基于企业成长视角的信任与企业控制权配置对象选择的关系研究

通过建立信任成本与企业成长关系模型并进行模型的推演分析研究,初步尝试得出在不同的企业成长阶段信任水平与企业控制权配置关系、信任结构与企业控制权配置关系,在不同的信任结构社会里信任结构对企业控制权的分布有明显影响等结论。     

高速成长企业的内部信任发展及其与控制的关系

企业的成长往往伴随着组织规模的扩张,而组织规模的急剧扩张会导致组织内部信任的稀释。为弥补与组织规模扩张相伴随的信任的不足,组织会试图加强各种正式制度的控制,而各种正式控制的增加又往往导致更严重的不信任状态,这是一种组织成长的信任悖论。本文利用心理学、社会学和经济学的研究成果,对信任的概念进行了辨析,剖析了关于信任建立的几种不同理论,在此基础上,对组织内信任与控制的关系进行分析,认为信任与控制既存在着替代关系,也存在着互补关系,并进而提出了一个组织内信任关系发展的动态模型。     

我国软件企业外包信任关系的路径演变分析——对杭州的多案例研究

 文章选取了杭州市四家具有代表性的软件企业,运用多案例分析方法,探讨我国软件企业外包信任关系的演变路径。研究将职业化关系中信任的发展阶段理论,以及信任具有认知性和情感性维度的理论,创新性的综合到软件企业外包信任关系的研究中。并且证实软件外包信任具有谋算型信任、了解型信任以及关系型信任三个阶段不同顺序的演变过程,以及这些阶段中认知性和情感性具有不同的变化,使软件外包信任关系的研究体系更加系统化。研究的现实意义是,软件外包合资企业在与其母公司合作时,在情感性信任上具有接包优势;本土企业需要立足国内,加强专业性,积极建立和维护与发包方的信任。     

不确定环境下组织间信任与合作创新绩效研究

管理者如何在不确定环境下管理好组织间信任模式,继而提升企业合作创新绩效成为企业面临的现实问题。本文基于战略决策视角分析不确定环境下组织间信任对合作创新绩效的影响机制。研究结果显示,组织间计算信任与关系信任对企业间合作创新绩效的影响具有差异性,具体表现为组织间计算信任能显著提升企业间合作创新绩效,组织间关系信任与企业间合作创新绩效间呈倒U型非线性关系,且关系信任的合作创新激励效应强于计算信任。进一步,市场不确定正向调节关系信任与合作创新关系,负向调节计算信任与合作创新关系。行为不确定负向调节关系信任与合作创新关系,正向调节计算信任与合作创新关系。本文丰富了供应链网络下组织间信任与企业创新发展相关理论研究,为企业在不确定环境下管理合作信任模式提供借鉴与指导。     

基于和谐管理理论的人力资本管理：一个理论框架

知识能力是人力资本的内核,影响企业绩效。本文应用和谐管理理论研究了制度性因素和非制度因素对知识能力的作用机理,尝试提出了一个基于和谐管理理论的人力资本管理框架。研究表明,有效的人力资本管理应从四个方面展开：第一,对人力资本管理的组织机构、控制程序和制度规范进行设计优化;第二,培育合作信任的环境氛围;第三,从组织整体的角度,使流程优化与合作信任培育形成组织协同;第四,建立和完善两阶段绩效评价的自我监督机制。     

创业企业与创投机构合作关系对成长绩效的影响

本文采用文献整理和合作访谈调研相结合的方式,设计有效的测度量表,发放问卷并获得相关数据,在可靠性检验的基础之上,利用典型相关分析方法,研究创业企业与创投机构合作关系影响其成长绩效的关键因素。研究发现创业企业与创投机构间的利益分配、信任程度及信息共享度是影响创业企业成长绩效的重要因素。     

制度信任与供应链协作信任、合作意图之间的动态差异性关系研究

以信任动态理论为理论基础,从供应链协作关系层面出发,研究提出了描述动态供应链协作信任的阶段理论模型,研究了不同阶段制度信任与供应链协作信任、合作意图之间动态差异性的作用关系.通过43个不同行业与规模的供应链企业的问卷调查,收集了318份有效样本数据,使用因子分析和结构方程建模方法,通过实证分析,揭示了不同阶段制度信任对供应链协作信任、合作意图的差异性影响.     

