Evaluation of the dust and methanol extracts of Garcinia kolae for the control of Callosobruchus maculatus （F.） and Sitophilus zeamais （Mots）

Insecticidal effects of different doses of the dust and methanol extracts of Garcinia kolae on Callosobruchus maculatus and Sitophilus zeamais were tested. The dust had no significant effect on the two insects, none of them died even at 3 d after treatment. The methanol extracts, however, had rapid lethal effects on both C. maculatus and S. zeamais. The mortality of C. maculatus by the lowest concentration of methanol extracts ranged from 95%-100% whereas in S. zeamais, the mortality ranged from 87.5%-100% and 70%-100% in concentrations of 1 g extract＋3 ml methanol and 1 g extract＋5 ml methanol, respectively, from 24 to 48 h. The least concentration of 1 g extract＋l 5 ml methanol had no significant lethal effect on Sitophilus zeamais.     

Identification of quantitative trait loci and epistasis for root characteristics and root exudations in maize （Zea mays L.） under deficient phosphorus

The phosphorus uptake （PU） in above-ground parts of plant, root characteristics and root exudations as well as the quantitative trait loci （QTLs） associated with these characteristics were determined for a F2：3 population derived from the cross of two contrasting maize （Zea mays L.） genotypes, 082 and Yel07. A total of 241 F2：3 families were evaluated in replicated trials under deficient phosphorus conditions in 2007 at two sites （Kaixian County and Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China）. The results show pleiotropy and close linkage among QTLs. Four common regions in different environments were in bnlg100- bnlg1268b （bins 1.02） for QTL of H＋, bnlg1268a-umc1290a （bins 1.09） for QTL of AP （acid phospbatase activity）, dupssrl5- P 1MT/a （bins 6.06） for QTLs of PU （phosphorus uptake） and RW （root weight）, and P IM3/d-P1M3/g （bins9.04） for QTLs of PU and AP. These QTLs are non-environment or minor QTLs x environment. By epistatic analysis, three main QTLs and eighteen QTLs x QTLs interactions were detected for the seven measured characteristics. These QTLs may affect trait expression by epistatic interaction with the other loci, and make a substantial contribution to phosphorus utilization efficiency, which should be considered when breeding maize varieties with high P efficiency. Two regions were detected in dupssrl 5- P1MT/a （bins 6.06） for QTL of RW and P1M3/d- P 1M3/g （bins 9.04） for QTL of PU and AP. They were detected in two different environments and by two methods of QTL analysis, which were useful for marker-assisted selection.     

Targeting of human aFGF gene into silkworm,Bombyx mori L. through homologous recombination

INTRODUCTION Transgenic technology developed over the 20years, has become a common tool widely applied tolivestock species because it is technically quitesimple, requiring only the injection of ‘naked’DNA into the nucleus of a fertilized eggs (Hammeret al., 1985; Suraokar and Bradley, 2000). Howeverthis technique has limitations in that the injectedDNA integrates randomly into the genome and thuscould not be expressed in the desired tissue or at theappropriate level. More impor…     

Accumulation of 1-deoxynojirimycin in silkworm, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombyx mori</Emphasis> L.

1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) contents in the silkworm,Bombyx mori,at different developmental stages and tissues were investigated by using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The 1-DNJ contents of silkworm larvae change significantly with their developmental stages. The male larvae showed higher accumulation efficiency of 1-DNJ than the females and also a significant variation was observed among the silkworm strains. The present results show that tissue distribution of 1-DNJ was significantl...     

Analysis of bulked segregants to identify molecular markers linked with cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight in the silkworm Bombyx mori L

Two silkworm strains viz, B20 A (high cocoon shell ratio) and C.Nichi (low cocoon shell ratio) were sib mated for 10 generations to determine the homozygosis. Both bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and near isogenic lines (NIL) studies were done to identify the RFLP markers closely linked to cocoon shell parameters. Three hundred and fifty-two random clones were identified as the low copy number sequence and used for identification of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic (RFLP) marker linked to cocoon weight and cocoon shell character. In the bulk segregant analysis, DNA from the parents (B20 A, C.Nichi), F1 and F2 progeny of high shell ratio (HSR) and low shell ratio (LSR) were screened for hybridization with the random clones. Polymorphic banding pattern achieved through southern hybridization with different probes indicated the probable correlation of polymorphism with high and low cocoon shell character which are possible landmarks in identifying the putative marker(s) for the cocoon shell character. Out of the 100 probes tried with parents, F1, F2 and their bulks, 10 probes were found to be closely linked to cocoon shell characters.     

