On being transgressive in educational research! An autoethnography of borders

Autoethnography and narrative inquiry, with their focus on researching the personal dimensions of human experience, are overlapping realms within the field of qualitative research. While the dominant ways of knowing and researching in the academy remain that of empirical observation and critical analysis from a distanced perspective, these approaches attribute little meaning to the culturally relevant and reflexive accounts of those involved in the autoethnographic and narrative inquiry. In this paper, I critically reflect on my experiences of negotiating identities as an academic and educational researcher over time against a backdrop of professional anxieties produced by policy and political imperatives that have increasingly pervaded modern higher education in the UK. Adopting an autoethnographic style, I contemplate the complexities and opportunities that have inscribed my various identities as an educational researcher over a career, crossing from traditional research to creative narrative and arts-informed approaches.     

教育叙事研究:批判与反思

作为教育研究的教育叙事,不同于文学和史学表现手法的叙事,它是作为质性研究的一种研究方式,它不可虚构教育事件,并且还有作为研究方式所必然具有的规范、程序和要求。运用者必须要掌握这些规范、程序和要求,这是能否运用教育叙事研究的基础。教育叙事研究,是量的研究的补充,它不应该也不可能替代量的研究。     

教育叙事研究中的“危险”及应然“理性”——来自康纳利、克莱丁宁和康莉的视角

关于教育叙事研究,康纳利、克莱丁宁和康莉三位学者在其理论建构和实践探索方面都做出了较大贡献。研析他们的思想有利于我们接近理论的要义。他们不仅致力于挖掘叙事研究的独特价值,而且对于来自其他研究范式的批评,对于叙事研究应用过程中可能的“危险”如“好莱坞情节”、故事的“僵化”与“冻结”等保持警醒。体现叙事的本真品质和旨趣,如情境性、时间性、与生活经验的紧密关联等,并对整个研究过程及各环节保持理性,是教育叙事研究者的应然追求。     

Immigrant students' experience of schooling: a narrative inquiry theoretical framework

We explore immigrant students' experience of schooling focusing on Yang Yang and his family. We present insights into immigrant Chinese educational experience in Canada and bring forward a narrative‐inquiry framework for the study of student experience. We find that—contrary to some of the expectations of Chinese immigrants—family relations, student learning, and school policies are complicated, with families finding it difficult to translate Chinese educational values in the Canadian context and their children facing serious learning and social difficulties.     

教育叙事研究：英语课程改革中的重要反思方式

随着基础教育新课程改革的推进,教师专业发展受到越来越多的关注,教育叙事研究已成为我国中小学英语教师反思教育实践、促进专业发展的有效途径。教育叙事中英语教师要反思教育行为、反思教育信念、反思教育理论。教师需要以问题为主线,重视教学中的问题解决;以反思为内核,反观自我、启示他人。     

从“叙事探究”到“叙事行动研究”

本专题除了对主题的介绍性论文,还收录了三篇一线教师的叙事,均来自北京教科院德育中心举办的、为期一年的第三期教育行动研究工作坊中的叙事行动研究班。作为指导教师,笔者目睹了一大批教师在做叙事行动研究中的专业成长,这三篇文章就是其中的代表。本文意在介绍为什么将叙事探究转换为叙事行动研究,这两种路径有什么区别,教师们在叙事行动研究中获得了什么成长以及这种成长的发生需要什么条件。通过分析教师的参与过程和研究结果发现,相比叙事探究,叙事行动研究在教师公开发声、改变心智模式的基础之上,还需要触及学校场域中人们惯习的改变,其风险和挑战更大。通过本次工作坊的初步尝试,教师对叙事主题的认识更加准确,对主题的反思更加深刻,减少了自己的自责和内疚感,而且能够采取行动改变现状。促使教师如此成长的条件包括教师敢于暴露自己的"顽症",创设安全、开放的学习氛围,及时分享相关理论,形成相互支持的学习共同体以及获得学校的理解和支持。教育行政部门和教育研究者应关注教师的专业成长,为诸如叙事行动研究之类的教师专业发展活动提供更加有力的支持。     

