如何激发学生学习思想政治课兴趣

文章就思想政治课难以吸引学生注意力,教学效果不显著等问题总结出了几种有效的方法:予美导趣、借例寓趣、激发情趣、数学设趣、幽默生趣.     

非线性时滞广义系统的弹性保性能控制

针对一类带有非线性摄动的不确定时滞广义系统,采用线性矩阵不等式(LMI)处理方法,研究了此类系统的二次稳定性问题,同时对此类系统的弹性保性能控制问题进行了研究,得出了时滞相关的充分条件。所设计的保性能控制器保证了相应的闭环系统达到鲁棒稳定,也保证闭环成本不超过某个界。最后通过举例说明了本文所给方法的正确性。     

JAVA中文乱码问题的分析与解决方案

Java的内核和class文件是基于unicode的,这使Java程序具有良好的跨平台性,但也带来了一些中文乱码问题的麻烦。原因主要有两方面,Java和JSP文件本身编译时产生的乱码问题和Java程序于其他媒介交互产生的乱码问题。     

样例学习研究及其课改意蕴

样例学习是学习者从例示了一般概念、原理、程序的例子中习得解决问题方法的一种学习方式.和单纯的问题解决学习方式相比,样例学习不仅费时少、迁移效果好,还可减轻学生学习时的认知负荷.早期的样例学习研究集中于数学、物理等学科的单内容样例的学习,最近的研究开始涉及没有明确解题步骤的双内容样例的学习.样例学习的重要机制是学习者对样...     

The Phenomenon of False Assumption in Historical and Educational Texts

This article describes two heuristic strategies for problem solving: the use of false assumption strategy and the use of double false assumption strategy. Both of these strategies have their roots deep in history. In this article, we define these two strategies and illustrate their use in a problem developed by Frances Pellos. The article provides an overview of occurrences of these two strategies in various mathematical and educational texts. The texts show clearly that both of these strategies played a significant role in mathematics education in the past. We present some examples from concrete historical documents, which we use later for the preparation of a teaching experiment. We also present the conclusions of an experiment conducted on three lower secondary schools in the Czech Republic, the goal of which was to test the applicability of the use of false assumption strategy as a propaedeutic to solving word problems using equations.     

谈高等数学的案例教学

通过数学案例教学，将以往数学教学过程中的理论课、习题课和考试课有机地结合起来，从而提高学生的知识水平和实际能力。     

Java中重载和重写的动态绑定研究

从基类和派生类的关系出发,阐述了基类与派生类之间的转换关系,从而引出基类与派生类调用重写和重载方法时的动态绑定问题,结合Java的具体实例对基类与派生类的继承及其对接口的实现,对重载和重写的动态绑定进行详细阐述。     

A problem on extremal quasiconformal extensions

In this paper we give a short survey on a problem on extremal quasiconformal extensions. It had been a conjecture for a long time that the dilatations K₀(h) and K₁(h) are equal before Anderson and Hinkkanen disproved this by constructing concrete examples of a family of affine mappings of some parallelograms. The problem also engendered many interesting results. At the end of the current paper, we discuss relationships among K₀(h), H(h) and K₁(h) as a concluding remark.     

Theorising Inequality Today

This article is an assessment of some movements in the theorising of inequality over the last two decades, with particular attention to the Australian context and to the issue of gender as compared with class. It is argued that there has been a useful move from ‘inequality as disadvantage’ to one which focuses on difference, conflict and the characteristics of the groups previously seen as disadvantaged, but that these moves have been limited, partly by an over‐attention to inequality in analysing the content of schooling, and partly by an insufficient attention to inequality in relation to policy and practice initiatives. The discussion of specific examples and issues here suggests also that gender and class should not be treated as simply additive dimensions of a problem, and that analyses should be sensitive to the differing circumstances of countries which are often compared.     

高校翻转课堂教学与课程设置的重构研究

翻转课堂是网络技术、信息化数字产品大力发展的产物,以学生课前自主学习、思疑、协作探究,课堂讨论、教师解惑,课后学生知识升华为流程的新型教学模式。文章分析了高校开展翻转课堂教学的可行性和必要性,通过翻转课堂教学实例中知识体系特点的分析,提出高校以能力为核心的课程群构建,以知识和问题为中心的多门课程联动方法。     

Coordinating principles and examples through analogy and self-explanation

Research on expertise suggests that a critical aspect of expert understanding is knowledge of the relations between domain principles and problem features. We investigated two instructional pathways hypothesized to facilitate students’ learning of these relations when studying worked examples. The first path is through self-explaining how worked examples instantiate domain principles and the second is through analogical comparison of worked examples. We compared both of these pathways to a third instructional path where students read worked examples and solved practice problems. Students in an introductory physics class were randomly assigned to one of three worked example conditions (reading, self-explanation, or analogy) when learning about rotational kinematics and then completed a set of problem solving and conceptual tests that measured near, intermediate, and far transfer. Students in the reading and self-explanation groups performed better than the analogy group on near transfer problems solved during the learning activities. However, this problem solving advantage was short lived as all three groups performed similarly on two intermediate transfer problems given at test. On the far transfer test, the self-explanation and analogy groups performed better than the reading group. These results are consistent with the idea that self-explanation and analogical comparison can facilitate conceptual learning without decrements to problem solving skills relative to a more traditional type of instruction in a classroom setting.     

