共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
Andrea Bonaccorsi 《Minerva》2008,46(3):285-315
The article addresses the issue of dynamics of science, in particular of new sciences born in twentieth century and developed
after the Second World War (information science, materials science, life science). The article develops the notion of search
regime as an abstract characterization of dynamic patterns, based on three dimensions: the rate of growth, the degree of internal
diversity of science and the associated dynamics (convergent vs. proliferating), and the nature of complementarity. The article
offers a conceptual discussion for the argument that new sciences follow a different pattern than established sciences and
presents preliminary evidence drawn from original data in particle physics, computer science and nanoscience.
相似文献
Andrea BonaccorsiEmail: |
2.
Matthew Stanley 《Minerva》2008,46(2):181-194
This paper argues that that political context of British science popularization in the inter-war period was intimately tied
to contemporary debates about religion and science. A leading science popularizer, the Quaker astronomer A.S. Eddington, and
one of his opponents, the materialist Chapman Cohen, are examined in detail to show the intertwined nature of science, philosophy,
religion, and politics.
Matthew Stanley is associate professor in the Gallatin School at New York University. He conducts research on the history of the physical sciences as well as the history of science and religion. 相似文献
Matthew StanleyEmail: |
Matthew Stanley is associate professor in the Gallatin School at New York University. He conducts research on the history of the physical sciences as well as the history of science and religion. 相似文献
3.
Edgeir Benum 《Minerva》2007,45(4):365-387
This essay explores how the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Norway became linked into a
science policy discourse that radiated throughout the developed world. Despite political differences, this discourse changed
forever the expectations by which Norway’s universities and its fundamental research institutions were to operate.
相似文献
Edgeir BenumEmail: |
4.
Isabelle Laboulais 《Minerva》2008,46(1):17-36
The revolutionary period in France marked a turning point in the history of the profession of mining engineering and its relation
to the State. This essay outlines the changing requirements of the revolutionary government, and describes the ways in which
the State and its engineering professionals responded to the challenge of combining science and practice.
相似文献
Isabelle LaboulaisEmail: |
5.
Laurel Smith-Doerr 《Minerva》2008,46(1):1-16
Many graduate programmes in science now require courses in ethics. However, little is known about their reception or use.
Using websites and interviews, this essay examines ethics requirements in the field of biosciences in three countries (the
United States of America, the United Kingdom, and Italy) between 2000 and 2005. Evidence suggests that current policies may
be ineffective, and that scientists who take ethical issues seriously are seen as exceptional.
相似文献
Laurel Smith-DoerrEmail: |
6.
The president’s science advisor was formerly established in the days following the Soviet launch of Sputnik at the height
of the Cold War, creating an impression of scientists at the center of presidential power. However, since that time the role
of the science advisor has been far more prosaic, with a role that might be more aptly described as a coordinator of budgets
and programs, and thus more closely related to the functions of the Office of Management and Budget than the development of
presidential policy. This role dramatically enhances the position of the scientific community to argue for its share of federal
expenditures. At the same time, scientific and technological expertise permeates every function of government policy and politics,
and the science advisor is only rarely involved in wider White House decision making. The actual role of the science advisor
as compared to its heady initial days, in the context of an overall rise of governmental expertise, provides ample reason
to reconsider the role of the presidential science advisor, and to set our expectations for that role accordingly.
相似文献
Roberta KleinEmail: |
7.
Funding agencies in Canada are attempting to break down the organizational boundaries between disciplines to promote interdisciplinary
research and foster the integration of the social sciences into the health research field. This paper explores the extent
to which biomedical and clinician scientists’ perceptions of social science research operate as a cultural boundary to the
inclusion of social scientists into this field. Results indicated that cultural boundaries may impede social scientists’ entry
into the health research field through three modalities: (1) biomedical and clinician scientists’ unfavourable and ambivalent
posture towards social science research; (2) their opposition to a resource increase for the social sciences; and (3) clinician
scientists procedural assessment criteria for social science. The paper also discusses the merits and limitations of Tom Gieryn’s
concept of boundary-work for studying social dynamics within the field of science.
相似文献
Brian D. HodgesEmail: |
8.
Geert J. Somsen 《Minerva》2008,46(3):361-379
That science is fundamentally universal has been proclaimed innumerable times. But the precise geographical meaning of this
universality has changed historically. This article examines conceptions of scientific internationalism from the Enlightenment
to the Cold War, and their varying relations to cosmopolitanism, nationalism, socialism, and ‘the West’. These views are confronted
with recent tendencies to cast science as a uniquely European product.
Geert Somsen is assistant professor in history of science. After a PhD in the history of chemistry, his current work focuses on socialist conceptions of science in the twentieth century and on scientific internationalism. With Harmke Kamminga, he edited Pursuing the Unity of Science: Scientific Practice and Ideology between the Great War and the Cold War (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, forthcoming). 相似文献
Geert J. SomsenEmail: |
Geert Somsen is assistant professor in history of science. After a PhD in the history of chemistry, his current work focuses on socialist conceptions of science in the twentieth century and on scientific internationalism. With Harmke Kamminga, he edited Pursuing the Unity of Science: Scientific Practice and Ideology between the Great War and the Cold War (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, forthcoming). 相似文献
9.
For academic administrators, the management of research remains a matter more of hope than expectation. It has proved particularly
difficult to measure quality. Managers typically view research as an ‹asset’. This essay argues that it is more useful to
view research and its management as ‹process’, and explores the implications of doing so for managers and researchers alike.
相似文献
Paul H. J. HendriksEmail: |
10.
Peder Anker 《Minerva》2007,45(4):417-434
Buckminster Fuller’s experiences in the Navy became a model for his ecological design projects and suggestions for the global
management of ‘Spaceship Earth’. Inspired by technocratic ideas of the 1930s, Fuller envisaged, in the 1970s, an elitist world
without politics, in which designers were at the helm, steering the planet out of its environmental crises.
相似文献
Peder AnkerEmail: |
11.
Assessing cultural values: developing an attitudinal scale 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effective measurement of cultural value is often elusive because of its multidimensional nature. It is also influenced by
sociodemographic characteristics (manifest variables) and attitudinal characteristics (latent variables) of populations. While
the former is easily available to researchers, the latter has not been fully studied. This paper suggests the use of a cultural
worldview scale that was developed to measure cultural attitudes of people, using factor and cluster analysis. Four factors
comprise the scale: cultural linkages, recognition of cultural values, cultural loss and preservation of traditions and customs.
Some advantages of using this scale are demonstrated, and relationships with sociodemographic variables are investigated.
Managerial and policy implications are discussed.
相似文献
Jeff BennettEmail: |
12.
Geert J. Somsen 《Minerva》2008,46(2):231-245
The political engagement of scientists is not necessarily left-wing, and even when it is, it can take widely varying forms.
This is illustrated by the specific character of Dutch scientific activism in the 1930s and 40s, which took shape in a society
where ‘pillarized’ social divisions were more important than horizontal class structure. This paper examines how, within this
context, the Delft physicist Jan Burgers developed a version of scientific politics, built on a philosophy of value-laden
science.
Geert J. Somsen is assistant professor in history of science. After receiving a PhD in the history of chemistry, his current work involves ideological uses of science in twentieth-century Britain and the Netherlands, with a focus on scientific internationalism. With Harmke Kamminga he edited Pursuing the Unity of Science: Scientific Practice and Ideology between the Great War and the Cold War (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, forthcoming). 相似文献
Geert J. SomsenEmail: |
Geert J. Somsen is assistant professor in history of science. After receiving a PhD in the history of chemistry, his current work involves ideological uses of science in twentieth-century Britain and the Netherlands, with a focus on scientific internationalism. With Harmke Kamminga he edited Pursuing the Unity of Science: Scientific Practice and Ideology between the Great War and the Cold War (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, forthcoming). 相似文献
13.
Chiara Verbano Karen Venturini Giorgio Petroni Anna Nosella 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(1):3-34
Given the limited number of studies on this topic, the aim of this study is to better understand the characteristics of art
restoration firms in Italy, with particular reference to their use of innovative technologies such as laser technology. The
paper is supported by a survey conducted in a sample of 100 companies. The factors that have led firms to adopt or resist
the adoption of the laser were identified and analysed. The results show that the main determinants of laser adoption are
collaborative activities between the firms and universities and specific requests made by public institutions to use this
technology.
相似文献
Chiara VerbanoEmail: |
14.
Michael Hutter Christian Knebel Gunnar Pietzner Maren Schäfer 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2007,31(4):247-261
The article tests a couple of hypotheses relating to markets where demand is not taken as a given, but subject to sophisticated
and encompassing price-building strategies. The study uses a data set that provides quoted dealer prices for medium-sized
works of 100 leading visual artists from 1970 to 2004. These data are compared with auction price results for works by the
same artists. The study reports significant discrepancies with respect to the relationship between the age of artists and
prices paid for their works in the two markets, and with respect to general price developments in the two markets as measured
by indices.
相似文献
Michael HutterEmail: |
15.
Mario Coccia 《Minerva》2009,47(1):31-50
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the nature of bureaucratization within public research bodies and its relationship
to scientific performance, focusing on an Italian case-study. The main finding is that the bureaucratization of the research
sector has two dimensions: public research labs have academic bureaucratization since researchers spend an increasing part
of their time in administrative matters (i.e., preparing grant applications, managing grants/projects, and so on); whereas
universities mainly have administrative bureaucratization generated by the increase over time of administrative staff in comparison
with researchers and faculty. In addition, I show that research units with higher bureaucratization have lower scientific
performance.
相似文献
Mario CocciaEmail: |
16.
Jason Potts Stuart Cunningham John Hartley Paul Ormerod 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2008,32(3):167-185
We propose a new definition of the creative industries in terms of social network markets. The extant definition of the creative
industries is based on an industrial classification that proceeds in terms of the creative nature of inputs and the intellectual
property nature of outputs. We propose, instead, a new market-based definition in terms of the extent to which both demand
and supply operate in complex social networks. We review and critique the standard creative industries definitions and explain
why we believe a market-based social network definition offers analytic advance. We discuss some empirical, analytic and policy
implications of this new definition.
相似文献
Jason PottsEmail: |
17.
Todd D. Kendall 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2009,33(1):19-47
Film plays an important role in the American political system, and forms an important branch of the mass media. I analyze
the political contributions of a sample of 996 top film actors, directors, producers, and writers, correlating them with demographic,
family, and career success variables. I find that contributions flow overwhelmingly to left-of-center parties and organizations.
I theorize about the causes of this bias, and argue empirically that, while demographic variables are not completely irrelevant,
Hollywood liberalism is primarily a function of high, publicly visible incomes, and family connections. Neither religion nor
birthplace effects seem to affect political activity in the film business.
相似文献
Todd D. KendallEmail: |
18.
This article investigates the effect of a Tony nomination or win on the demand facing a Broadway production using a panel
of weekly revenues for Broadway productions from 1996 to 2007. Our results indicate that the effect of a nomination or win
is positive in the week of the announcement and gradually increases in successive weeks, presumably due to publicity and word-of-mouth.
Winners experience an increase in demand as late as 1 year later when awards are publicized for the following season. Moreover,
nominees that do not win the award are penalized heavily in the weeks following the Award announcements. We find that winning
a Tony Award increases a production’s revenues by 12% in the week immediately following the Awards.
相似文献
Lesley ChiouEmail: |
19.
This article presents an empirical study of paintings that have failed to meet their reserve price at auction. In the art
trade, it is often claimed that when an advertised item goes unsold at auction, it will sell for less in the future. We have
constructed a new dataset specifically for the purpose of testing this proposition. To preview our results, we find that paintings
which come to auction and failed return significantly less when they are eventually sold than those paintings that have not
been advertised at auction between sales. These lower returns may occur because of common value effects, idiosyncratic downward
trends in tastes, or changes in the seller’s reserve price.
相似文献
Kathryn GraddyEmail: |
20.
Roy Macleod 《Minerva》2008,46(1):53-76
In 1925, A.J. Balfour, first Earl Balfour and author of the famous ‘Balfour Declaration’, attended the inauguration of the
Hebrew University in Jerusalem. His education and experience of foreign policy equipped him to take a prominent role. However,
the conditions of strife-torn Palestine weighed heavily upon him, and raised wider interests of imperial concern. This essay
recounts the circumstances leading to his visit, and suggests that, whatever the region’s political destiny, Balfour’s vision
of science-based economic development would play an essential role in crafting its future.
相似文献
Roy MacleodEmail: |