叙事研究与教师角色--兼答叙事研究到底是谁的方法

叙事研究作为一种研究方法，既是教育研究者进行教育科研的方法，也应是教师进行教育研究的方法，且因其关注教育的日常生活、阐发教育的价值与意义等特征而更加适合教师。     

What the West could learn from the East: a reflective analysis

Drawing on Lugones’ ideas of world traveling, Dewey’s notion of education as experience, and Greene’s vision of seeing small/seeing big, this article inquires into lives lived in an Eastern educational milieu with attention reflectively paid to what educators in the West could learn from those in the East. Rather than focusing on mega narratives largely created by policy-makers and derived from accumulations of theory and/or political decision-making, this practical research in the reflective vein takes a ‘big’ look at three ‘small stories’ that emerged in a narrative inquiry we conducted in a Chinese elementary school and imagines their portability to Western educational contexts. Reflective attention is specifically paid to: (1) teaching without words, (2) principal images, and (3) shared responsibility for failure. What these small stories from our narrative inquiry research might disrupt, if introduced to Western educational settings, is especially taken up.     

教育叙事研究的研究

近几年叙事研究在我国教育研究领域兴起 ,引起了学者们的关注。学者们主要从教育叙事研究兴起的背景、叙事及叙事研究的内涵、叙事研究的理论基础、叙事研究的特点、叙事研究的分类、叙事研究的过程、叙事研究的反思等方面进行了研究。     

关于教育叙事研究

教育叙事研究是近年来普遍受到重视的一种教育科研方法。从教育叙事的涵义人手,认为所叙之“事”应该具有问题性、情境性、亲为性;叙事研究面向教师生活,其研究过程和结论是开放的,研究的形式灵活多样;它对我国教师的专业发展和教育科研具有启示意义。     

Faculty Liaisons: an embedded approach for enriching teaching and learning in higher education

This paper explores the experiences of a group of academic developers who support educational development work as Faculty Liaisons at a large, research-intensive university. These academic developers inhabit complex ‘third spaces’, providing support through an embedded partnership relationship that requires lateral movement across functional and organizational boundaries to create new professional spaces, knowledge, and relationships. The authors utilize narrative inquiry and auto-ethnographic approaches to present an interpretive qualitative analysis of their experiences supporting Faculty and University projects across complex and evolving organizational boundaries. From this analysis, they highlight key roles and responsibilities associated with their blended context and identify challenges that academic developers who occupy third spaces within academic organizations face as they negotiate competing interests, identities, and requirements associated with the diverse range of their projects and the blended experience of working in scholarly and administrative, central- and Faculty-based roles. The lessons they have learned from these experiences will be of particular interest to academic developers who are experiencing the flux of change within higher education settings that are impacting teaching and learning practices both for faculty in the classroom and for those across the institution who support them.     

叙事研究与案例研究的性质和应用

叙事研究与案例研究有共同的理论背景,但仍有研究方法与手段上的差异。现代与后现代的矛盾和困惑,使得叙事研究和案例研究看似简单却不易把握。要把握和运用好叙事研究和案例研究,就需要着重分析研究过程中大叙述与小叙述、私密性与公开化、共时性与历时性的关系,并探讨中小学教师在参与研究时面临的问题和值得注意的经验。     

教育叙事研究与中小学师资培训

近年来,教育叙事研究作为教师的研究方法引起广大教师的关注,并被广泛地运用于教育教学研究领域。在阐述了教育叙事研究的概念、研究方式与过程的基础上,论述了教育叙事研究对中小学师资培训的启示及对中小学教师专业发展的意义。     

Using an active listening approach to consider the views of three young people on the topic of missing education

This research uses an active listening approach within a narrative inquiry methodology to consider the views of three teenage males aged 15–17 years on the topic of missing education. Missing education is a term used to describe children and young people (CYP) not receiving a suitable education or being on a school roll. The participants’ accounts were analysed using a Voice-Centred Relational Method to identify the complex interplay of systemic factors, the importance of individual experience and supportive adult–pupil relationships. The reflective accounts presented in this paper highlight implications for active and effective listening to CYP. A model was created to support the approaches educational psychologists (EPs) could use to support school staff, parents and other professionals in their work with individuals “missing education”.     

Realigning capital portfolios: international students' educational experiences in higher education

This paper reports on first year experiences of international students who use English as an additional language (EAL) in higher education in Australia. It examines how valued resources can foster a positive educational experience of these students from sociological perspectives. It draws data from an interview study, exploring narrative accounts of 17 EAL international students from nine countries about their educational relations and strategies across their first year of study. Their narratives were analysed through Bourdieu's concepts of field, habitus, capital and legitimation, as well as tools of narrative inquiry. The paper finds that the students took up strategies to realign their capital portfolios with new rules of the game. Their decisions were dependent on their personal trajectories and conditions on offer. This paper suggests that more effort needs to be made to understand international students' differentiated access to valued resources in higher education.     