支持科学课程探究学习的实验模拟的交互因素分析

科学课程教学中利用软件模拟实验是探究学习途径的有益补充和扩展。文章针对当前实验模拟在交互方面存在的问题,结合课程标准的科学探究要求,分析实验模拟的交互因素,包括学生操作行为、学习支持和系统的反馈,并结合实例提出设计的考虑。     

求解交叉规划问题的几个公平公理

对交叉规划问题作了进一步的研究,给出了一种使用替代问题求解交叉规划问题的方法,并给出了该替代问题的目标函数应当满足的几个公理:pareto原则、非强加性、非独裁性和传递性.     

The Rules Grid: helping children with social communication and interaction needs manage social complexity

This article introduces a new practical visual approach, the Rules Grid, to support children who have social communication and interaction needs. The Rules Grid involves a system whereby behaviours of concern can be broken down into smaller behavioural manifestations which in turn lead not only to problem identification and specification, but provide a visible structure to support behaviour change at a reasonably micro level. The paper provides an overview of the theory and research that support visual approaches before outlining some important examples of visual strategies. This is followed by a presentation of a single case study which illustrates how the Rules Grid could be used.     

英汉比喻性词语的文化内涵

英汉语中都有大量比喻性词语，但由于各自社会文化背景的不同，在比喻的主体与客体之间选择也不尽相同，从英汉两种语言的比喻性词语的喻体与喻义问的对应关系着手，可探讨其内在的文化内涵，比喻性词语可通过成语、俗语、谚语、惯用语、典故格言等诸多形式表现出来，英汉两种语言在对同一本体设喻时，采用的喻体却有同有异，喻体与喻义之间的对应关系也不同。     

浅谈高中英语交际教学中的课堂互动

随着新一轮高中英语课程改革的逐步开展，教师为主导、以学生为中心的交际教学法越来越受到外语教学工作者的重视。而交际教学的成败，关键在于是否能组织好课堂互动。本文论述了课堂互动的基本内涵，并结合教学实践，提出了搞好课堂互动的建议。     

Towards a Theory that Links Experience in the Arts with the Acquisition of Knowledge

The origin of this article is an investigation of an academic course, Graphic Arts and Design for students of natural and social sciences. The article describes the benefits of attending the class for the science students, which were an increased ability to solve problems, new and different ways to observe the environment, greater self confidence, and a higher understanding and valuing of the working process. The participants considered that the artistic activities affected their academic courses since the exercises were seen as creative and meaningful, which led to a changed attitude towards their studies. The exercises developed a comprehensive view and an ability to concentrate, which were conducive to problem solving. The article compares the process of drawing with the cognitive approach of philosophical pragmatism described by Charles Peirce and John Dewey. Michael Polanyi's concept of tacit knowing and some theories on the function of metaphors are also discussed in relation to some concrete pedagogical examples.     

A conceptualisation of whole‐class scaffolding

The concept of scaffolding refers to temporary and adaptive support, originally in dyadic adult–child interaction. It has become widely used, also in whole‐class settings, but often in loose ways. The aim of this paper is to theoretically and empirically ground a conceptualisation of whole‐class scaffolding so that it remains close to the origin of the scaffolding concept, but also provides scope for features not salient in one‐to‐one interaction. Drawing an analogy with Vygotsky's concept of Zone of Proximal Development we argue why the extension to whole‐class settings is justified. We further distinguish three key characteristics for whole‐class scaffolding—diagnosis, responsiveness and handover to independence—and illustrate these with examples from a teaching experiment focusing on whole‐class scaffolding language in a multilingual mathematics classroom (age 10–12). The empirical data led to a metaphorical distinction between online and offline enactment of key characteristics, during respectively outside whole‐class interaction. Diagnoses can namely also be made outside lessons, for instance by reading pupils' work; responsiveness can also be realised in adapting instructional activities; and handover to independence can also be fostered in the design of lessons. In addition to this layered nature (online vs. offline), whole‐class scaffolding is often distributed over time. Finally, whole‐class scaffolding is cumulative with pupils' independence emerging as the cumulative effect of many diagnostic and responsive actions over time. We suggest these three features are at the core of whole‐class scaffolding that is deliberately employed to foster long‐term learning processes.     

The Use of Problem-Based Learning to Enhance MIS Education

Many colleges of business require a course in computer applications concepts, often consisting of spreadsheet and database applications. Quite often, students resist taking the class because they do not see any worth to it, it duplicates what they already have taken, and they already know much of what is purported to be taught in the class. Instructors too are often frustrated with this class. This article suggests that part of the problem is the method of instruction often used: lecture and demonstration of tools followed by end‐of‐chapter assignments. We propose that problem‐based learning is an alternative instructional method that may produce more positive results for students. To examine this approach, a semester‐long study involving 186 business school students enrolled in a computer applications concept course of seven different sections was conducted. Student motivation, computer self‐efficacy, knowledge, and satisfaction were studied. Results strongly support a problem‐based learning approach as an instructional approach to teaching this class.

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