博物馆青少年教育需求调查报告

我国博物馆数量最大的观众群体是青少年学生。加强对这一群体的调查研究,有利于博物馆承担社会教育职能,促进博物馆教育与学校教育的有效衔接,是探索构建具有均等性、广覆盖的博物馆青少年教育项目长效发展良性机制的前提。本文通过随机调查问卷的方法,对青少年学生、教师、家长进行博物馆教育需求调查,并根据统计结果分析了博物馆青少年教育项目开发的必要性以及博物馆在馆校结合开发青少年教育项目过程中具有的积极作用。     

Mobile Library Service in Key Chinese Academic Libraries

Mobile Internet applications and service innovations are changing people's way of life. At the same time, they are also changing the way that people communicate and access information. People who visited libraries to find specific information in the past are now able to find the same information online. As the spectrum of human need grows, the opportunities for librarians to meet these needs are also growing. Libraries will need to be designed to accommodate the changing needs of their users. Mobile library services can meet users' information needs in a fast-paced society. In this investigation we identified 39 university libraries supported by the Ministry of Education's “Project 985” and evaluated their status as mobile library service providers.     

The Delphi Project: Transforming Flemish Libraries Into User-Oriented Points of Information

ABSTRACT

Flemish libraries have historically been praised by visitors and valued by the general public, but since the turn of the century, they have seen a decline in usage. A group of libraries in Flanders believed the role of libraries should be substantially reevaluated. They embarked on the “Delphi Project” to establish methods for libraries to become centers of their local communities by focusing on the information needs of their customers. The emergence of technology supported a shift from libraries as lending institutions to information centers. In addition to a customer service philosophy and training, online tools have helped staff reach library users. An online tool called the “Bronnenwijizer” combines searching the local library catalogue, provincial and state catalogues, and the Internet. The tool also supports the creation of “baskets” for a patron's information needs that can be shared with other staff. Delphi libraries have also used “Infopleinen,” Web-based guides to topics featuring printed media and online sources. Finally, a new online question registration system was developed that fit the new Delphi service philosophy. Over half the libraries in West-Vlaanderen are entitled to call themselves Delphi Libraries, and the philosophy is being disseminated more broadly through the Delphi Project Web site. Due to governmental changes in provincial authority, the future of the project is challenged because coordination among libraries has been critical for the project's success.     

观众究竟在博物馆里参观到了什么？

在当今社会,博物馆为提升全民素质起到越来越重要的作用。为了更好地发挥博物馆的社会教育功能,博物馆馆员在教育活动设计或者展览设计的过程中有必要了解观众的参观需求以及参观偏好。因此,为了体现“以观众为中心”的工作理念,作者从“观众”的视角,对一次博物馆的参观体验进行观察和反思。本次探索发现,由于观众自身所处的社会文化背景的差异,他们面对同一件展品有着不同的关注点和兴趣点。这种差异性提醒博物馆馆员在与观众进行互动的过程中,需要了解观众的不同需求和不同偏好。并且,这种参观视角的多样性也为博物馆的教育工作提供了创意的源泉。     

University of Central Florida Librarians on Location

Abstract

Librarians on Location is an innovative project implemented at the University of Central Florida and is designed to move reference service out of the library to meet the needs of students. At two campus locations outside of the library, librarians use a wireless laptop to provide reference service and demonstrate library resources. The intent is to proactively meet the information needs of those students and faculty who might otherwise remain unaware of the extensive resources provided by the library. The nature of the project also addresses differing information-seeking styles in an informal setting. Because of the location in different buildings on campus, the project enhances the library's visibility to faculty, administrators, and students. Librarians on Location is one part of an ongoing and innovative outreach program at the University of Central Florida Library.     

An Information Access Model at a Distant Branch Library

Abstract

Academic branch libraries located at a distance from the parent institution often face unique challenges in meeting users' needs for scholarly information. This is especially true for distant branch libraries that do not have a specialized function or collection, but who often face the challenge of meeting users' needs for scholarly materials across a wide array of academic disciplines. This paper discusses the definition of academic branch libraries and the information access plan developed for the Regents Center Library at the University of Kansas Edwards Campus, located some 40 miles from the main parent institution, the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. In addition, a discussion of the mission, academic programs, and special user characteristics of the Edwards Campus that impacted the development of the information access plan is included. Finally, the factors that affected and will continue to affect the plan, along with methods for managing the implementation of the plan, are provided.     