情感对教师身份发展影响的叙事探究

教师身份是以教学职业为核心,关于教师如何认识自身工作和在社会中所处地位的认识框架。教师的情感在其身份发展中扮演了重要角色。运用教育叙事探究的方法,笔者对三位在美任教中国教师的教学和生活经历进行了探究,并建构了三种情感对教师身份发展影响的叙事,分别是沮丧感、受压迫感以及恐惧感。沮丧感的产生在于公司化经营的学校将教师视为职业化的符号,使个人的人性与情感被忽略。而情感在教师自我反思和自我评价中扮演了重要角色。受压迫感是激发教师能动性的重要因素。当教师因为遭受不公正待遇而产生被压迫感时,他们开始审视个人与学校环境的关系,并据此作出改变,成为能动性主体。恐惧感直接来源于教师缺乏对于新文化环境的充分了解,它也同时关系到教师是否愿意承担教学主导的角色。本研究讨论了情感的能动作用,学校或教育机构对教师情感缺乏支持的问题,以及叙事如何作为教师建构身份的一个重要途径,以帮助教师检视自身的情感体验。     

Regenerating narrative inquiry for teacher growth on a Toronto-Shanghai Sister School partnership landscape

In this paper, I demonstrate a way of conducting narrative inquiry that is oriented towards understanding and improving teachers’ experiences in a particular Toronto–Shanghai/West–East Sister School reciprocal learning partnership. I show how this narrative inquiry process is informed by a Deweyan way of thinking about experience and is enriched by the Confucian idea of being a good guest. I illustrate how this inquiry process involves teachers and researchers as collaborative and reciprocal learners on the Dao of further personal and professional growth and learning. I suggest that conducting narrative inquiry in a Canada–China interschool setting could give rise to West–East reciprocal learning communities that have the potential of bridging the cultural and historical narratives that underlie Chinese and North American education. It could also create the harmonious and democratic educational conditions for fostering global citizens as learners in our 21st century.     

教育叙事的理论探究

迄今为止,关于教育叙事的理论阐述一直处于模糊不清的状态。本文试图从人文与科学的思维方式、序列与位置的时空关系、诠释与解释的不同取向、主观与客观等四个方面,对教育叙事研究本身的基本理论进行探究,力求为教育叙事研究及其方法论厘定其理论基础。     

教育经验的理论方式

教育经验的复杂性、丰富性与多样性决定了任何一种预先设定的理论框架都会陷入叙述紧张。以叙事的方式回归教育时空中各种具体的人物、机构及事件 ,叙事本身所揭示的各种教育存在方式或行为关系 ,以及当事人在此行为关系中的处境与感受 ,便成了教育学文本所要表达的“意义”。由此 ,教育经验的叙事探究便不仅仅为经验的呈现方法 ,也成为了教育意义的承载体 ,更构成了一种开放性意义诠释的理论方式     

Educational narrative inquiry through design-based research: designing digital storytelling to make alternative knowledge visible and actionable

This paper describes the conceptualisation and appropriation of narrative in the design of digital storytelling technology (DST), to augment reflective practice among Irish pre-service teachers. Reflective practice remains a predominant professional formation component of programmes of teacher education. In this key developmental activity, teacher education traditionally privileges written reflections, e.g. pro forma post-lesson evaluations and essays. Our aim in this research was to supplement, not supplant, these important written reflective modalities, and by doing so, open up a wider set of possibilities for using narrative and technology to support creative, potentially transformative reflection on practice. We have been inspired significantly in this DST work by Bruner’s ([2002]. Making Stories: Law, Literature, Life. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press) functional view of narrative inquiry – that storytelling serves as the principal, foundational means by which we form our identities, relate to others and make sense of our place in the world. We thus sought to explore how innovative storytelling designs, combined with, and augmented by digital technology, might afford new narrative inquiry possibilities for pre-service students to conceptualise, create and collaborate in their early-career, reflective practices. This paper presents R-NEST, the educational design we developed in a principled and participatory fashion over 3 years, collaboratively with 323 student teachers. We trace the narrative of the development and refinement of the bespoke R-NEST design, illustrated with analysis of an exemplar, student-designed digital story. The paper concludes with insights regarding the creative, reflective use of DST, suggesting potentially wide scope for this mode of narrative technology in education.