Introduction

This paper conceptualises think tanks and edu-businesses in relation to education policy work in the Australian polity. It situates the enhanced influence of both in relation to the restructured state, which has lost some key capacities in relation to the generation of research and ideas for policy. This restructuring has been strongly influenced by the techniques of new public management, the auditing of education through national and international testing and new forms of network governance, which have opened up spaces for the increased influence of think tanks and edu-businesses across the policy cycle in education. We see here the workings of a ‘polycentric state’. The paper also considers changing concepts of ‘evidence’, ‘expertise’ and ‘influence’ in respect of the involvement of think tanks and edu-businesses in circulating policy ideas and affecting policy development in Australian education. This introduction to this special issue of The Australian Educational Researcher serves as a provocation to further research on this new policy scenario.     

Education,knowledge and the network society

The ‘development of individual capacities’, in addition to the ‘education of responsible citizens’ and the ‘preparation for work’, constitutes one of the most important objectives to be achieved by education systems and, in this sense, makes up one of the main planks of that which Dale terms ‘mandates for the education system’, i.e. projects for education based on ‘conceptions of what it is desirable and legitimate for the education system to bring about’. In a previous work we tried to map out, on the basis of the objectives ‘preparation for work’ and ‘education of responsible citizens’, the outlines of a new mandate for European education policy that appears to be in the making in accord with recent socio‐economic, political and educational developments. In this article, we centre our attention on the ‘development of individual capacities’ in an attempt to map out the effects of the simultaneous pressure, top‐down and bottom‐up, that has been increasingly brought to bear on the nation state and on the education system. With regard to the first, it is argued that what is at stake is the transformation of knowledge itself into money (i.e. pure performance), while with regard to the second, there appears to be taking place a movement of knowledge from the school (national level) to the local community in which this latter is interpreted as the ‘educative city’ (where a ‘transparent’ communicational pedagogy holds sway). This work aims at challenging the dichotomy constructed by way of an analysis of the implications, for both pedagogy and the development of individual capacities, of the development and consolidation of a network state and society.     

Teachers as evaluators: Results from a systematic literature review

Teacher professional standards globally now include a stronger emphasis on teacher research and evaluation skills. Yet, little is known about how to build these capacities through teacher education. This paper reports on a systematic literature review conducted to synthesize the literature about approaches to improving research and evaluative skills and attitudes in teachers. A total of 19 studies were included. The field is largely dominated by small qualitative studies that focus on teacher action research as a facilitator of professional development. There is a substantial and highly problematic gap in the research specifically in relation to building evaluation skills in teachers. Recommendations include a stronger investment in teacher education focussed on evaluation and evaluative thinking, which holds significant potential to positively impact the professional practice of teachers and student learning outcomes.     

De-colonising international collaboration: The University of KwaZulu-Natal-Mauritius Institute of Education Cohort PhD programme

This paper explores the setting up of the partnership across the Mauritian and South African higher education contexts with respect to the development of a postgraduate PhD doctoral studies programme. The Mauritian Institute of Education (MIE) aims to develop staffing capacities through engagement with doctoral studies, especially in the context of limited experience in doctoral supervision. The South African model of doctoral cohort supervision at The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) School of Education is a recent alternative model of delivery in the building of these student and staff capacities through shared ownership of the process and products of doctoral education and development. This paper highlights the expectations, constraints and enabling features of the setting up of the UKZN-MIE PhD programme across international boundaries, driven by mutual reciprocity through valuing of indigenous local knowledges, a non-colonising engagement and innovative methodologies for postgraduate education. Adapting the UKZN cohort model for the international context is the subject of this paper. The paper draws on the experiences of the designers and deliverers as well as users of this programme. The paper explores what drives this form of international collaboration for both contracting partners in the context of shifting conceptions of a teacher education institution.     