在图书馆设立典籍博物馆的思考

典籍博物馆的概念有广义和狭义两种,本文主要从狭义方面对典籍博物馆的概念、功能、与图书馆的关系以及图书馆设立典籍博物馆的意义进行了探讨内容。典籍博物馆与图书馆有着深厚的历史渊源,现实也有共同的基本元素和相似的功能。典籍博物馆在汇聚典籍精品、服务社会大众、提升图书馆精神价值方面具有重要意义。对典籍博物馆的规划建设,需秉持因地制宜,继承传统,发挥专长,办出特色的原则。在图书馆中设立典籍博物馆,既可作为实体,也可作为理念,强调以典籍博物馆功能在图书馆内实现为目的的原则。在此基础上,探讨了国家典籍博物馆的初步规划。     

国内外博物馆学习研究回顾与启示——基于Citespace的可视化分析

博物馆学习隶属于非正式学习领域,在我国教育研究中处于边缘地位,为了推进国内博物馆学习研究向纵深方向发展,需要把握国际相关研究的热点与前沿趋势。文章采用CiteSpace分析软件对国内外相关文献的发文量、关键词共现、聚类及突现等方面进行可视化分析。总结博物馆学习研究再出发的路径：利用现代信息技术,实现博物馆数字化学习;关注公众参与及影响因素,提高博物馆学习质量;理论与实践相结合,深化博物馆科学学习研究;基于博物馆学习结果多元性,开展纵向研究;立足本土文化,深化馆校合作实证研究。     

大数据赋能科技馆客流分析——以中国科技馆观众大数据分析平台为例

近年来,随着信息技术的高速发展和科技馆管理要求的不断提高,为更好地了解和掌握观众所需,提升科技馆的管理和服务能力,采用大数据等先进的信息技术手段,创新更加人性化的贴身服务,已成为科技馆的迫切需求。本文以中国科技馆观众大数据分析平台为例,介绍了如何通过移动终端信号监测解决场馆内精准定位问题,并运用运营商大数据实现对科技馆客流统计、观众画像和行为分析,为大数据在科普场馆智慧化应用方面提供参考。     

Building the College Library Collection to Support Curriculum Growth

Because the mission of smaller academic libraries serving fewer than 10,000 full-time enrolled students is mainly to serve the curriculum-based needs of students and faculty, collection management in these libraries needs to be directly related to changes in the curriculum of the parent institution. A look into applicable collection management literature, combined with one library's experience, offers insights about effective curriculum-based collection building in a smaller academic library setting. To achieve efficiency, collection managers must maintain up-to-date knowledge of changing instructional and research needs at their institutions, the needs new programs have for library materials, appropriate collection assessment tools, and the tasks involved in a focused expansion project. By optimizing consultations with faculty and evaluation procedures scaled to its needs, the library at North Georgia College & State University, a modestly sized academic institution, established a model for becoming an active participant in new course and program planning during the application stage, ensuring appropriate library support for new courses and programs of study.     

Helping Adult Undergraduates Make the Best Use of Emerging Technologies

Summary

College campuses are faced with an ever-increasing number of adult undergraduates, some of whom are returning to complete degree programs, while others are coming to college for the first time. In order to teach these adult learners effectively, colleges must recognize that they have academic and social needs, as well as life experiences, that are different from those of the traditional-aged undergraduates, and adapt their educational approaches accordingly. Adult students' experiences with and beliefs about libraries and information technology also differ from those of younger students. This must be taken into account when providing library instruction to this population.     

高校博物馆研学旅行的发展历程、现实境况与优化策略

高校博物馆研学旅行的发展历经蓄势积淀、起步发展阶段,目前正处于快速发展阶段。我国高校博物馆研学旅行教育资源丰富,研学旅行市场需求旺盛,但在高校博物馆研学课程建设和研学配套资源供给方面存在欠缺,影响高校博物馆高质量研学旅行活动的开展。鉴于此,本文从立足独特馆藏资源、抓住时代发展机遇、加强研学课程开发、优化研学配套资源供给等四个方面提出新时期高校博物馆研学旅行的优化策略,以期打造高质量的高校博物馆研学旅行活动,充分释放高校博物馆的教育潜能。     

Shopping for Health Information

ABSTRACT

In this time of ongoing health care changes, consumers need to become better informed to actively participate in their health care decisions. As a result, hospital libraries are being challenged to address this need. Scottsdale Healthcare's Health Sciences Libraries have responded to this challenge by establishing a Health Information Center at the premiere shopping mall in the area. Implementing a Health Information Center at a mall is a unique way to bring medical information to the community. The purpose of this paper is to describe the planning process, the implementation, and the future vision of the Health Information Center at Scottsdale Fashion Square.     

