THE HUMANITIES AND THE SOCIAL SCIENCES IN TRANSITION

The humanities and the social sciences particularly suffered under communism because of the susceptibility of their disciplines to political and ideological manipulation. Nevertheless, in some of them the intellectual climate was more liberal in the Academy than in the universities. With transition, a much reduced research staff has adopted new approaches to research and to the definition of areas of research, one of which is a reevaluation of the recent history of the Czech Republic. A major task of the humanities and the social sciences is permanent reflection on the human condition.     

马克思主义科学与人文辩证关系观

马克思恩格斯认识到科学技术是生产力,是最高意义的革命力量,同时也看到了其负面作用。因此,他们从科学与人文辩证关系上提出“自然科学是关于人的科学”的观点。毛泽东着重强调科技的社会正面功能,指出自然科学是人们争取自由的一种有力武器。邓小平提出“科学技术是第一生产力”,并提出要使科学与教育、社会科学与自然科学协调发展等观点。江泽民指出“科学技术是先进生产力的集中体现和主要标志。”并提出建构世界科技伦理体系的主张及哲学社会科学与自然科学“四个同等重要”思想。胡锦涛提出包含科学与人文协调发展含义的“科学发展观”及“建构和谐社会”主张。中国马克思主义者继承并进一步发展了-5克思主义经典作家科学与人文辩证关系观。     

KNOWLEDGE AND PROPOSITIONAL FORM: WAYS OF EVALUATING IN THE ARTS AND HUMANITIES

In attempting to understand what we are doing in assessing and evaluating in the Arts and Humanities, it is necessary to clarify and rethink some basic concepts. Amongst these the notion of knowledge and what is involved in knowledge is important, as is our understanding of propositional form. This paper also proposes that 1t would be useful to reconsider the view that there is a necessary dichotomy between the Sciences and the Arts and Humanities.     

让后天永不到来——通过两部电影解读科学与人文之间的关系

通过解读美国好莱坞电影<后天>、<代理人>等,结合西方哲学阐释科技与人类之间的关系.科学技术促进了工业文明的极大发展,工业文明导致了物质的极大丰富.然而科学技术的进步是否可以净化并保护我们赖以生存的地球环境,是否可以为人类精神的健康发展指引一个正确的方向,这些问题值得深思.     

THE CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The procedures for the licensing, attestation, and accreditation of educational institutions in the Russian Federation are listed and described. The reasons for a unified system of control and evaluation of educational institutions, particularly higher education institutions, are explained.     

融人文素质教育于大学语文教学中

“大学语文”通过其特殊的文学方式对学生进行人文素质教育,是素质教育的重要课程。新建本科院校应该将人文素质教育与“大学语文”教学融合起来,从基本做起,提高大学生人文素质。     

山西师范大学现代文理学院

山西师范大学现代文理学院坐落于有“华夏第一都”之称的临汾市,是2002年6月经山西省人民政府批准、国家教育部备案,以新机制、新模式举办的实施全目制本科学历教育的独立学院。学院现有16个系、34个专业及方向,在校生9099人。     

EVALUATION AT THE UNIVERSITY LEVEL: RESPONSIVE AND RESPONSIBLE

This paper describes an evaluation of an Elementary Education Program using Stake's model of responsive evaluation. The problems involved in each of the twelve steps of the strategy are discussed and the influence of the University setting on the program is considered.     

南、北方大学生性格优点自评、互评、元评价之比较研究

以大连、成都两所高校的207名学生为样本,从自评、互评、元评价三维角度,对比调查南、北方人的性格优点。结果发现：在三个评价维度上获得一致的性格优点。南方人精明、细腻,北方人耿直、大方、热情;南北方人都有一些优点没有取得三维评价的一致结果。     

THE USE OF LEARNING PROFILES IN ASSESSMENT AND IN THE EVALUATION OF TEACHING

This paper reports how individual students respond to a nine‐week course in plant anatomy using two teaching techniques: self‐instruction and group interaction.

Students vary widely in their responses to teaching by these techniques. Over the four years of the study (1975–78) four major patterns of response have emerged. These are described as learning profiles. The profiles are composed from curves depicting the attainment of individual students, measured in seven weekly assessment tests given during group sessions. The assessment tests measured performance in four capacities, based on Bloom's criteria, viz. recall of knowledge, comprehension, application and short‐chain problem solving. Learning curves for each of these four capacities were obtained for each individual student. Other variables, e.g. general ability, age, sex, anxiety, motivation, time spent etc. were also determined for each student.

The purpose of the course is to train students to solve problems in plant anatomy. Although strategies for solving long‐chain problems were not practised in groups, the component skills used in their solution were practised in the weekly test items.

From the profile types — i.e. the patterns of individual response to the teaching ‐ it was possible to make some prediction about performance in the final examination, although this examination was predominantly one to test capacity to solve long‐chain, multi‐step problems.     

当代西方市场社会主义者的社会主义观及评价

当代西方国家社会主义者在社会主义的前途命运问题上,提出“社会主义永远比资本主义公正”、“社会主义必须现代化”的观点;在社会主义的价值目标涵义上,提出“平等目标论”、“自由目标论”和“综合目标论”的观点;在如何实现社会主义的问题上,认为市场社会主义是现阶段的一条最佳途径。从当代西方市场社会主义的理论内容和目的出发,我们认定其仍然坚持了社会主义的价值取向。     

法官考核指标体系的重构及其技术运用

法官考核实质是司法绩效考核,现行法官考核的行政化模式不能突出法官职业特点.重构法官考核指标体系,应当引入公共管理的理念和方法,在提升和完善绩效评估体系的基础上构建科学合理的法院绩效管理制度:按照绩效考评的SMART原则,突出法官考核的KPI体系,并运用相关技术赋予不同权重,实现定性分析与定量分析相结合,以较为全面地反映出法官个体素质.     

THE EVALUATION OF RESEARCH AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A GRANT SYSTEM IN THE ROMANIAN ACADEMY

The Romanian Academy decided to conduct an evaluation of its research institutes based on facts, quantitative statistical data and indicators, as well as on qualitative factors specific to each scientific domain. A first report, concerning input data analyses (human, material, and financial resources), was issued at the beginning of 1995. A second one, consisting of a revised and updated version of input analyses, as well as an output evaluation (publications, patents, etc.) was due to appear in the autumn of 1985. During the spring of 1995, the Romanian Academy initiated a research grant system, open to all Romanian scientists and research groups, for the competitive funding of projects in fundamental and advanced research. Applications are screened and selected by four autonomous expert panels, after an ex‐ante evaluation; midterm and final evaluations (ex‐post) are also foreseen.     

THE MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE MIDDLESEX POLYTECHNIC DIP H.E. PROGRAMME

Monitoring and evaluation of a complex course is based on data acquired formally from normal administrative records; from research, sometimes in the form of students' projects; from staff and student questionnaires. Informally, regular tutor‐group meetings and a receptive attiude on the part of staff to student opinion are crucial. Once appropriate questions have been asked, it is then possible to ensure a flow of Information which can affect not only the day‐to‐day operation of the course but also its strategic planning.