体育教育专业男女大学生Wingate测试分析

为分析比较体育教育专业男女大学生无氧代谢能力的特征,对186名体育教育专业男女大学生进行30 s Wingate测试,结果显示,体育教育专业男大学生的最大无氧功率、平均无氧功率显著高于女生,不同时段最大转速、平均功率趋势一致,均显著高于女生,最大转速出现时间男生早于女生,男生的疲劳指数显著高于女生,女生在10～30 s各组的相对峰值显著高于男生.体育教育专业男生的无氧代谢能力显著大于女生,男生与女生比较,其无氧代谢能力表现为启动速度快,峰值功率高,但无氧功率的递减率快.     

大学生自主体育锻炼参与行为的调查与分析

本文对南京五所普通高校500名大学生自主体育锻炼参与行为进行了调查与分析,结果显示,大学生参与自主体育锻炼的频度较低,时间短,达到体育锻炼习惯标准的只有20．5％,而且男女生差异显著,男生的积极参与率明显高于女生,女生的有机会参与率高于男生。本文调查结果可为新形势下高校体育教学改革提供参考。     

重庆市高校大学生体育意识与体育行为现状调查分析

通过文献资料和问卷调查等方法,对重庆市12所普通高校大学生参加课外体育活动的动机、活动形式、锻炼时间、锻炼次数以及课外体育活动管理等方面进行了调查。结果表明:有91.5%的男生和94.9%的女生认为参加体育锻炼很重要;每一周参加课外体育活动2次的男生为50.4%,女生为41.8%;男生最喜爱的运动项目是足球,健美操是女生最喜爱的运动项目;学习压力大与场地器材是影响大学生参加体育锻炼的重要因素。     

浅谈体育比赛欣赏

体育比赛欣赏,是欣赏者通过听觉、视觉、触觉去感受体育比赛,从中获得体育运动生理、心理的享受,得到精神的愉悦和认知的满足。通过对体育比赛欣赏的项目、内容和形式的研究调查,了解目前体育比赛欣赏存在的问题,提出建议,要不断提高体育比赛欣赏水平,从而更好的享受体育的活力和体育的魅力。     

体育专业大学生恋爱伤害现状实证分析

对我国中部地区部分高校510名体育专业大学生的恋爱伤害现状进行实证调查,结果显示体育专业大学生:恋爱受到伤害人数多、等级重;恋爱伤害致因及遭遇伤害后的心理想法、行为表现、应对方式与普通专业各有不同;男生受伤害比率显著高于女生;女生被动受伤较多,但女生对伤害的应对比男生更积极;有性行为恋爱受伤者,其呈现出的心理、生理伤害更严重,想法和行为更极端。高校应加强对体育专业大学生恋爱情感心智及恋爱伤害规避教育。     

运动自我概念与运动自我效能对大学生体育锻炼行为的影响

研究运动自我概念与运动自我效能对大学生锻炼行为的影响及它们之间的相互关系。以天津934名大学生为研究对象进行问卷调查,结果显示男生体育行为、运动自我概念和运动自我效能总体均高于女生;四年级大学生体育锻炼的积极性明显低于其它年级;女生的运动自我概念与运动自我效能通过交互作用影响体育锻炼行为,而男生的体育锻炼行为主要受运动自我效能影响;性别、运动自我概念与运动自我效能是预测体育行为的主要因素。     

体育专业与非体育专业大学生自信的比较

对河南大学的114名体育专业大学生和126名非体育专业大学生的自信程度进行了测量和比较，结果表明：体育专业大学生在体育运动、爱情关系、外表、社会程度作用和总体自信水平上显著优于非体育专业大学生；体育运动对男性大学生的影响较为深刻，体育专业男生在体育运动、学业表现、爱情关系、外表、社会相互作用和自信总分上均显著优于非体育专业男生；体育专业女生在体育运动方面自信水平明显高于非体育专业女生，在自信的其他维度上无明显差异。     

大学生健康危险行为调查

自制健康危险行为问卷，对422名二年级大学生进行了有关健康危险行为的调查。结果：危害大学生健康的行为在大学生中较为普遍，一些健康危险行为存在性别差异。男生吸烟率为40．9％；男生喝啤酒率为92．6％，女生为71．0％；有32．2％的男生和12．9％的女生经常体育锻炼；有29．5％男生和6．5％女生发生过意外伤害，有的40．9％男生和38．7％女生有过骑摩托车或坐摩托车不带头盔的情况发生，有32．9％的男生和16．1％女生有过通宵娱乐或学习。     

北京普通高校大学生课外体育活动与心理健康的调查研究

通过问卷调查等方法对北京普通高校大学生参加课外体育活动对其心理健康的影响进行测试与分析.结果 表明,北京普通高校大学生心理健康状况好于全国大学生同年龄组水平,男生相对好于女生,中等偏上运动量对男生有较好的心理健康效应,中等偏下运动量对女生有较好的心理健康效应,长期坚持中等运动量的体育锻炼有利于大学生心理健康水平的提高.     

