对外汉语教学中的空缺理论应用与空缺消除方法的探讨

本文从对外汉语教学的角度介绍了空缺现象的存在，并从留学生的视点阐述了空缺既为学习难点同时也是汉语学习上的兴趣所在。根据教学实践，本文提出了新的空缺消除的方法一“连续集中授课法”，这种方法将为对外汉语教学的改善提供一个良好的平台。     

Managing the GAP between rich and poor? Biopolitics and (ab)normalized inequality in South African education for sustainable development

Abstract

The extreme inequality in South African education is well-documented by researchers. There is also a rich literature concerned with education for sustainable development (ESD) in the country. The relationship between these two phenomena has, however, been sparsely investigated. Drawing on biopolitical theory and fieldwork conducted in South Africa, this paper queries how ESD programmes handle the lifestyle gap that separates rich and poor populations. The article demonstrates how ESD, through ostensible sensitivity to local ‘realities’, is adjusted to comply with different socio-economic living conditions, and how different roles are assigned to rich and poor in the quest for sustainable development. This differentiation, it is argued, can be understood biopolitically. The paper further argues that the differentiation between populations in rich and poor settings implies a depoliticized notion of local ‘realities’ as something isolated and given, rather than relational and produced. While the overall findings suggest that ESD unfolds through a regime of practice wherein inequality has become effectively normalized, the paper also points to rare disruptive moments where the normal is rendered abnormal. Ultimately it is argued that the South African case is a useful entry-point for discussing generic problems of globally implementing ESD in an enormously unequal world.     

物理隔离网闸及其在电子政务中的应用

根据物理隔离网闸的信息交换方式、安全特征、主要技术指标和性能,结合个人实践经验,提出了目前常见的几种物理隔离网闸在内网、外网、专网及电子政务网之间的系统组网建设方案,并进行了简要分析.     

QUANTIFYING THE GENDER GAP IN SCIENCE INTERESTS

Nearly 5,000 self-generated science-related K–12 students’ questions, classified into seven science subjects, were used to quantitatively measure the gender gap in science interests and its change with age. In this data set, a difference between boys’ and girls’ science interests did not exist during early childhood, but increased over 20-fold by the end of high school. Furthermore, the gap widened in a stereotypical manner, with girls being increasingly interested in biology and boys more interested in physics and technology. This method could be applied for identifying and comparing the gender gap in science interests between different populations based on different data sources.     

基于IPM技术的政和工夫GAP茶园建设

有害生物综合治理技术（Integrated pest management,IPM）对于茶园实施良好农业规范（Good Agricultural Practices,GAP）有很大促进作用。阐述了如何应用IPM技术促进政和工夫GAP茶园建设,使政和工夫红茶的清洁化生产技术更加深入,使茶叶农残问题从根本上得到解决,并促进政和茶业的发展。     

COMMUNITY COLLEGE BOARDS OF EDUCATION: THE PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE GAP

This investigation was designed to determine the knowledge and opinion of the public about locally elected community college area boards of education. Research questions included the extent to which the public was aware of both composition and activities of the boards, how the public believes the board works, public's sources of information, general public opinion, and extent of public involvement. The population included adults living in a selected midwest state geographically divided into subpopulations for each technical community college area of the state.

The information indicated that community college boards need to take a serious look at their public image and do a much better job of communicating to their constituents.     

浅谈中药材GAP种植与医药企业的发展

通过对我国中药材种植的管理现状，医药企业对中药材规范化种植的重视程度以及中药材GAP种植与医药企业经济发展的关系的探讨，阐述了中药材GAP种植基地建设是影响药材生态经济效益的关键因素之一，GAP实施对我国医药企业的发展有着重要的意义．     

GAP: a Graphics Authoring Package which produces BASIC from graphical input

The authors argue that there is a need for a microcomputer software authoring package which produces graphics. The novel feature of the Graphics Authoring Package (GAP) which they developed is that it produces Basic code from the user's graphical input. GAP is described together with the results of an evaluation study. The results indicate that the package is easy to use, effective in rapidly producing graphics code and that, in general, it fills a gap in the current range of educational software.     

