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1.
Ethanol-induced liver injury may be linked, at least partly, to an oxidative stress resulting from increased free radical
production and/or decreased antioxidant defence. Distinguishing alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease has important implications.
This study looked at the possible changes between alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases by examining the presence of
oxidative damage, as monitored by several parameters relating to oxidative stress. Lipid peroxides concentration, superoxide
dismutase activity and glutathione S-transferase activity increased, where as glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase
activity and glutathione reductase activity decreased among the tested subjects in comparison to normal healthy group. Determination
of these parameters may be valuable in the evaluation of liver disease. However, oxidative stress related enzymes and non-enzymes
can not be utilized as a marker for alcoholic liver diseases, as these parameters responded in the same way after liver is
damaged irrespective of their cause. Their level may help in determining the degree of liver damage. Degree of oxidative injury
was similar in patients with non-alcoholic liver disease and in moderate drinkers; while significantly higher in heavy drinkers.
The differences between the groups might be based on the type of liver pathological condition rather than its etiology (i.e.
alcohol and non alcohol related causes). 相似文献
2.
Subir Kumar Das Sowmya Varadhan L. Dhanya Sukhes Mukherjee D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):341-344
After administration, ethanol and its metabolites go through the kidneys and are excreted into urine. The kidney seems to
be the only vital organ generally spared in chronic alcoholics. Therefore, we investigated the multiple effects of chronic
ethanol exposure on renal function tests and on oxidative stress related parameters in the kidney. Chronic ethanol (1.6 g
ethanol/ kg body weight/ day) exposure did not show any significant change in relative weight (g/ 100g body weight) of kidneys,
serum calcium level or glutathione s-transferase activity. However, urea and creatinine concentration in serum, and TBARS
level in kidney elevated significantly, while reduced glutathione content and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione
reductase and superoxide dismutase diminished significantly after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure. Catalase activity showed increased
activity after 4 weeks of ethanol exposure and decreased activity after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure. Genesis of renal ultrastructural
abnormalities after 12 weeks of ethanol exposure may be important for the development of functional disturbances. This study
revealed that chronic ethanol exposure for longer duration is associated with deleterious effects in the kidney. 相似文献
3.
S. K. Aggarwal Harjit Singh A. S. Saini 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1989,4(1):70-75
Red blood cells (RBC) from iron-deficient chidren were found to have decreased levels of reduced glutathione and reduced content
of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase than RBC from normal control children.
These findings suggest an increased oxidant stress on iron-deficient red cells which may be one of the mechanisms responsible
for membrane alterations leading to shortened life span of erythrocytes in iron-deficiency anaemia. 相似文献
4.
M Maneesh H Jayalekshmi T Suma S Chatterjee A Chakrabarti T A Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):129-130
Evidence of increased oxidative stress in patients of osteoarthritis in comparison with healthy control subjects was investigated
by measuring the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), vitamin C, reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities
of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes. It was observed that osteoarthritis
patients were more susceptible to oxidative damage than controls as evident from increased TBARS and decreased ascorbic acid,
GSH, catalase and GPx in erythrocytes. Significant increase in SOD activity found in patients might be an adaptive response.
With the understanding of the role of antioxidants in arthritis, it is becoming increasingly clear that these agents seem
to be beneficial in osteoarthritis. 相似文献
5.
Damodara Reddy V Padmavathi P Gopi S Paramahamsa M Varadacharyulu NCh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2010,25(4):419-424
The effect of Emblica officinalis fruit extract (EFE) against alcohol-induced hepatic damage in rats was investigated in the present study. In vitro studies showed that EFE possesses antioxidant as well nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity. In vivo administration of alcohol (5 g/kg b.wt/day) for 60 days resulted increased liver lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, nitrite plus nitrate levels. Alcohol administration also significantly lowers the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione as compared with control rats. Administration of EFE (250 mg/kg body weight) to alcoholic rats significantly brought the plasma enzymes towards near normal level and also significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and restored the enzymic and non-enzymatic antioxidants level. This observation was supplemented by histopathological examination in liver. Our data indicate that the tannoid, flavonoid and NO scavenging compounds present in EFE may offer protection against free radical mediated oxidative stress in rat hepatocytes of animals with alcohol-induced liver injury. 相似文献
6.