对高校女生体育教学探析

在高校体育教学中,女大学生有其自身的特点和规律,但很多院校女生体育课教学内容却同男生一样,而影响了女生体育教学效果,如何根据女大学生生理、心理特点进行施教,在分析研究影响女大学生上体育课心理因素的基础上,就女生体育课的选择教材内容,教学方法手段,运动负荷安排,促进女生个性发展等方面提出建议。     

A National Profile of Teacher Education Faculty: The Construction of an Online Survey

The purposes of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability of the PACER 20-m, multistage shuttle run and to examine the equivalence reliability of the mile run/walk and PACER from both a criterion-referenced and norm-referenced framework. All fourth- and fifth-grade children (N = 266) from one public school were administered two trials of the PACER and one trial of the mile run/walk (mean age = 10.5 ± 0.5 years). The percent of boys that passed the PACER (68%) was similar to the percent of boys that passed the mile run/walk (66%); however, the percent of girls that passed the PACER (96%) far exceeded the percent of girls that passed the mile run/walk (65%). Criterion-referenced reliability was estimated with proportion of agreement (Pa) and modified kappa (Kq) using FITNESSGRAM® (Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, 1992) standards. Pa = .97 (Kq = .94) for girls and Pa = .82 (Kq = .65) for boys. The high level of agreement for girls was found because of the low criterion-referenced standards, which allowed 99 of 104 girls to pass both trials of the PACER. Criterion-referenced equivalence reliability of the mile run/walk and PACER was moderate for boys (Pa = .83, Kq = .65) and low for girls (Pa = .66, Kq = .33). The low level of classification agreement for girls was also explained by the low standards for the PACER for this age group. Thirty-four percent of the girls that passed the PACER failed the mile run/walk. Norm-referenced test-retest reliability of the PACER was estimated with an intraclass correlation (R_xx) from a one-way analysis of variance model. Reliability estimates were high for two trials (R_xx = .89 for boys and R_xx = .89 for girls) and acceptable for one trial (R_xx = .80 for boys and R_xx = .79 for girls). Pearson correlations between the mile run/walk and PACER were moderate (-.59≤r≤-.67). The moderate correlations between the mile run/walk and PACER and the low criterion-referenced...     

Measurement Errors in Modified Pull-Ups Testing

In a review of 46 meta-analyses of gender differences, overhand throwing had the largest gender difference favoring boys (ES > 3.0). Expectations for gender-specific performances may be less pronounced in female Australian Aborigines, because historical accounts state they threw for defense and hunting. Overhand throwing velocities and kinematics were recorded in 30 female and male Aboriginal Australian children 6-10 years old. Results indicated the Aboriginal girls and boys were more similar in horizontal ball velocities than U.S. girls and boys. Throwing kinematics between girls and boys were also more similar in Australian Aborigines than U.S. children. Aboriginal girls threw with greater velocities than U.S., German, Japanese, and Thai girls, while the boys were similar across cultures.     

Developmental gender differences for overhand throwing in Aboriginal Australian children

In a review of 46 meta-analyses of gender differences, overhand throwing had the largest gender difference favoring boys (ES > 3.0). Expectations for gender-specific performances may be less pronounced in female Australian Aborigines, because historical accounts state they threw for defense and hunting. Overhand throwing velocities and kinematics were recorded in 30 female and male Aboriginal Australian children 6-10 years old. Results indicated the Aboriginal girls and boys were more similar in horizontal ball velocities than U.S. girls and boys. Throwing kinematics between girls and boys were also more similar in Australian Aborigines than U.S. children. Aboriginal girls threw with greater velocities than U.S., German, Japanese, and Thai girls, while the boys were similar across cultures.     

Development of the Overarm Throw: Movement and Ball Velocity Changes by Seventh Grade

Abstract

Children studied longitudinally from kindergarten through second grade were refilmed in seventh grade as they performed 10 trials of the forceful overarm throw. The horizontal ball velocities of the 22 boys and the 17 girls were compared with predictions made when the children were in second grade. The original estimate of an annual rate of change (a “developmental year”) of 5–8 feet/sec/year (1.52–2.44m) remained accurate for the boys; the original estimate for the girls had to be increased to 2–4.5 feet/sec/year (.61–1.37m). While the gap between the sexes increased throughout elementary school, it increased at a slower rate from second to seventh grade than it had during the primary years. By seventh grade, however, the girls were 5 developmental years behind the boys. The data also suggested a difference in the degree to which the sexes maintained their relative positions within their groups: girls appeared more stable than boys across the elementary years. Change was also assessed in the developmental levels exhibited by the children as they threw. The girls' rate of development was 5–6 years behind the boys' rate. Few boys, however, had reached an advanced level in all movement components by seventh grade. Self-reports suggested that the boys had participated in more overarm throwing than had the girls.     