Zr_(52．5)Al_(10)Ni_(10)Cu_(15)Be_(12．5)大块金属玻璃的高温宏观硬度

The hot hardness behavior of Zr_(52.5)Al_(10)Ni_(10)Cu_(15)Be_(12.5) bulk metallic glass is studied from ambient temperature to the temperature over T_x (the onset crystallization temperature) using a hot macro-hardness tester and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results show that the hot hardness behavior of Zr_(52.5)Al_(10)Ni_(10)Cu_(15)Be_(12.5) bulk metallic glass can be classified into 4 zones:the glassy zone in which the hardness almost linearly decreases with the increase of temperature,the viscoelastic zone in which the hardness is nearly unchanged,the viscous flow zone in which the hardness quickly tends towards near zero with temperature,and the crystallization zone in which the hardness sharply increases.The high temperature deformation behavior and the easy processable deformation region for bulk metallic glasses are also discussed on the basis of the hot marco-hardness.     

从教育事业角度来看城乡差距--简论我国当前县乡教育事业发展的差距

城乡差距较大是中国的现实国情。造成这种现状的原因是多方面的。既有历史原因,也有现实原因;既有物质原因,也有精神原因。农村社会的落后阻碍了农村教育事业的发展,农村教育事业的滞后又延缓了农村社会的发展。通过分析县乡教育事业之间的差距,使人们能够正确认识到当前我国城乡之间的差距。     

Synthesis of Protected Tetrapeptide, N-o-Ns-N （Me） - Val-N （Me） -Val-N （ Me ） -Val-N （Me） -Phe-O^tBu

The protected tetrapeptide, N-o-Ns-N （ Me ） -Val-N （ Me ） -Val-N （ Me ） -Val- N （ Me ） -Phe- OtBu, was prepared from L-valine and L-phenylalanine. Ted-butyl acetate and HClO4 were used to protect carbonyl group, o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride and triethyl amine were used to protect amino group, and N-alkylation was finished with iodomethane. Then the protected amino acid was turned into acid chloride which was taken as coupling reagent. After 14 steps, such as protection, alkylation, deprotection and coupling, the protected tetrapeptide was obtained with a yield of 26.9%. The structures of intermediates and target compound were identified with NMR spectra and high resolution mass spectra.     

关于式子d(x)=u(x)f(x)+v(x)g(x)中u(x)和v(x)的注记

对最大公凶式的表达式d（x）=uCx）f（x）＋v（x）g（x）中用辗转相除法所得出的u（x）和v（x）所具有的唯一性和次数最低性进行一下证明．     

我国的贫富差距及其对策

我国目前已出现了一定的贫富差距，包括地区间、城乡间、不同行业间、不同所有制企业间以及非法暴利、权力腐败和经济行为市场化所造成的贫富差距，这种差距有逐步扩大的趋势，笔者分析了我国现阶段贫富差距的表现及成因，提出解决这种贫富差距的对策。     

《金刚经》与南宗禅——以敦煌文献为中心

<金刚经>是唐代最流行的佛教经典之一,主要宣扬"般若性空"之理,对南宗禅的形成与发展起到了非常重要的作用.<金刚经>被六祖慧能奉为禅宗顿悟派的根本经典,神会在继承和发展慧能的顿悟禅法思想的基础上,建立了以<金刚经>为相互传承的南宗祖统说,以抗衡北宗掸以<楞伽经>为基础的祖统说,为南宗禅立宗弘法奠定了理论基础.在敦煌文献及唐代莫高窟壁画中有很多的<金刚经>写本及根据该经内容而绘制的经变画,体现了该经在唐代的盛行.这种现象的出现,应与以<金刚经>为主旨的顿悟禅法思想在敦煌的流行有关.     

商洛经验对四大怀药GAP种植基地建设的启示

借鉴成功做法，启发思路，在管理、科技、标准等方面进行创新，加快四大怀药GAP基地建设。开展乡镇基地与企业对接，严格执行GAP和SOP，引导企业规模发展，借外力共创怀药品牌。     

吸铸La_(0.8)Ce_(0.2)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)B_(0.5)合金磁熵变性能研究

本文研究了利用吸铸和短时间热处理方法制备的La0.8Ce0.2Fe11.4Si1.6B0.5化合物的微结构、磁性以及磁熵变性能.X射线衍射结果表明,与传统的长时间热处理方法(通常大于1周)相比,吸铸方法制备的La0.8Ce0.2Fe11.4Si1.6B0.5化舍物只需经过1373K真空退火处理2h后,全部转变为单相立方NaZn13型晶体结构.磁测量表明,样品具有较小的热滞和磁滞,B添加使居里温度Tc提高到197K,最大磁熵变为15.3 J/(kg·K).这些研究说明了吸铸短时退火是一种制备磁制冷材料的优异方法,该方法制备的La0.8Ce0.2Fe11.4Si1.6B0.5化合物是一种优良的磁制冷工质.