加强师范生职业技能训练 培养师范生的职业能力——柳州师专教师教育专业的改革与创新

师范生职业能力的培养是教师专业化发展的基本要求,是提高师范生就业竞争力的现实需要,是做优、做强教师教育的需要。加强师范生职业技能课程建设,基于教师职业工作过程序化教学内容,分模块对师范生进行普通话与教师口语、书写技能、教学工作技能、班主任工作技能训练,构建一体化的职业技能训练体系,改革教学模式与方法,构建＂立体化＂、＂全程式＂的师范生职业能力培养模式,是增强师范生职业能力的有效途径。     

试论研究生教育发展的战略关系——基于科学发展观的视角

研究生教育的科学发展观就是要着眼于人的全面发展,以满足人民群众享受研究生教育需求的根本利益为目的,全面协调发展。当前我国研究生教育应处理好以下几对战略关系:研究生教育发展与社会经济发展的关系;研究生教育不同类型、层次之间的关系;研究生教育数量与质量的关系;研究生教育区域均衡与不均衡发展的关系;研究生教育当前与长远发展的关系。     

当代大学生创新素质影响因素探析

大学生创新素质培养是高等教育面临的重大课题和挑战。通过问卷调查和深入沟通获取数据,应用因子分析方法探究大学生创新素质的主要影响因素,为大学生创新能力的拓展提供理论依据和数据支持,也为大学生创新素质的培养提供合理有益的建议。     

赞科夫教育理论及其对中国学校体育的启示

赞科夫的体育教育观包括:"发展"是教学的出发点与归宿点,实验研究是特殊的教学研究方法,"学生发展"是个性的全面发展,体育是个性全面发展中的一个部分。我国学校体育改革与发展可借鉴的是:运用"一般发展"理论研究深化体育教学,关注学生观察力、创造性思维能力和操作能力的发展,重视体育教学中的实验研究以及差生发展。     

审视高中导师制：学生发展指导的视角

普通高中建立学生发展指导制度是国家教育改革与发展的要求之一。当前我国普通高中教育正处于从精英教育、选拔教育转向普及教育和基本教育的变革之中。基于育人为本的学生发展指导制度,旨在全面提高普通高中学生的综合素质,必须体现高中学校全面实施素质教育的要求。高中导师制需要以学生发展指导思想为依据,确立高中导师制的合理定位,使高中...     

重庆市社区教育发展的历史回顾与展望

重庆市的社区教育经历了一个曲折的历史发展过程,在现阶段面临着供需矛盾突出、发展环境堪忧、体系建设迟缓、资源整合不足等问题。必须确立社区教育地位,更新教育发展观念;加强政策环境建设,完善发展体制机制;加强办学体系建设,提升办学队伍能力;加强平台课程建设,以人为本开展办学。以此促进社区教育快速、健康发展,适应学习型城市建设需要。     

论高等教育与城市发展的关系

我国几乎全部高校都集中在城市,高等教育与城市发展有着密切关系。从高等教育和人与社会的关系及其本身的功能出发来看高等教育对城市发展的影响,同时集合城市与城市发展的内涵看其对高等教育的作用,能更全面、系统地认识高等教育与城市发展之间的关系。     

地区经济发展差异与高等教育成本补偿属地化

根据我国地区经济发展差异 ,对经济发展水平和高等教育成本补偿水平进行的理论和实证研究表明 ,我国各地区间高等教育的生均教育经费与人均国内生产总值成正相关 ,学费水平与人均国内生产总值成正相关 ,学费水平与高等教育生均成本成正相关 ,学费水平与人均可支配收入成正相关。实施高等教育成本补偿属地化是我国现阶段不可避免的政策选择     

What Are You Doing—

The purpose of this paper is to provoke thought and hopefully stimulate action in physical educators in relation to moral education through physical education. A brief overview of three moral education programs in public schools serves to enlighten the reader concerning the possibilities for such development. Kohlberg's cognitive-developmental approach to moral education is discussed in greater depth since the author recommends this model as the foundation for moral education programs in physical education. A review of cognitive-developmental moral research culminates in the establishment of three guiding principles related to (a) nature of moral dilemmas, (h) nature of the environment, and (c) role of the teacher. An application of Kohlbergian techniques to physical education is discussed in relation to the three guiding principles. The paper concludes with an appeal to physical educators for greater concern and involvement with this long-standing goal of physical education for moral (character) development by the implementation of programs in the gymnasium classroom and in teacher education programs with concurrent research to support such programs.     

