Teaching

The authors in this article connect teacher education to multiple theoretical frameworks around the ongoing debate and issues of multicultural education. Connecting conservative, liberal, and radical theories of multicultural education particularly to preservice teachers, the authors argue that a more eclectic theoretical avenue must be striven and struggled for if there exists any hope in transforming schools, particularly, as they note, in urban environments. Practical avenues are discussed that promote such a multilayered interpretive/analytical approach to social change.