古村落文化与地方课程的开发

古村落是中华民族文化的根,蕴含丰富的文化内涵.古村落文化也有地方性特点·具有深层的教育价值,是一类重要的地方课程资源.对古村落文化进行地方课程的开发应兼顾上位文化的意志和"地方人"的需要,秉持"双重眼界",运用田野工作、深度描写和理论思辨等方法,彰显实践性课程的品格,完成从古村落文化通及民族主流文化、再回到古村落地方问题这样一个往复循环的地方课程体系的建构.     

Informal learning: A case study of local curriculum development in Indonesia

Conclusion This paper has examined the informal learning of the Lamaholot people, a relatively small cultural community living in the regency of Flores Timur in eastern Indonesia. The informal learning in Lamaholot areas is different from the formal learning imposed by a central educational board in Jakarta. Informal learning is part of everyday life, and is used to preserve Lamaholot culture, while the formal learning is designed to help students participate in modern economic activities, even though it threatens the survival of the local culture. In order to build a school system that promotes both the acquisition of new knowledge and the preservation of Lamaholot culture, the incorporation of informal approaches into formal learning becomes a necessity. Models and strategies discussed in this paper indicate that it is feasible to implement such an integrated approach. Certainly it is better to try and fuse the traditional with the modern, rather than to perpetuate the imposition of an exclusive national curriculum that is detrimental to the development of local Lamaholot culture. By giving the Lamaholot people the right to preserve their culture within the context of the school, Lamaholot children will be able to acquire modern knowledge without losing their cultural identity. A senior lecturer at the University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang, Nusa Tingara Timur (NTT), Indonesia. At present he is a doctoral candidate in the School of Education at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia. His thesis focuses on cultures of knowledge and learning, and incorporates a case study of local curriculum development in the regency of Flores Timur, NTT, Indonesia.     

Reconsidering curriculum development: A framework for co-operation

Conventional approaches to curriculum development employed in western countries have proved to be unsatisfactory. Much of the literature as well as the practice of curriculum development have focussed on two traditional stances — the administrative and grass-roots models — and neither has been able to accommodate concurrently the theoretical and practical objectives, skills, and needs of central administrators, teachers, and curriculum specialists. In this paper, a brief examination of the characteristics, prevalence, benefits, and major shortcomings of these two models provides a basis for describing an approach that may better fulfil the multiple and competing demands of educational administrators and users. The article elaborates upon and defends a theoretical plan for involving administrators and educators in co-operative curriculum development, and specifies additional organizational requirements and constraints which would need to be dealt with in order to effect its intent.     

Working locally as a true professional : case studies in the development of local curriculum

Abstract

This article investigates the dynamic overall picture concerning the development of local curriculum in Thailand through action research conducted by 27 Thai elementary school teachers in three private schools in Fang District, Chiang Mai Province. This was the teachers' first experience with action research. The article examines the following questions: ‘How do teachers develop local curriculum through action research?’ and ‘What is the impact of action research on the professional learning of teachers?’ The field research methodology was primarily based on participant observation and informal interviews. The findings illustrate the various factors impacting on the development of local curriculum in Thailand through the action research of the teachers. They also shed light on the main role of the researcher in monitoring the progress of the project and acting as facilitator. The article also discusses the positive impact of the action research process on the professional learning of the teachers and reveals the unique cycle form of the action research process of Thai teachers.     

课程资源:观念重建与校本开发

课程资源开发和利用是课程改革关注的重点,学校和教师需要对课程资源做观念上的更新,建立现代的、科学的、视野广阔的课程资源观。课程资源的开发要以学生的发展和教师专业提升为价值取向,扩大学校课程资源开发的范畴。学校要关注校本的课程资源开发和管理,形成课程资源开发的有效途径。     

A cybernetic model for curriculum development

The task of the curriculum developer is to design instructional systems which will produce consistently high levels of learning despite wide variation in pupil characteristics. This can be viewed as a cybernetic question of regulating variety in a system to produce stable and high level output. Six cybernetic principles—goal orientation, limitation of input, monitoring, control decisions, restoration of equilibrium, and positive feedback—are described, and their application to curriculum discussed. It is concluded that a cybernetic model can guide curriculum developers in designing effective learning systems.     

职业学校教师专业学习团队——一种基于校本课程开发的教师专业发展途径

教育质量是职业学校发展的生命线,提高职业学校教育质量的关键在于教师专业的发展,而校本课程开发是教师专业发展的有效途径。本文提出职业学校要依托校本课程开发这一平台,以建构教师专业学习团队为途径,通过促进教师专业发展来提高职业学校的教学质量。     

Learning-based curriculum development

This article is written to inspire curriculum developers to centre their efforts on the learning processes of students. It presents a learning-based paradigm for higher education and demonstrates the close relationship between curriculum development and students’ learning processes. The article has three sections: Section “The role of higher education (HE) institutions” presents a discussion of the role of higher education in the knowledge society. Section “Contextual learning” presents the paradigm of contextual learning which we see as a useful foundation for curriculum development. Section “Curriculum development in practice—the BETA course” shows how a particular course in Business Economic Theory and Analysis has been developed using this paradigm. The article will be of interest to all academics interested in students’ learning processes but is especially relevant to those responsible for curriculum development.     

校本课程开发的策略及实施

本期“学校科研”栏目编发的文章是北京市海淀区培星小学“主体教育视野下小学校本课程的实验与开发研究”课题组负责人在开展研究的过程中写成的。本栏目将继续为从事各级各类校本研究的中小学校提供发表成果、交流经验的平台,欢迎投稿。     

《自然科学基础》课程教学的探讨

自然科学基础课程是一门综合学科,它紧密结合人类社会生活和先进科学技术,从我国基础教育改革形式的新要求出发,针对小学自然学科的特点,拓展小学教师知识面,增强其综合素质.文章简要介绍自然科学基础课程概况,融入“素质教育“新理念,就自然科学基础课程教学的实施进行一些探讨.     

后现代课程观与校本课程开发

校本课程开发已成为我国当前课程改革的一项重要任务。我国香港、台湾及其他部分省啼课程开发中存在着共同的不足之处，主要原因在于缺乏教育理念的转变，印从现代数育观向后现代数育观的转变。校本课程开发应以后现代课程观作指导。     

Competency-based curriculum development: An experimental model for social service workers

The call for relevance in higher education has opened the doorway from the classroom to the community. Creative methods to provide viable academic exercises within this context are being sought by increasing numbers of faculty and administrators. Competency-based curriculum development is one method being proposed as having strong potential. This article describes a competency design and documentation process that was developed during a one-year research and demonstration program for social service workers. The process was found to provide greater accountability for learning situations that link theory and fieldwork. It was also found to revitalize dialogue between field professionals and academic faculty, with students as active participants.George C. Burrill received his Ph.D. from the Union Graduate School (Yellow Springs, Ohio).