信息网络化与我国教育

信息网络化在全球迅猛发展，网络在教育中的推广使用，进一步改进和增强了学校教与学的能力，提高教与学的效率，并促进适应社会发展需求的新的教育模式产生，使教育发生深刻的革命性变革。只要抓住教学质量这条生命线，充分发挥现代教育技术的优势，提升网络教育的技术含量，加强对外交流与合作，发挥网络教学的优势，就能实现我国教育的跨越式发展。     

如何理解学生的“全面发展”

学生的全面发展是教育的根本目标,但长期以来,由于对学生全面素质结构认识不够完整清晰,以致教育活动系统诸如目标系统、课程系统、教学系统和管理评价系统都有缺失。“四格”素质结构理念对学生全面素质作了新的认识,即学生(作为人)有待发展的全面素质由体格、心格、智格、行格“四格”组成,“四格”各自以自身独特的内涵而存在,又互相交融,不可分割。“四格”理念旨在构建面向学生全面素质发展的课程体系。     

Agonistic democracy and passionate professional development in teacher-leaders

Politicians and policy-makers in education routinely proclaim the centrality of schools and teachers in sustaining and consolidating democracy and democratic society. This article offers an account of teachers engaged in research in their schools and classrooms, with peers and students, so as to highlight the democratic potential of this engagement. In order to do so, it draws on an agonistic account of democracy that is distinct from more familiar liberal or procedural versions. Such an account is characterised by an emphasis on the values of constitutive pluralism, robust contestation and enduring tragedy, where the latter entails recognition of the ineliminable nature of (political) conflict and the inevitability of loss in human life. The teachers involved in this research demonstrated capacities which, it is argued, reflect an agonistic democratic ethos, including: developing the confidence to assume intellectual leadership by asking questions and eliciting and engaging plural perspectives in relation to these questions; engagement in the cut and thrust of research without the expectation of finding any final or perfect solutions; and an acceptance of difference and disagreement as constitutive and constructive elements in rethinking areas of policy and practice. Developing and encouraging these capacities, it is argued, is important in an increasingly authoritarian policy context that threatens the vital links between democracy and education highlighted by Dewey a century ago.     

Capacity-Related Innovations Resulting From the Implementation of a Community Collaboration Model for School Improvement

A new genus of district and school improvement models entails partnerships with other organizations and new working relationships with families, community leaders, and youths. The Ohio Community Collaboration Model for School Improvement (OCCMSI) is one such model. It enables partners to leverage family and community resources for learning, healthy development, and overall success in school. This study presents qualitative research findings about the key capacities developed by 6 schools and 6 districts piloting the OCCMSI. Process and product innovations, as well as facilitators and barriers, were tracked as these sites progressed with their implementation efforts. Implications are drawn in relation to how these new and expanded capacities might be prioritized by district and school leaders, consultants, and other professionals involved in partnership-centered models of school improvement.     

浅议高职国家级骨干示范院校引领能力建设

高职国家级骨干示范院校是全国各个高职院校学习的典范,承担着引导中国高等职业教育发展方向的重任,其引领能力的建设尤其重要。国家级骨干示范院校引领能力建设主要包括：先进办学理念和领导能力建设,职业教育和人才培养模式的导向能力建设,及其辐射能力建设等几个方面。只有建设好骨干示范院校这几方面的能力,才能使他们在引导中国高等职业教育快速发展的过程中起到应有的带头示范作用。     

中小学生自我意识培养与潜能开发的途径与方法

潜能的含义不仅指尚待开发的智能,而且包括个性发展的潜在可能性,这是把潜能开发纳入素质教育轨道的新提法。实践证明,通过课堂中的自主教学、班级中的自主管理、实行鼓励性评价、提高学生自我意识的发展水平、发挥积极心理暗示的影响作用等途径,改善育人环境,充分调动学生内在的积极因素,是开发中小学生潜能的有效途径。