Neela Patil Vishwas Chavan N. D. Karnik 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(1):45-51
Free radicals play an important role in the pathogenesis of tissue damage in many clinical disorders, including atherosclerosis.
Antioxidants protect the body from damage caused by free radicals. In this study we investigated oxidative stress, antioxidants
and inflammatory molecules in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study has been carried out on 106 patients with
acute myocardial infarction, (89 men and 17 females). The control group consisted of 50 healthy, age-matched subjects (40
men and 10 females). Levels of Glucose, lipid profile, glutathione reduced, glutathione peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase,
Glycosylated hemoglobin, fibrinogen, vitamin C, vitamin E, malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin, adenosine deaminase, lysozyme and
sialic acid were measured. Malondialdehyde and ceruloplasmin levels were significantly high and antioxidants such as vitamin
C, vitamin E, glutathione reduced, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were significantly decreased in diabetic
and non-diabetic AMI patients as compared with control (p<0.001). Inflammatory markers showed significant rise in diabetic
patients as compared with controls. Our results clearly show increased inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with
acute myocardial infarction. Depression of antioxidant system in these patients confirms this conclusion. 相似文献
7.
Subir Kumar Das L. Dhanya Sowmya Varadhan Sukhes Mukherjee D. M. Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(3):301-306
Alcohol consumption and health outcomes are complex and multidimensional. Ethanol (1.6g / kg body weight/ day) exposure initially
affects liver function followed by renal function of 16–18 week-old male albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 200–220 g.
Chronic ethanol ingestion increased in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level and glutathione s-transferase activity;
while decreased reduced gluatathione content and activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase
in a time dependent manner in the hemolysate. Though superoxide dismutase activity increased initially might be due to adaptive
response, but decreased later. Elevation of serum nitrite level and transforming growth factor-b1 activity indicated that long-term ethanol consumption may cause hepatic fibrosis and can elicit pro-angiogenic factors. However,
no alteration in vascular endothelial growth factor-C activity indicated that ethanol consumption is not associated with lymphangiogenesis.
Therefore, we conclude that long-term ethanol-induced toxicity is linked to an oxidative stress, which may aggravate to fibrosis
and elevate pro-angiogenic factors, but not associated with lymphangiogenesis. 相似文献
8.
Krishna Mohan Surapneni V. S. Chandrasada Gopan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(1):41-44
The changes in the erythrocyte lipid peroxidation products (MDA), levels of glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid and plasma vitamin
E (non enzymatic antioxidant parameters) and activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase
(GPX), catalase in erythrocytes and plasma glutathione - S - transferase (GST) activity were estimated in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis. This work was undertaken to assess oxidative stress and anti oxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
It was observed that there was a significant increase in erythrocyte MDA levels, activities of SOD, GPX, plasma GST and a significant decrease in erythrocyte GSH, ascorbic acid, plasma vitamin E levels and catalse activity in
patients with rheumatoid arthritis when compared to controls. The results of our study suggests higher oxygen free radical
production, evidenced by increased MDA and decreased GSH, ascorbic acid, vitamin E and Catalase activity, support to the oxidative
stress in rheumatoid arthritis. The increased activities of antioxidant enzymes may be a compensatory regulation in response
to increased oxidative stress. 相似文献
9.
M Maneesh H Jayalekshmi Sanjiba Dutta Amit Chakrabarti D M Vasudevan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(2):62-67
The study was undertaken to evaluate the possible involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ethanol induced testicular
atrophy in rats. Adult male rats were orally administered ethanol at a dose of 1.6 g/kg body weight/day for four weeks. Twenty-four
hours after the last treatment the rats were sacrificed using anesthetic ether. Testes were removed and weighed. Apoptosis
was studied by using the Feulgen reaction on 5 μ thin paraffin sections of testis. Testicular homogenate was prepared and
centrifuged. The supernatant was used for the estimation of extent of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense status. There
was significant reduction in body weight: and in testicular weight and diameter in ethanol treated rats. Extent of germ cell
apoptosis was significantly high in ethanol treated rats. Ethanol treated rats showed significantly high tissue TBARS level
and glutathione S-transferase activity; and low tissue ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase,
glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. Chronic ethanol administration resulted in high oxidative stress
in the testes either due to increased extent of lipid peroxidation or due to decreased antioxidant defenses, and thereby induces
germ cell apoptosis leading to testicular atrophy. 相似文献
10.