Using & Re-using Archive Information for Multimedia Applications: The Virtual Museum of Italian Computer Science History

The quality of content is a key attribute for assessing the globalquality of a museum application. Unfortunately, producing good content,especially in multimedia digital form, is expensive and time-consuming.One way to reduce the costs without sacrificing quality is to exploitthe concept of information reuse. The idea is to use (portions of) thesame multimedia material in different applications, possibly adapting itfor different contexts, for different categories of users, and fordifferent delivery channels (e.g., on-line and off-line). Informationreuse does not come free. To be effective, it requires a well-organizedenvironment in which information can be easily stored, inspected,retrieved, and adapted for different purposes. This paper describes theapproach adopted in the project ``The Virtual Museum of Italian ComputerScience History', funded by the Italian National Council of Research(CNR). In this project, all the digital material (documents, images,video interviews, etc.) is stored in a digital archive based on amultimedia database with a WWW front-end. The archive is designed forspecialists only: members of the editorial board of the project;researchers in the history of science; application developers (whoare looking for interesting content to include in their CD-ROMs or Websites). Each research group involved in the project extracted andadapted from the digital archive the multimedia material needed to builda different hypermedia application in two ``versions' – WWW andCD-ROM. These applications, both on-line and off-line, strongly reuse(portions of) the digital archive content, but organize and present itwith a totally different style, to address the needs of non-specialists(e.g., people who have some interest, or curiosity, in the history ofItalian computer science).     

数字博物馆的架构设计与建设实践

数字博物馆是以数字形态存在的博物馆,是利用数字技术对实体博物馆功能的有效延展方式。文章重点讨论了数字博物馆的架构设计和层次模型、项目管理等问题,也简要介绍了建设数字博物馆的一些相关数字技术。     

农村中学科技馆项目创新升级的思考

农村中学科技馆公益项目实施10年来,取得了显著的工作成果,已成为科技馆体系服务基层的中坚力量之一,同时也遇到诸多发展困境。本文以调研数据为依托,系统分析该项目的建设情况,从新时代项目发展的新趋势出发,尝试提出精准建设、资源开发、活动联动、标准研究、巡展开放、教师培育、多方共建等新举措,为谋划项目的高质量发展提供参考。     

4~7岁儿童对博物馆动物剥制标本认知的研究

以参观博物馆的4~7岁儿童为测试对象,探查他们对博物馆动物剥制标本的认知。结果发现,4~7岁儿童可对动物剥制标本做出有生命或无生命、自然物或人造物两个层面的判断区分。进一步细分,儿童对动物标本现状的认知可分为真的自然物、假的人造物、真的生命体和假的非生命体四种类型。儿童对标本生物属性和真实属性理解的正确率均随年龄的增长而提高。年龄对儿童的认知具有显著性的影响。随着年龄的增长,儿童逐渐接近和达到成人的认知水平,即可认识到博物馆中陈列的动物剥制标本代表真实的自然物,能够体现自然界中真实存在生物的科学信息。     

简论图书馆与博物馆的合作

信息化社会要求资源共享。图书馆和博物馆都是文化信息中心,有着广泛的合作基础。文章以中央美术学院图书馆与美术馆合作办展为例,从社会发展、经济发展、技术发展、服务方式和馆藏使用五个方面,探讨图书馆与博物馆合作的必要性,并从功能基础、历史基础、资源基础三个方面,探讨图书馆与博物馆合作的可能性以及二馆合作的丰富内容。     

以跨学科、探究、实践为核心的博物馆STEM教育——以“未来航海家”STEM系列课程设计为例

本文从STEM教育与博物馆教育的共性、博物馆教育活动现状两方面论述了STEM教育理念应用于博物馆课程设计与实施的必要性和迫切性。以上海中国航海博物馆“未来航海家STEM系列课程”为例,剖析了博物馆STEM系列课程的设计开发路径,以“渡河的工具”子课程为例探讨了如何将“跨学科”“探究”“实践”三大核心理念有机融入博物馆STEM课程设计中,并对课程实施的难点进行反思,为将STEM教育整合融入我国博物馆课程设计提供参考。     

将博物馆展览策划做成一项文化创意活动 ——《博物馆展览策划:理念与实务》书评

展览是博物馆的核心工作之一,也是博物馆服务社会最普遍和最直接的途径。《博物馆展览策划:理念与实务》一书作者结合多年的博物馆理论研究和博物馆展览策划实践经验,直击当下我国博物馆展览策划的核心问题,对现代博物馆陈列展览策划所应遵循的理念、工作流程和工作规范进行了详细阐述,为当前及未来一段时期内我国博物馆的展览策划工作提出了极为具象的实践指南。