无形资本对创意产业新创企业成长性的影响——以广告业为例

从创业资本与新创企业成长性间的关系出发,以创意产业中的广告业作为主要研究对象,在Mirjamvan Praag(2003)提出的新创企业成长模型的基础上,结合广告业的资源依赖方式,将人力资本和社会资本这两类无形资本(intangible resources)引入模型,分别分析人力资本和社会资本对广告业新创企业成长性的影响。研究结果表明,无形创业资本能够有效促进创意产业的成长,在企业成长的不同阶段,不同资本的作用效果不同;并发现,人力资本对于广告业新创企业的业绩增长具有重要意义。     

创业拼凑、关系信任与新企业绩效实证研究

创业拼凑为突破"新生弱性"与"小而弱性"导致的双重资源约束提供了全新的理论解释,但其如何通过现有资源的创造性利用以支持新企业生存和成长、以及该过程中的影响因素尚不明确。本文以212家成立时间在8年内新企业为样本,研究关系信任对创业拼凑与新企业生存和成长的影响。实证结果发现:创业拼凑对新企业财务绩效、成长绩效具有显著地正影响;关系信任对创业拼凑与新企业财务绩效、成长绩效具有显著地调节作用。本文认为,在当前转型升级经济环境下的新企业通过"内外兼修"的方式培育和发展创业拼凑战略,并注重关系信任的资源配置机制和经济杠杆作用,以突破资源约束及获得创业成功。     

创投机构信任特征对风险企业成长绩效的影响

基于我国107家创投机构210份问卷的调研数据,以风险企业的政治和商业关系为视角,探讨创投机构对风险企业的信任特征对风险企业成长绩效的影响.研究发现,初始信任、计算性信任、了解性信任和认同性信任4个信任特征维度与风险企业成长绩效显著正相关.进一步考虑社会网络的影响,发现风险企业的政治关系对初始信任、计算性信任与风险企业成长绩效的关系具有显著的负向调节效应,对了解性信任、认同性信任与成长绩效的关系无调节效应;商业关系对信任特征与风险企业成长绩效的关系无调节效应.研究结果表明,风险企业的政治关系弱化了创投机构的低等级信任对企业成长的促进作用,政治关系对低等级信任起到了一定程度的替代效应.在我国当前的环境下,对帮助风险企业发展而言,政治关系比商业关系作用更显著,可靠度更高.     

大学生家庭结构、心理控制源与人际信任的关系

本研究主要从家庭结构、心理控制源两个方面入手,探讨并分析它们与人际信任的关系。研究采用随机抽样,从济南市高校抽取学生300人作为施测对象,进行人口统计学资料、心理控制源和人际信任的问卷调查。研究结果表明:女性人际信任显著高于男性、核心家庭的人际信任明显高于扩展家庭、家庭结构与是否独生交互作用显著。人际信任与内控性存在显著正相关,与有势力他人和机遇存在显著负相关,同伴家人信任与有势力他人和机遇存在负相关,无直接关系者信任与内控性存在正相关,与有势力他人呈负相关。人际信任可由内控性、有势力他人和机遇来较好地预测,内控性通过与家庭结构的交互作用影响着人际信任。     

Creativity, trust and systematic processes in product development

This paper addresses the challenge of striking a balance between, on one hand, mitigating uncertainty through the existence of systematic processes and structures and, on the other, stimulating creativity through allowable variation in work processes and structures. Both objectives are fundamental aspects of product development work. Our main finding is that both objectives can be achieved simultaneously. We introduce trust as a mediating variable. We show first, that being systematic in the processes for obtaining information and applying explicit organizational rules and structures in product development work creates an atmosphere of trust in the organization. Second, we show that trust increases creativity. The paper contributes to an understanding of how and why trust is important in product development organizations and of how trust can be actively managed. Above all, the paper contributes to the understanding of how uncertainty and creativity should be managed in organizations conducting product development.     

模块化生产网络的信任博弈及声誉激励研究

信任机制是模块化生产网络顺利运作的保障。研究了信任在模块化生产网络中的重要作用,分析了模块化生产网络的3种主要角色。构建了模块集成商与供应商之间的信任博弈模型,并建立了基于声誉的动态激励模型。结果表明：模块化生产网络的信任机制实质上是一种利益博弈问题,信任博弈具有帕累托改进性质的分配规则;声誉成为成员合作的一个有效激励,而动态激励机制注意到了模块供应商基于长期合作的声誉维护,起到了增强激励效应的作用。     

The categorical imperative and the ethics of trust

Trust can be understood as a precondition for a well-functioning society or as a way to handle complexities of living in a risk society, but also as a fundamental aspect of human morality. