新课程改革环境下教育的平等性:家庭社会经济背景对学生学业成绩的影响

以小学数学课程为例,研究追踪考察了参加新课程改革与使用原课程两组学生的家庭社会经济背景与学业成绩的关系。结果表明:(1)对于高层次思维能力,来自不同家庭社会经济背景的使用新课程的学生发展差异表现出逐渐缩小的趋势;而对于来自不同家庭背景的使用原课程的学生,其发展的差异未表现出缩小的趋势;(2)不管是使用新课程还是使用原课程的学生,来自不同家庭背景学生对数学的基本理解与计算能力的发展差异均有缩小的趋势。但与新课程改革的学生相比,来自不同家庭背景原课程的学生在这方面发展差异的缩小趋势更明显。     

Measuring Self-Regulated Learning Processes through Tracking Patterns of Student Interaction with Achievement Activities

A micro-level approach to the study of relationships between component processes within self-regulated learning in young adolescent students is described. Using this approach, contingencies between self-regulatory processes can be identified and insight into factors that promote students’ use of self-regulatory strategies can be investigated. Evidence is presented showing how the influence of mastery achievement goals on specific task goals can be mediated by students’ state of interest. Further development of this approach requires consideration of the measurement issues associated with using single items to measure on-task states. Evidence for the reliability and validity of single-item measurement of states is considered in relation to areas of psychological inquiry that regularly use single-item measures and we conclude that further development of these types of measure has the potential to expand our understanding of self-regulated learning.     

国内外中小学生学业成就调查与测评研究进展及启示

随着义务教育的普及和国际竞争的日趋激烈,世界各国普遍重视教育质量的提升,教育质量监控、学生学业成就调查与测评成为倍受关注的研究领域.对国内外中小学生学业成就调查与测评研究成果与实践经验的系统梳理,启示我们要尽快建立义务教育质量国家监测制度,定期开展学生在核心课程领域的学业发展水平测试,以为国家相关教育决策、基础教育课程改革推进、教育质量提升提供依据.     

Student Achievement in an Educational Technology Course As Enhanced By Cooperative Learning

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of cooperative learning on students' achievement in an Educational Technology course in an Initial Teacher Training Program. A cooperative learning strategy was compared with the traditional whole class direct instruction approach. Ninety-five first year full-time students at a College of Education constituted the sample. The students' achievement included: academic achievement in the course, quantity measurement in the use of instructional media, and quality rating of utilization of instructional media during their teaching practice. Their attitude change was also assessed by an Attitude Inventory. The results indicated that cooperative learning strategy had a positive effect on academic achievement and quantity measurement in the use of instructional media (F(l,91) = 7.06, p < 0.01; F(l,91) = 4.59, p < 0.05). Cooperative learning strategy also had a positive influence on students' attitudes towards instructional media and their learning condition (F(l,93) = 5.07, p < 0.05; F(l,93) = 6.20, p < 0.05).     

Undergraduate Student Socialization and Learning in an Online Professional Curriculum

Using data collected from a qualitative case study of an online baccalaureate nursing program, we examined the influence of online degree programs on undergraduate student socialization and learning. We considered how components of socialization—knowledge acquisition, investment, and involvement—are influenced by the online context. The findings suggest the importance of considering non-academic influences in regards to nontraditional student experiences. The theoretical intersection of online learning and undergraduate student development offers new and significant areas of research, specifically related to the pedagogical role of faculty and the impact of social engagement. Implications for future research and practice are offered. Karri A. Holley  received her Ph.D. from the University of Southern California. She is Assistant Professor at the University of Alabama. Her research interests include graduate/professional education, interdisciplinary curricula, and qualitative inquiry. Barrett J. Taylor  is a Ph.D. student at the University of Georgia. His research focuses on religious colleges and universities.     

学业评价模式的初步研究

学业评价模式是评价理论与评价实践的中介，它具有构建理论与指导实践的两重功能。作为一种重要的评价研究方法，学业评价的模式化研究对于改变当前学业评价研究的无序状态，使之逐步走向理论化、系统化、结构化，将发挥重要作用。     

Adding Value: Learning Communities and Student Engagement

This study examines the relationships between participating in learning communities and student engagement in a range of educationally purposeful activities of first-year and senior students from 365 4-year institutions. The findings indicate that participating in a learning community is positively linked to engagement as well as student self-reported outcomes and overall satisfaction with college.     

Social-Economic Factors,Student Factors,Student Academic Goals and Performance of Students in Institutions of Higher Learning in Uganda

This article evaluates the relationship between social-economic factors, students’ factors, student academic goals and performance of students. The study adopts a cross-sectional survey, with largely quantitative approaches. A sample of 950 students was randomly and proportionately drawn from undergraduates in four institutions of higher learning. A response rate of 61% was recorded. We observed significant positive relationships between student factors (except competence in quantitative subjects and grades earned in high school) and student performance, as well as student learning goals and student academic performance. We did not observe a significant relationship between socio-economic factors and student performance at higher institutions. The model was significant, and explained 47% of the variation in student performance. The study recommends that higher institutions should place considerable emphasis on inculcating a reading/preparation culture among students, enforce attendance at lectures and encourage students to set learning goals, if they are to improve the performance of their students.     

语文课程中的发展性学生评价研究

语文课程中的发展性学生评价以促进学生全面发展为根本目的,体现了语文新课程理念。我们应明确语文课程的评价内容,在实施中坚持发展性、全面性和合作性的评价原则。发展性学生评价的方法要灵活多样,采取教师评价、自我评价、同伴评价、家长评价等不同方式。发展性评价对当前语文考试改革具有一定的启示意义。     

学生学习权法理研究

学习权问题,是学生权利的核心问题。这一问题伴随着我国教育法制的构建及健全,正日益成为教育法律关系中极需探讨界定的问题。怎样认识和界定学习权,关系着我国教育法制的构建能否有效深入地进行和发展。     

美国学生助学贷款体系:经验与启示

美国是世界上助学贷款的最大提供者。在学生财政援助方面,美国拥有丰富的经验。高达4 600亿美元的学生贷款市场和长达数十年的学生贷款历史,使美国通过借贷帮助学生支付学费的政策日趋专业化。对于正在扩大学生助学贷款体系的中国来说,可以从当今美国学生助学贷款方案改革中获得启示。其一,应尽力在资助活动之初设计一个独特完善的贷款体系管理方案,以避免日后的不断简化和调整;其二,尽量限制中介的参与以减少贷款成本及贷款发放过程的行政程序;其三,通过政府债券来寻求与金融市场的平衡;其四,要不断完善学生信息渠道,提高学生贷款信息获取度;其五,要努力对助学贷款方案改革所引起的不可知后果进行预测。     

The Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Student Learning and How Schools Can Respond

There is no denying the impact that the coronravirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has had on many aspects of our lives. This article looks at the potential impact of COVID-19 on student learning as schools abruptly morphed into virtual learning environments using data from several instructional, practice, and assessment solutions offered by Renaissance. First, three hypothetical learning scenarios are considered using normative data from Star assessments to explore the potential impact on reading and math test performace. Next, data on Focus Skills are used to highlight which grades may have missed the most foundational math and reading content if instruction was stopped or reduced. Last, data from two of Renaissance's practice tools are used to evaluate whether students were practicing key skills following school closures. The article concludes that academic decline will likely occur but may be tempered by the increased use of practice tools; effects may look different for math and reading; and may impact grades and schools differently. As such, schools may need to leverage decision-making frameworks, such as the Multi-tiered Systems of Support/Response-to-Intervention (MTSS/RTI) framework, more than ever to identify needs and target instruction where it matters most when school begins in fall 2020.     

新时期学习型班级建设与学生领导力研究简

学习型班级是以班级成员为中心,以班级成员管理自治为运行机制的新型班级组织。它是开放的组织管理体系,其动力机制和运行机制是一种“竞争力匹配与调和”模型。实践中,可以通过重新树立学生领导力权威、营造“可以犯错”的学生领导力执行氛围、重新确立学生领导力执行的目标等途径和手段来实现班级组织转型和学生领导力变革。新时期,提升学生领导力水平,树立学生自治意识是首要前提,维护学生领导权威是重要保障,变革班级组织架构是关键步骤,完善班级纪律规定是基础环节。只有改变传统“德育式”和“法治化”的教育实践方式,才能实现“通过教育的纪律”、学生个体的纪律化和“美化集体的纪律”。     

教育机器人可以提升学生创造力吗?——基于48项实验与准实验研究的Meta分析

培养创新型人才已经成为我国建设科技强国、突破“卡脖子”技术难题的基本路径。迎合智能时代的教育变革潮流,利用机器人技术提升学生创造力体现出更丰富的实践价值和时代意义。本研究采用Meta分析法对国内外48项实验研究、6057条样本量进行编码处理,研究得出：1）教育机器人对学生创造力的整体影响效应为0.576,达到中等以上的影响水平,其中对学生创新实践能力的促进作用最为明显,对创新人格品质的影响程度一般;2）从学段来看,教育机器人对初中、小学的学生创造力影响效果较为明显;3）学科方面,机器人课程对学生创造力影响效果最好;4）教学主题中,原型创造对学生创造力影响程度达到中等以上水平;5）教学方式选择方面,探究式教学更能激发学生的创造力;6）相比普通教室,实验室环境对于学生创造力发展更为乐观。结合实地调研,提出以下实践建议：推广实施人工智能相关课程,兼顾教学过程中学生的创新人格及思维培养;注重低学段学生创造力培养,大力提倡软件编程教学;建构适用于机器人教学的创客教育模式,完善相关学科教师的培训体系及激励机制;促进实验室硬件、软件环境设计,多方面筹措教育机器人经费投入。     

高校学生工作站育人机制实例研究

随着高校后勤社会化和学分制改革的逐步深入,如何更好地推进大学生思想政治教育进公寓工作是摆在高校学生教育工作者面前现实而紧迫的问题.我校近两年的实践证明,在学生公寓社区构建以学生工作站为平台的育人机制是深入推进思想教育进公寓行之有效的途径之一.     

成就目标、自我效能、学习策略和学业成就的关系研究

对545名中学生进行测量，以探讨成就目标、自我效能、学习策略与学业成绩的关系。结果表明：掌握目标、成绩目标与自我效能、学习策略有显著的正相关，回避目标与自我效能、学习策略存在显著的负相关，自我效能与学习策略有显著的正相关；掌握目标、自我效能和学习策略与学业成绩有显著的正相关，而回避目标与学业成绩则有显著的负相关；学习策略直接影响学业成绩，成就目标和自我效能对学业成绩的影响是间接的。     

尝试形成性评价提高学生英语口语能力

形成性评价是中学英语教学评价的主要形式。目标是衡量评价的尺度,通过设置形成性目标,教学以目标为导向,并通过各类教学进行达标,以提高学生的英语口语能力。     

Investigating the Efficacy of a Core Kindergarten Mathematics Curriculum to Improve Student Mathematics Learning Outcomes

This study examined the efficacy of a core kindergarten mathematics program, Early Learning in Mathematics (ELM), a 120-lesson program with four content strands: (a) number operations, (b) geometry, (c) measurement, and (d) vocabulary. The study utilized a randomized block design, with 129 classrooms randomly assigned within schools to treatment or control conditions. Measures of achievement were collected in the fall (pretest) and spring (posttest) in kindergarten and in the winter of first grade (follow-up). Although students in ELM classrooms did not differ significantly from students in control classrooms, we expected and found that the effects of ELM depended on students’ initial achievement. Initial achievement moderated condition effects for Test of Early Mathematics Ability (TEMA) scores (p =.0039), but not the Early Numeracy–Curriculum-Based Measurement (p =.1887). We found no effects on follow-up first-grade scores from the Stanford Achievement Test Tenth Edition Problem Solving subtest (p =.9737) or Procedures subtest (p =.6336).     

Content Familiarity: Differential Impact of Effective Teaching on Student Achievement Outcomes

Improving the quality of higher education for all students requires researchers to focus on factors that potentially influence learning. Of particular interest are student entry characteristics and effective teaching behaviors. Accordingly, structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between student differences, prior experience with the subject material, past performances, teaching behaviors, and perceived learning and achievement. A theoretical model containing 8 variables was formulated and tested on students who were either experienced or inexperienced with the course material. The data were gathered at a large midwestern university fitting the Carnegie classification as a research institution. Overall, student achievement is affected by test anxiety and high school GPA. Prior experience with the course content revealed that content-unfamiliar students' perception of learning is more positively influenced by instructor organization than by instructor expressiveness, whereas for content-familiar students, expressiveness is much more influential than organization. Additionally, content-unfamiliar students are more sensitive to both teaching behaviors than content-familiar students. These findings have important implications for administrators, instructors, and researchers.     

Exploring the Impact of Student Teaching Apprenticeships on Student Achievement and Mentor Teachers

Abstract

We exploit within-teacher variation in the years that math and reading teachers in grades 4–8 host an apprentice (“student teacher”) in Washington State to estimate the causal effect of these apprenticeships on student achievement, both during the apprenticeship and afterwards. While the average causal effect of hosting a student teacher on student performance in the year of the apprenticeship is indistinguishable from zero in both math and reading, hosting a student teacher is found to have modest positive impacts on student math and reading achievement in a teacher’s classroom in following years. These findings suggest that schools and districts can participate in the student teaching process without fear of short-term decreases in student test scores while potentially gaining modest long-term test score increases.