Remaking the Germans

Studies have shown that teacher quality is the single greatest factor affecting student achievement. However, it is not simply enough to recruit highly qualified candidates and place them into the schools where they are needed the most; the United States needs a system to support and retain these teachers. This essay posits that school districts need to implement and sustain a comprehensive induction system, which fosters professional learning communities through a network of supports, to retain highly qualified teachers.     

我国教师教育改革的反思

教师专业化是时代的要求。但对教师专业化要有一个正确的理解。教师专业化的本质是提高教师的业务能力。教师教育的转型要服从教师专业水平的提高,而不是削弱。前一段教师教育的改革使一部分教师教育资源流失,值得反思和纠正。要重视教师教育的建设。     

专业化概念下教师资格申报者的资格审视

教师专业化的建设既有赖于教师本人的努力,也需要一定的制度保障。在我国教师教育体系由封闭走向开放的过程中,正在实施的教师资格证书制度由于门槛偏低,致使一定数量非师范专业人员进入教师队伍,这与教师专业化的初衷渐行渐远,为此,需从提高中报者的学历和增加申报者的其他限制条件着手,提高申报门槛,以保证教师队伍质量。     

新世纪的教师发展与教师教育

新世纪以来,中国内地和香港都启动了大规模的课程改革,对教师发展和教师教育提出了新的要求。基于对教师发展与教师教育之间关系的分析,文章指出了二者未来的发展方向,即发展中小学—大学伙伴协作关系,建立教师教育发展网络,促进多元化的教师发展和教师教育,以及深化教师与教师教育工作者的实践探究与反思。     

论教师角色转换与情感转换

传统的教师角色定位目前受到两个方面的冲击:一方面是素质教育对传统教学模式和教师角色定位,构成很大冲击;另一方面人事制度改革、教师岗位评聘制度改革也改变了传统的教师角色定位,影响到教师的情感态度。教师要适应角色定位的转换,必须进行情感态度的转换。     

论一般教师向优秀教师的转变

一般教师向优秀教师转变是教师成长的基本轨迹。稳定而持久的职业动力、较强的自我完善和自我监控能力是优秀教师的主要特征。一般教师向优秀教师转变的策略主要有愿景性策略、主体性策略、方法性策略、知识性策略与情感性策略等。     

对高职基础课教师发展方向的探讨

高职基础课教师是否应该发展成为“双师型”教师一直是研究的热点问题之一。高职基础课教师具有职业技能突出,专业技能欠缺的“二元制”职业特征,不可能都发展成为“双师型”教师,因为理论上行不通,向“双师型”转变实际效果也不理想,所以他们的发展方向是“研究型”教师。     

A scientific approach in the assessment of the school-based part of the teacher education programme in Sweden

This article aims to highlight how a scientific and critical approach is used in assessment dialogues during the last period of a practical, school-based teacher education programme. The result is based on 13 assessment dialogues conducted in a course at a Swedish university, where one of the course objectives is to, ‘in a scientific way, analyse teaching situations based on learning theories’. The assessment dialogues were analysed drawing from Bernstein’s concepts of ‘classification’, ‘framing’, ‘horizontal knowledge’ and ‘vertical knowledge’. The result shows that only in a minority of the assessment dialogues are students expected to use theory as an analytical tool and to critically examine their teaching practice. The theory is used in a more instrumental way to legitimize what is considered the ‘right way’ to teach. One conclusion is that the critical tradition of academia is seldom observed despite being clearly stated in the learning goals. The link between general academic knowledge and more school-based contextual knowledge is often missing or not made visible by the students or the teacher educators, and normative content is still clearly prominent.     

美国教师资格认证制度述评

美国是世界上教师资格认证制度最完善的国家之一。从教师资格认证标准和教师资格认证考试两个方面可见美国教师资格认证的现状、存在的问题及发展趋势,即认证标准和考试内容趋于灵活多样,选择性教师资格证书更为完善和强调在职教育在教师成长中的作用,从而为我国教师资格认证制度的完善提供思考与借鉴。     

职业性和专业性是教师发展的双翼——对话张大均教授

教师发展是教育发展之基。教师发展是一个外延宽泛且内涵丰富的命题,既涉及教师发展的外部条件也包含教师个体素质的发展。职业性与专业性既是现代教师发展的客观要求,又是教师个人素质的关键特征。教师职业性与专业性的发展贯穿于教师职业生涯全程,无论是有组织的教师教育(培训)还是自主的教师个人成长,都应重视教师职业性和专业性的提升。教师职业性和专业性的发展受环境和个体因素的共同影响。教师成长的不同阶段其职业性和专业性发展既有一致性,也面临不同的发展任务。     

Growth of Reflection in Teaching: Reconciling the Models

Although all teachers are expected to be “role models,” discursive trajectories reaching back to the West’s gay liberation pressure queer teachers to be role models in specific ways – by “coming out” and helping queer students out of their “time of difficulty.” Paradoxically, discourses that construct children as innocent and queers‐as‐a‐threat make it difficult for queer teachers not only to take up these positions as role models but to be visible in schools. In this article, I explore the discourses that shape queer teachers’ understanding of touch, sexuality, confidentiality, the private versus public domain, and pedagogical responsibility within the schooling context. Informed by Foucault, I analyze the interview data of three Ontario queer teachers to investigate the ways in which queers‐as‐a‐threat and teacher‐as‐role‐model influence the negotiation of their ethical dilemmas regarding their student crushes.     

试论发展性教师评价理念对教师专业发展的意义

要配合素质教育的全面推进，就必须全面提高教师的教育质量。本文从教师专业发展着手，分析了教师专业发展的提出、对它的理解和教师专业结构的三大构成要素，指出教师自身才是他的专业发展的重要保证。但外部评价机制的促进作用也不容忽视，从而引进“发展性教师评价”概念，并从发展性教师评价对教师专业结构三大构成要素的促进分析阐述了“发展性教师评价”对教师专业发展的重大意义。     

西方教师知识与教师专业发展研究述评

在西方教育研究领域,教师知识作为教师认知世界中稳定和基础性的一部分,一直是教师教育与发展的一个核心议题。随着教师知识认识论的变化,其研究内容也随之在演变和扩展:从教师知识分类研究发展到教师实践知识研究。知识观的转向必然会导致教师发展范式的转变,而这些变化对推动我国教师教育研究与发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

教师教育的改革与创新——2007年国际教师教育研讨会综述

本文对2007年国际教师教育论坛的交流与研讨进行概要介绍,分析了当前国际教师教育领域里的热点问题,探讨了国际教师教育改革与创新的特点,重点阐发了国际教师教育创新的政策支持、教师专业发展的国际比较与合作开发、国际教师专业发展的创新实践等方面的发展趋势,以及国际教师教育改革对我国当前的教师教育改革与发展研究的启示。     

论诊断式教师教育

教师教育者习惯上认为教师教育就是教学,导致在实际工作中采取普通高等教育的模式,存在“普教化”的倾向。没有建立独立的、系统的、有针对性的教师教育模式,降低了教师教育的效果和质量。立足于诊断式教师教育理论,从教师素质结构出发,对诊断式教师教育的内容、过程及原则进行探讨,有助于促进教师的成长。     

加快青年教师培养步伐的探索与实践

培养青年教师,不容置疑;加快培养步伐,更为紧迫和现实。本文介绍了河南科技大学理学院加快青年教师培养步伐、促其迅速健康成长的一系列成功经验,并对其进行了理论探讨。     

Preparing Teacher Candidates to be “Effective” in the Classroom: Lessons Learned from National Teachers of the Year

Defining what it means to be an “effective teacher” is a difficult, but necessary, undertaking, as research reveals a correlation between teacher qualities and student success (Buchel and Edwards 2005 Buchel, T., and F. Edwards. 2005. Characteristics of effective clinical teachers. Resid Educ. 37 (1):30–5. [Google Scholar]; Darling-Hammond 2000 Darling-Hammond, L. 2000. Teacher quality and student achievement: A review of state policy evidence. Center for the Study of Teaching and Policy. Seattle: University of Washington Press. doi: 10.1086/ahr/106.2.595-a.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]; Lupascu, Pânisoa, and Pânisoar 2014; Stronge 2007 Stronge, J. H. 2007. Qualities of effective teachers. 2nd ed. Alexandria, VA: Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development. [Google Scholar]). The literature on this topic clearly demonstrates that there is no consensus on exactly what traits and characteristics truly define an effective teacher. Given this lack of agreement, the question for teacher educators becomes how do we prepare teacher candidates to be effective in the classroom when researchers, policymakers, and administrators can’t agree on the traits that encompass what the system has come to deem an “effective” teacher?

Throughout this article, we share our findings from an exploratory case study of National Teachers of the Year. Through an analysis of personal teacher of the year narratives and nomination letters, we learned that even in the ever-changing world of education, specific characteristics and philosophies which support and exemplify outstanding teaching have remained constant over the years. Award winning educators agree that teacher effectiveness is realized only through the intersection of curriculum, relationships, collaboration, engagement, and a commitment to further one’s learning. In this article, we offer insight into each of these ideological constants and discuss the implications they have for today’s teacher education programs.     

Voicing the challenges faced by an innovative teacher community

This research draws on sociocultural theories of learning and activity theory to explore the challenges faced by an innovative community of teachers in Central Finland. The aim of the teacher community was to develop a stream of foreign‐language (FL)‐mediated teaching and learning in the locality from kindergarten to upper secondary level. To achieve this goal, the teachers needed to form coherent groups within the member schools, as well as between the schools. The aim of this research is to give voice to the challenges identified by the teachers and in so doing give voice to the teacher community itself. Recognising the voice of this community also contributes to a broader conceptualisation of teachers and teaching both within and beyond the classroom. The data were gathered during a number of community activities and thematically analysed to identify recurring challenges the participants identified and encountered. The challenges became manifest in both the talk and activities of the community. The positive teacher responses to the community highlighted the value of this kind of interaction for often isolated teacher practitioners. The wealth of data also produced through these activities suggests that further exploration and development of teacher activity outside of the classroom would be a worthwhile endeavour.     

专业化视野下的教师教育改革

教师专业化已成为教师教育改革的趋势,专业化是一个不断深化的过程。进行教师教育改革,促进教师专业发展,应从树立现代教师专业的理念、扩大教师专业自主权、构建一体化的教师教育体制、合理设置教师教育课程优化教师专业知能等几方面入手。     

专家型教师:教师成长与发展的目标

随着社会的不断发展,培养专家型教师已成为世界教育发展的共同趋势,文章从专家型与新手型教师的研究入手,探讨两者的本质差异,通过对专家型教师的主动反思、对基本教学问题的处理达到自动化、知识结构化、高水平的自我效能感与自我监控能力等四个基本特征的分析,阐述了其对教师成长与发展的启示.