Alcohol induced oxidative stress is linked to the metabolism of ethanol. In this study it has been observed that administration
of ethanol in lower concentration caused gain in body and liver weight. while higher concentration of ethanol caused lesser
gain in body and liver weight. Ethanol treatment enhanced lipid peroxidation significantly, depletion in levels of hepatic
glutathione and ascorbate, accompanied by a decline in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase,
and increased in hepatic glutathione s-transferase activity. Interestingly catalase activity increases in lower concentration
of ethanol exposure, and decreased in higher concentration. Superoxide dismutase activity was also increased on ethanol exposure.
But, ethanol feeding did not show any effect on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Ethanol ingestion perturbs the
antioxidant system in a dose and time dependent manner. 相似文献
11.
C. V. Divyambika S. Sathasivasubramanian G. Vani A. J. Vanishree N. Malathi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(3):348-355
This study aimed to correlate the oxidative stress marker levels in saliva with the clinical stage based on mouth opening, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) patients. The study included patients clinically diagnosed with OSF (n = 63) and equal number of age and gender matched controls. Patients with OSF were defined by mouth opening stage, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades. Unstimulated saliva from both control and OSF patients were analysed for oxidative markers like lipid peroxides (LPO), non-enzymic antioxidants [reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin C] and enzymatic antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and correlated with different stages and grades. Total salivary protein and LPO were significantly increased in OSF group with no significant change in the levels of GSH compared to controls. In OSF patients, a significant decrease in the levels of vitamins A, C and E was observed. The activities of salivary SOD and GPx were significantly decreased in OSF patients compared to controls. These changes significantly correlated with the increasing and differing grades of OSF that reflects increased oxidative stress with the progress of OSF. 相似文献
12.
D. Vijayakumar K. Suresh S. Manoharan Ph.D. 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):105-105
The main objective of the study was to assess the oxidative stress in plasma and erythrocytes of rheumatoid arthritis patients
by measuring the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin E, C and reduced
glutathione) and enzymatic antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx)]. This
study has been conducted on twenty-two adult female rheumatoid arthritis patients and an equal number of healthy subjects.
Elevated lipid peroxidation and multidirectional changes in the antioxidant defence system were noticed in patients with rheumatoid
arthritis. The enhanced lipid peroxidation accompanied by disturbance in antioxidant status indicates that rheumatoid arthritis
patients are more prone to free radical mediated oxidative damage. 相似文献
13.
Gora Dadheech Sandhya Mishra Shiv Gautam Praveen Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):34-38
A disturbance in the antioxidant defense system including α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and reduced glutahtione metabolism due
to free radical induced oxidative injury has been implicated in various neuro-psychiatric disorders. The roles of these antioxidants,
changes in their blood levels and correlation with oxidative stress were studied in a common psychiatric illness Schizophrenia.
Fifty-eight subjects of either sex ranging in age from 18–60 years divided into two age groups (≤40 and >40 years) diagnosed
for schizophrenia, and forty age and sex-matched normal subjects as controls were included in the study. Blood samples were
analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), α-tocopherol, total ascorbic acid (TAA), dehydro ascorbic acid (DHAA), reduced ascorbic
acid (RAA), leucocyte ascorbic acid (LAA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). A decrease in the levels of α-tocopherol, total ascorbic
acid and reduced glutathione was found in schizophrenics compared to normal controls. Further a significant rise in oxidative
stress and decreased antioxidant status was observed in the chronic stage of schizophrenia as compared to those in acute condition.
A significant rise in dehydroascorbic acid with concomitant fall in reduced ascorbic acid suggests scavenging action of ascorbic
acid and its utilization with increased oxidative stress as indicated by high blood malondialdehyde levels. Leucocyte ascorbic
acid, a better index of ascorbic acid status was also found to be reduced in schizophrenics, suggesting depletion of body
stores of ascorbic acid and the condition worsened with advancing age. 相似文献
14.
P. Sabitha Kannan Vaidyanathan D. M. Vasudevan Prakash Kamath 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2009,24(1):76-81
In this study, we compared the lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes of normal and diabetic subjects consuming two different
types of oil as cooking medium. 70 normal, healthy subjects were taken as controls and 70 subjects with Type 2 diabetes were
recruited in patient group. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups of 35 subjects each, consuming coconut oil
and sunflower oil respectively as cooking medium. Samples of blood were collected and analyzed for serum total cholesterol,
triacylglycerols, and cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions. Total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were measured in
erythrocytes and superoxide dismutase in serum. Triacylglycerols, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels were high in the diabetic
subjects compared to the controls. Total glutathione and glutathione peroxidase values showed significant decrease in diabetic
subjects as compared to the controls, while superoxide dismutase values showed significant difference between coconut oil
consuming groups. Though lipid profile parameters and oxidative stress were high in Type 2 diabetic subjects compared to controls,
no pronounced changes for these parameters were observed between the subgroups (coconut oil vs. sunflower oil). 相似文献
15.
Mridula Mahajan Nitika Tiwari Ritu Sharma Sukhraj Kaur Neetirajan Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2013,28(1):51-54
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause damage to the DNA producing mutations and formation of tumours such as carcinoma of breast. Tumour cells are known to produce ROS at a greater pace than the non-transformed cells. The increased production of reactive oxygen species causes oxidative stress leading to cell proliferation and hence increased inflammatory conditions. The present study was aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Females suffering from breast cancer had significantly decreased Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in comparison to normal females. The compromised antioxidant defence system produces the oxidative stress which in turn creates the inflammatory response shown by concomitant increased adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in female patients. ADA diminishes the protective molecule adenosine. There were significant variations (p < 0.01) in ADA activity with different clinical stages (stage 1–4) of breast cancer suggesting thereby that estimation of ADA activity can be used as a diagnostic tool to detect the stage of cancer along with cytological studies. Mastectomy was performed and post-operatively serum SOD and ADA activity and plasma GSH levels were estimated. There was a statistically significant increase in activity of SOD and levels of GSH while serum ADA activity decreased significantly, suggesting thereby that oxidative stress is responsible for increased cell proliferation and hence the inflammatory conditions in CA breast that got ameliorated post-operatively. 相似文献
16.
Ramesh Chandra Ritu Aneja Charu Rewal Rama Konduri Sujaka K. Dass Shefali Agarwal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2000,15(2):155-160
In this communication, we show the modulatory potential of papaverine, an opium alkaloid and a well known vasodilator agent
on the ethanol-induced hepatic oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Ethanol treatment (50% v/v) enhanced lipid peroxidation
significantly accompanied by a decline in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (G-Px), glutathione reductase (GR) and
depletion in levels of hepatic glutathione (GSH). Ethanol administration increased hepatic glutathione-s-transferases (GST).
Enhanced lipid peroxidation induced by ethanol was significantly reduced when papverine was coadministered (P<0.05). In addition,
the depleted levels of glutathione and inhibited activities of G-Px and GR recovered significantly (P<0.05) levelling off
to control values on co-exposure. Papaverine (200 mg/kg bw) effectively antagonised the ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation
and impaired glutathione levels and glutathione dependent enzyme systems. Our results suggest that papaverine is an effective
chemopreventive agent in the liver and may suppress the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity. 相似文献
17.
Present study investigated the effects of isoproterenol-induced oxidative stress on hemodynamic and ventricular functions
in rats. Subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol (85 mg/kg for two consecutive days at 24 h interval) significantly decreased
myocardial antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in heart. Isoproterenol-induced
oxidative stress was also evidenced by significant depletion of reduced glutathione and increased formation of lipid peroxidation
product, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances along with depletion of myocyte injury specific marker enzymes; creatine
phosphokinase isoenzyme and lactate dehydrogenase. The deleterious outcome of oxidative stress on hemodyanmic parameters and
ventricular function were further evidenced by decreased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate,
ventricular contractility; [(+)LVdP/dt] and relaxation; [(−)LVdP/dt], along with an increased left ventricular end diastolic
pressure (LVEDP). Subsequent to changes in heart rate and arterial pressure, isoproterenol also decreased rate pressure product.
Present study findings clearly demonstrate the detrimental outcome of isoproterenol induced-oxidative stress on cardiac function
and tissue antioxidant defense and substantiate its suitability as an animal model for the evaluation of cardioprotective
agents. 相似文献
18.
In this study antioxidant activity of methanol extract of rhizomes ofCurculigo orchioides (MEC) was investigated using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated rat liver as the experimental model. The hepatotoxic rats were administered MEC for 90 days (daily, orally at
the dose of 70 mg per kg body weight). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in CCl4-intoxicated rats was evidenced by a marked increment in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and
diene conjugates (CD), and also a distinct diminution in glutathione (GSH) content in the liver. In CCl4+MEC—treated rats these biochemical parameters attained an almost normal level. The decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes,
such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GRD) in CCl4—intoxicated rats, and its retrieval towards near normalcy in CCl4+MEC—administered rats revealed the efficacy of MEC in combating oxidative stress due to hepatic damage. Elevated level of
glutathione transferase(GTS) observed in hepatotoxic rats too showed signs of retuming towards normalcy in MEC co-administered
animals, thus corroborating the antioxidant efficacy of MEC. The findings provide a rationale for further studies on isolation
of active principles and its pharmacological evaluation. 相似文献
19.
Surekha Bhat Guruprasad Rao K. Dilip Murthy P. Gopalakrishna Bhat 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(2):191-194
High ambient temperature has been reported to increase oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and decreasing antioxidant
defence in transition dairy cows. It is also known to cause an increase in plasma cortisol levels in goats, European hedgehog
and human volunteers. High levels of glucocorticoids have been reported to decrease blood glutathione and erythrocyte superoxide
dismutase activity in rats. Although institutional animal houses in research laboratories of developed countries maintain
animals in air-conditioned rooms at constant temperature, the same is not true of animal houses in the developing countries
especially those belonging to smaller institutions and this could affect the results of the experiments being conducted on
these animals. The present research study was done to assess the effects of seasonal variations on the status of erythrocyte
oxidative damage, antioxidant defence and plasma cortisol levels in adult female Wistar rats. Rats were kept in their home
cages and were left in non-air-conditioned procedure rooms in two different seasons, Hot season (March-May) and Cool season
(June to September). Erythrocyte Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and plasma cortisol levels were significantly increased
in rats exposed to high ambient temperature and humidity of the hot season as compared to the rats of the cool season. Erythrocyte
reduced glutathione levels, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased
in the hot season group of rats. The results of our experiments showed that exposure of adult female Wistar rats to high ambient
temperature and humidity of the hot season increases neuroendocrine stress, oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant defence
in them. 相似文献
20.
Suman B. Sharma Seema Garg Abhinav Veerwal Sridhar Dwivedi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):334-336
Premature coronary artery disease (CAD) is common in India. We, therefore, studied oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and high
sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in young CAD patients. Present study consisted of male CAD patients below 40
years and age and sex matched healthy controls (n=30 each). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde,
antioxidant enzymes and hs-CRP levels. Dyslipidemia was observed in 90% of the young CAD patients, of which 72.2% showed increased
serum triglycerides and decreased HDL-cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol levels were high in 77.8%. Serum malondialdehyde and hs-CRP
levels were increased significantly (p<0.0001) as compared to controls. hs-CRP levels were in high risk range in all the young
patients. However, glutathione peroxidase activity was reduced significantly (p<0.05). Our data suggests that elevated hs-CRP
levels along with dyslipidemia and oxidative stress adds to the predictive value of premature CAD in young Indians. 相似文献