Online News Coverage of Preexposure Prophylaxis

Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV continues to be a serious issue, especially for men who have sex with men (MSM). A new means of HIV prevention, called preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), significantly reduces the chance of HIV infection. However, adoption of the drug has been slow. In this study, a content analysis of 234 online news articles about PrEP from popular U.S. news Web sites was conducted, focusing on how articles were framed in terms of benefits to PrEP, barriers to PrEP, the severity of HIV, and the susceptibility of MSM to HIV. Results showed that coverage contained conflicting information about PrEP and failed to cast HIV as a serious problem.     

网络消费者信息搜寻行为研究

文章探讨了网络信息搜寻行为的特点,分别构建了网络信息搜寻广义模型和网络消费者信息搜寻行为过程模型,并在此基础上对影响网络信息搜寻行为的因素进行了讨论。     

Homogenous Agendas,Disparate Frames: CNN and CNN International Coverage Online

Although CNN and CNN International represent just a fraction of global news coverage, the networks are widely viewed, crucial agenda-setting agents the world over. This study found that the online versions of these 2 networks were remarkably consistent in telling audiences in America and abroad what to think about. However, American and non-American online audiences received disparate amounts of coverage and were cued how to think about issues in unique ways. These findings and the high level of news homogenization in this content analysis are evidence of the influence that American news values have in global media culture.     

Constructing Dysfunction: News Coverage of Teenagers and Social Media

Cultural storytellers such as journalists play a meaningful role in shaping how adults think about the role that social media play in teenagers’ lives. To better assess what adults might be learning, we employed a critical, qualitative approach to examine how contemporary news media constructed cultural understandings of teens’ relationship with social media. Our analysis of 339 print and online news articles from 2013–2014 found that the news media constructed a mediated reality that placed dysfunction as the defining characteristic of teens’ relationship with social media. The news articles consistently positioned teenagers and social media as at odds with one another, entwined in an unhealthy, frequently dangerous union. Discussions of the self-expressive, creative, and communicative practices of teen social media users were undermined or absent altogether. Altogether, the coverage created a mediated reality that denied teenage agency and obscured the diversity of teenagers’ experiences and social media practices.     

News and Ideological Exegesis in Chinese Online Media: A Case Study of Crime Coverage and Reader Discussion on Two Commercial Portals

Analyzing news stories, commentaries, and readers’ discussions of a sensational serial murder case on China's two most popular commercial online portals, this study examines how the Internet's medium-specific characteristics of unlimited space and interactivity facilitate both reinforcement and challenges to dominant ideologies of crime coverage. The study finds that news accounts on the two portals, Sina.com and Sohu.com, to a large degree favored the interests of the powerful over the powerless, excusing the inefficiency of the police and portraying causes of crime as individual; while readers contributing to online forums on the case voiced concern about social issues underlying crime, expressed standpoints of the poor and underprivileged, and questioned the authority and intentions of the powerful. The result was that, even as news accounts generally reinforced prevailing social relations, readers’ comments upturned them with analyses of inequality, poverty and discrimination. The study lends additional weight to the assertion that the Internet's unlimited space and allowance for simultaneous interactivity among many voices are leading to qualitative changes in public communications as well as quantitative increases in information flow. Even within the context of Chinese information control, online forums open up new options for users that we characterize as exegetical, implying broad possibilities for explanation and exposition as well as for alternative ideological renderings.     

数字图书馆OPAC与图书搜索引擎和网上书店功能的比较研究

通过比较数字图书馆OPAC与图书搜索引擎和网上书店的检索和信息揭示功能,分析了国内OPAC系统建设中存在的问题,提出要以图书搜索引擎和网上书店为启示,强化OPAC的检索和信息揭示能力,鼓励用户参与OPAC建设,以及在OPAC系统中整合相关外部资源的的4项措施。参考文献11。     

从日本"3·11"大地震看日本的危机广播

在人类不断遭遇新的自然灾害的时代,广播媒介如何开发自身巨大的社会功能潜能,将自身不可替代的媒介优势开发至最大化?日本"3·11"大地震中的广播媒介的表现和"不可替代"的社会效果为我们提出了新思考.     

