对体质与健康体适能测试指标的比较启示

近年我国对体适能的研究成为热潮,其中以健康体适能测试作为评价身体健康标准与以体质测试作为评价标准成为当前我国对国民健康评定的两股主流势力。通过对体质测试指标与健康体适能的测试指标进行比较分析,认为体质的测试指标与健康体适能的测试指标都不能体现"完全健康"的范畴;在身体健康测试指标中,健康体适能相对于体质更能准确、有效的反映人体的健康状况;但也必须加入心理健康、社会健康、情绪健康、精神健康的测试指标,健康体适能才能更好的体现人体的"完全健康"水平。     

The effects of physical activity and physical fitness on children's achievement and cognitive outcomes: a meta-analysis

It is common knowledge that physical activity leads to numerous health and psychological benefits. However; the relationship between children's physical activity and academic achievement has been debated in the literature. Some studies have found strong, positive relationships between physical activity and cognitive outcomes, while other studies have reported small, negative associations. This study was a comprehensive, quantitative synthesis of the literature, using a total of 59 studies from 1947 to 2009 for analysis. Results indicated a significant and positive effect of physical activity on children's achievement and cognitive outcomes, with aerobic exercise having the greatest effect. A number of moderator variables were also found to play a significant role in this relationship. Findings are discussed in light of improving children's academic performance and changing school-based policy.     

高校体育教育建立健康课程体系的思考

高校体育的目的是增强学生的体质，增进学生的健康。体育健康课程体系是针对高校体育教育实质的大胆构想和创新。它符合时代发展节拍，满足就业对大学生健康的客观要求，最终达到使大学生树立终身体育观，养成自觉锻炼的习惯和目的。     

The physical activity,fitness and health of children

It is clear that, despite their natural tendencies, children have become less physically active in recent decades, with children today expending approximately 600 kcal· day -1 less than their counterparts 50 years ago. Although the health consequences of a reduced energy expenditure in adults is well documented, there is little direct evidence linking sedentariness with health in children. However, three main benefits arising from adequate childhood physical activity have been postulated. The first is direct improvements in childhood health status; evidence is accumulating that more active children generally display healthier cardiovascular profiles, are leaner and develop higher peak bone masses than their less active counterparts. Secondly, there is a biological carryover effect into adulthood, whereby improved adult health status results from childhood physical activity. In particular, childhood obesity may be a precursor for a range of adverse health effects in adulthood, while higher bone masses in young people reduce the risk of osteoporosis in old age. Finally, there may be a behavioural carryover into adulthood, whereby active children are more likely to become more active (healthy) adults. However, supporting evidence for this assertion is weak. Given this background, recent health guidelines suggesting that children should accumulate 60 min of moderate-intensity physical activity every day - supplemented by regular activities that promote strength flexibility and bone strength - appear to be justified. Future developments should include the implementation of large-scale, longitudinal studies spanning childhood and young adulthood, the further refinement of tools for measuring physical activity accurately in young people, and research into the relative strength of association between fitness - as well as activity - and health in children.     

老年人健康问题及其健身锻炼

随着我国进入老龄化,老年人的健康问题日益突出,本文从生理心理方面对老年人健康进行分析,指出老年人 更应在科学的锻炼和合理的饮食上加以注意,并加之同朋友,子女等多方面的交流,以减少心理上的焦虑,压抑,等 等。     

The physical activity, fitness and health of children

It is clear that, despite their natural tendencies, children have become less physically active in recent decades, with children today expending approximately 600 kcal days' less than their counterparts 50 years ago. Although the health consequences of a reduced energy expenditure in adults is well documented, there is little direct evidence linking sedentariness with health in children. However, three main benefits arising from adequate childhood physical activity have been postulated. The first is direct improvements in childhood health status; evidence is accumulating that more active children generally display healthier cardiovascular profiles, are leaner and develop higher peak bone masses than their less active counterparts. Secondly, there is a biological carry-over effect into adulthood, whereby improved adult health status results from childhood physical activity. In particular, childhood obesity may be a precursor for a range of adverse health effects in adulthood, while higher bone masses in young people reduce the risk of osteoporosis in old age. Finally, there may be a behavioural carry-over into adulthood, whereby active children are more likely to become more active (healthy) adults. However, supporting evidence for this assertion is weak. Given this background, recent health guidelines suggesting that children should accumulate 60 min of moderate-intensity physical activity every day--supplemented by regular activities that promote strength flexibility and bone strength--appear to be justified. Future developments should include the implementation of large-scale, longitudinal studies spanning childhood and young adulthood, the further refinement of tools for measuring physical activity accurately in young people, and research into the relative strength of association between fitness--as well as activity--and health in children.     

影响大学生体质健康的因素分析

采用问卷调查、文献资料等方法,分析了学校、体育教师和学生在体育工作和体育活动方面存在的不足,进而将学校的体育工作同增强学生体质、增进学生健康有机地结合起来。     

21世纪初我国康体产业的发展趋向

通过对我国康体产业市场发展趋向的探讨，认为我国康体产业市场运行良好，康体产业内容有多样化的发展趋势，并提出了要注意培养康体产业专业人才、建立和完善康体服务及咨询机构等建议。     

体育教师应树立"健康第一"的思想观念

体育教师思想观念的转变是落实“健康第一”指导思想的关键所在。体育考试评价体系的改革是落实这一指导思想的突破口，而完成这项工程，必须充分调动体育教师的积极性。     

关于中日学生体质健康标准的比较

对中国和日本学生体质健康标准进行了比较研究,肯定了我国颁布的<学生体质健康标准(试行方案)>所具有的重大意义与作用;明确了日本在利用体质测定研究成果、设置全面的学生体质测定与评价运动指标方面比我国要科学规范,提出了我国应该科学合理地设置体质健康标准的项目与评价指标、规范测试与评价方法的改革建议.     

建立我国城市社区运动医学健康服务体系的构想

通过分析和论证,提出建设社区运动医学健康服务体系的构想,探讨构建我国城市社区运动医学健康服务体系的必要性,这一体系涵盖了健身前健康档案建立与运动健身方案的制定、健身方案的实施与过程监控、健身后体能恢复等环节.同时指出这一体系的建构应沿着服务专业化、个性化、高科技的方向发展.     

C. H. McCloy lecture: fifty years of advancements in fitness and activity research

Over the past 50 years progress in fitness and activity research has been influenced by social events, technical innovations, and changes in the field of physical education and kinesiology. The conventional wisdom of the 1950s yielded to a new wisdom based on research evidence. The author's research, as well as the research of others, from 1960 to the present is discussed. The new wisdom focuses on health-related fitness and physical activity promotion based on health behavior change strategies.