普通高校大学生体育欣赏能力影响因素及其相关分析

摘 要:运用问卷调查法对河南大学在校学生体育欣赏现状及影响因素进行了调查,运用SPSS 17.0对相关数据进行了相关分析.认为影响大学生体育欣赏活动的内部因素主要有持久的兴趣、必要的体育审美修养、一定的审美心境、正确的审美观等,外部因素主要有对欣赏对象的了解程度、大众传播媒介、学校相关的设施、体育教师等.偏相关分析后认为在影响体育欣赏活动的各内部因素中,持久的兴趣与必要的体育审美修养呈现出密切正相关.     

Gender and ethnic changes in physical work capacity from childhood through adolescence

This study determined gender and ethnic differences in physical work capacity (PWC170) of 8-16-year-old American youth as they progress from elementary to high school. A multicohort group of 2,540 youth participated 50.4% girls (21.4% African Americans, and 78.6% Caucasians). PWC170 was predicted from cycle ergometer testing six times over a 7-year period. The absolute PWC170 of girls stabilized in early adolescence, while boys increased with each trial. The PWC170 relative to body weight of girls decreased steadily, whereas the boys remained stable. African Americans had greater absolute PWC170 values than Caucasians (p = .0001). The relative PWC170 was lower for African American girls than Caucasian girls (p = .0001), but there were no ethnic differences for boys (p > .05). Although correlations and grouping suggested moderate tracking; girls with high relative PWC170 tended to migrate to lower levels as they aged, where as high-peforming boys maintained their PWC170 as they aged.     

Sex-Role Stereotypes and Causal Attributions for Success and Failure in Motor Performance

This experiment investigated the relationship between sex-role stereotypes and causal attributions. Eighty fourth-grade boys and girls competed at a motor skill task against either boys or girls—either winning or losing. Subsequently, subjects assigned causality of their success or failure to various attributional factors. The data confirmed the following hypothesis derived from the literature on the sex-role stereotypes: Boys are less likely to claim the lack of their own abilities and the presence of the opponents' (girls') abilities as causes of their failures when they lose to girls than when they lose to boys. Girls showed a tendency (nonsignificant) to accept the lack of their abilities and the presence of the opponents' (boys') abilities as causes of their failures to a greater extent after losing to boys than after losing to girls. The results further revealed that mere performance against competitors of the same sex increased boys' stereotypes about their superiority over girls.     

Test-retest reliability of a battery of field-based health-related fitness measures for adolescents

The main aim of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability of existing tests of health-related fitness. Participants (mean age 14.8 years, s?=?0.4) were 42 boys and 26 girls who completed the study assessments on two occasions separated by one week. The following tests were conducted: bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to calculate percent body fat, leg dynamometer, 90° push-up, 7-stage sit-up, and wall squat tests. Intra-class correlation (ICC), paired samples t-tests, and typical error expressed as a coefficient of variation were calculated. The mean percent body fat intra-class correlation coefficient was similar for boys (ICC?=?0.95) and girls (ICC?=?0.93), but the mean coefficient of variation was considerably higher for boys than girls (22.2% vs. 12.2%). The boys' coefficients of variation for the tests of muscular fitness ranged from 9.0% for the leg dynamometer test to 26.5% for the timed wall squat test. The girls' coefficients of variation ranged from 17.1% for the sit-up test to 21.4% for the push-up test. Although the BIA machine produced reliable estimates of percent body fat, the tests of muscular fitness resulted in high systematic error, suggesting that these measures may require an extensive familiarization phase before the results can be considered reliable.     

普通高校实施《学生体质健康标准》的实践与思考

运用比较研究法,通过杭州电子科技大学实施《学生体质健康标准》的实践,结果表明:男女学生身高随着年级递升略有下降,男生体重随着年级递升而逐渐增加,女生体重随着年级递升而逐渐下降,男女学生较低体重率明显高于体重正常率,低年级学生心血管机能水平明显好于高年级,二年级男生和四年级女生肺功能水平较好;男女学生下肢爆发力、男生柔韧性和女生前臂力量的峰值出现在二年级;并对身高标准体重的评价标准进行思考。     

论竞技的源起及其审美内涵

竞技的源起是多元的 ,除了与宗教祭祀相关以外 ,还与战争、狩猎等行为有着密切的联系。现代竞技与传统竞技在审美功能上已有很大的不同 ,除了观赏娱乐之外 ,审美内涵观照的对象主要是对人的本质力量的展现 ,而且竞技审美已趋于多元化