青少年信息查询行为研究

本文从青少年信息查询行为的种类、信息查询行为的特点以及信息查询行为的影响因素等三个方面,分析了国内外青少年的信息查询行为,并在此基础上对我国青少年的教育和培训提出建议。     

论中国财经新闻中的富人形象

本文对国际金融危机期间(2008年1月-2010年3月间)媒介有关富人报道的文本内容和报道框架的分析,勾勒了财经新闻中的中国富人形象,并归纳出媒介在建构有关富人形象时四种主要模式:野蛮生长、个人奋斗、经济原罪和奢侈消费,揭示了媒介报道中崇富、炫富和仇富的社会心理根源,并探讨了媒介选择的客观公正性。     

香港的传媒、政治和社会变迁

回归后的香港存在着影响传媒表现和运作的众多因素,本文认为再国族化、国际化和本土化是一个有助于分析香港传媒和政治变迁的框架,并以此框架分析了近两年来香港传媒如何响应重大社会和政治事件。在传媒和权力结构之间的关系外,香港的社会和经济转变等非非政治性的社会变迁也影响着香港传媒的发展。     

The Effects of Government Censorship of War-Related News Coverage on Interest in the Censored Coverage: A Test of Competing Theories

Using experimental data from a split-ballot survey conducted just after the 2004 U.S. presidential election, we tested competing predictions from reactance and balance theories on the effect of government censorship of images of ceremonies that include caskets containing dead U.S. soldiers on interest in viewing such images. In contrast to the reactance theory prediction that knowledge of the censorship should prompt increased interest in viewing the images, the effects of knowledge of the policy depended on attraction to George W. Bush, and sometimes knowledge of the policy prompted reduced interest in the photographs. Inconsistencies between the results and predictions derived from reactance and balance theories are resolved using a simple cognitive response model from the persuasion literature.     

Reporting Risk: Perceptions of Fear and Risk from Health News Coverage

Using actual news coverage of an environmental risk, this experimental study examined whether providing unrelated risk comparisons and information about other sources of the same risk influenced readers' reactions to the coverage. The study suggests stories that provide information on other sources of a contaminant may do little to reduce risk perceptions; however, providing information about the magnitude of the risk at hand relative to other risks had several communication benefits. Both comparisons lead readers to feel more informed about the risk and, thus, better able to make decisions than those who did not see the comparisons. Media implications are discussed.     

Computer-Mediated False Consensus: Radical Online Groups,Social Networks and News Media

This study draws on survey data obtained from members in neo-Nazi discussion forums and builds on evidence that participation in these forums exacerbates false consensus, that is, overestimating public support for own views. This study goes further to test whether contacts with dissimilar offline social networks as well as exposure to ideologically dissimilar news media attenuate false consensus and its association with online participation. Contrary to predictions, politically dissimilar networks do not reduce false consensus among the analyzed sample. Exposure to ideologically dissimilar news media, on the other hand, results in more accurate estimates (main effect), but it exacerbates false consensus as resulting from participation in neo-Nazi online groups (interactive effect). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.     

Bad News: The Changing Coverage of National Leaders in Foreign Media of Western Democracies

This is a study on international news flow based on a computerized analysis of foreign news coverage of national leaders in seven liberal democracies (Canada, Germany, France, Israel, Italy, the U.K., and the U.S.), encompassing a period of 30 years (N = 266,177). The results attest to a longitudinal trend in the coverage of foreign leaders in the political media of three countries—Canada, the U.S., and the U.K.: the tone is becoming increasingly negative. Two main factors account for these variations. The first is the level of political personalization in foreign coverage: Greater focus on foreign leaders is positively associated with increasing negativity toward these leaders. The second factor relates to proximity between countries: Negativity was found to be inversely and significantly associated with value and geographic proximity and to be inversely associated, with marginal significance, with political and economic proximity.     

Partisan Balance and Bias in Network Coverage of the 2000 and 2004 Presidential Elections

This study conceptualizes news bias as a causal factor producing systematic imbalance in the coverage of conflicting sides. Partisan bias is distinguished from structural bias by coverage that systematically favors one side with more prominence and attention. Content analysis was used to compare the television networks' balance in their treatment of Republican and Democratic candidates in stories and segments covering the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections. Presidential candidates received balanced aggregate treatment in both elections. But individual networks differed in their partisan balance. CBS News consistently favored the Democratic candidate in both elections, unlike the mixed results for ABC and NBC. CBS's pattern of imbalance, especially in the 2004 election, suggests a possible political bias in its coverage.