广东财政支出绩效评价改革探析

我国从2003年开始探索财政支出绩效评价改革，广东作为试点取得了一些经验，也暴露出不少问题。为推进改革，广东须将该评价纳入全省财政改革总框架，逐步建立相应的信息系统和数据库，适时推进权责发生制预算会计改革，建立健全财政支出监督机制，引导公民积极参与评价并大力发展中介机构。     

Effects of jinlu, an anti-juvenile hormone on the growth, ultra-structure of the corpora allata and prothoracic gland of silkworm,Bombyx mori L

The 4th instar larvae of the silkworm,Bombyx mori L, when treated with anti-juvenile hormone (Jinlu) had its larval period extended by 2 days and the total larval period shortened by about 4 days. The conversion ratio of tetramolters into trimolters was 100%. But anti-juvenile hormone administration to the 5th instar larvae lengthened the silkworm age by one day. When anti-juvenile hormone was administered, we could find many neurosecretory granules of the brain transferred to the cells of the corpora allata, but there was little endoplasmic reticulum. In the prothoracic gland, the micropile edge was clear and there were large nucleoli, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. This study was carried out to show that anti-JH compound inhibits the secretion of Juvenile hormone in silkwormBombyx mori L. The investigation revealed that the antijuvenile hormone inhibited the secretion of corpora allata and initiated the activity of the prothoracic gland. Project supported by the Government of China and Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India for Bilateral exchange program. Post-Doctoral Scholar in College of Animal Sciences of Zhejiang University now, from Sri Padmavathi Women’s University, India.     

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the stay safe primary prevention programme for child sexual abuse

OBJECTIVE: This child abuse prevention study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Stay Safe Programme in training unscreened 7 and 10 year old children in personal safety skills. Subsidiary aims were to evaluate the program's impact on children's self-esteem and parents' and teachers' knowledge and attitudes of relevance to child abuse and protection. METHOD: Changes in safety knowledge and skills and self-esteem of 339 children who participated in the Stay Safe Programme were compared with those of 388 waiting list controls. Children in the training group were also followed up at 3 months. In addition, the knowledge and attitudes of parents and teachers of children who completed the program were evaluated before and after the program and 5 month follow-up data were collected from teachers only. RESULTS: Compared with waiting-list controls, trained children showed significant improvements in safety knowledge and skills and these gains were maintained at follow-up. The greatest gains were made by 7 year olds. Children who participated in the program also showed significant improvements in self-esteem which were maintained at 3 months follow-up but only the 7 year olds in the training group made significantly larger gains in self-esteem than their control group counterparts. Children with a higher socioeconomic status benefited more from the program than less privileged children. Both parents and teachers showed significant improvements in knowledge and attitudes concerning protection over the course of the program and for teachers, these gains were maintained at follow-up. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the Stay Safe Programme was effective in training children in safety skills and so may usefully be used as a primary prevention intervention for child abuse.     

甜樱桃S等位基因与育种

樱桃为蔷薇科李属植物,属配子体自交不亲和系统.该属植物其S基因在雌蕊中特异表达的蛋白产物S-RNase,能够降解同一品种花粉管中的RNA,抑制自体花粉的受精作用.S等位基因的结构在基因水平上都具有3个外显子和2个内含子,在蛋白水平上有5个高度保守区.S等位基因在雌蕊和花粉中的表达具有时间和组织特异性,并且受植物生长发育时期的调控,这种特异性的自交不亲和反应由多态的S位点单模型决定.分子系统发育树显示甜樱桃S等位基因聚为三类.S等位基因在樱桃各品种间配置授粉树和亲本育种的选配方面起重要作用.     

非营利组织绩效评估的阻力和对策分析

非营利组织绩效评估是非营利组织管理的重要组成部分,是提高非营利组织运营绩效的基本手段。但是由于我国非营利组织起步晚,在其绩效评估中存在着许多的阻力。为了更好地解决我国非营利组织在绩效评估中所遇到的实际问题,提高非营利组织绩效管理水平,必须深入地探讨完善非营利组织绩效评估的对策,本文就非营利组织绩效评估的阻力及对策进行了浅析。     

全视角反馈评价在高校教育信息化绩效评价中的运用

全视角反馈评价是一种由多个评价者对被评价体进行全面评估的方法,将全视角反馈评价运用到高校绩效评价之中可以增加评价的真实性、可信性和透明度,通过多方反馈有利于找出高校教育信息化中存在的具体问题,并根据这些问题提出切实可行的措施来改善教育信息化绩效。     

Assessment of genetic diversity by simple sequence repeat markers among forty elite varieties in the germplasm for malting barley breeding

The genetic diversity and relationship among 40 elite barley varieties were analyzed based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping data. The amplified fragments from SSR primers were highly polymorphic in the barley accessions investigated. A total of 85 alleles were detected at 35 SSR loci, and allelic variations existed at 29 SSR loci. The allele number per locus ranged from 1 to 5 with an average of 2.4 alleles per locus detected from the 40 barley accessions. A cluster analysis based on the genetic similarity coefficients was conducted and the 40 varieties were classified into two groups. Seven malting barley varieties from China fell into the same subgroup. It was found that the genetic diversity within the Chinese malting barley varieties was narrower than that in other barley germplasm sources, suggesting the importance and feasibility of introducing elite genotypes from different origins for malting barley breeding in China.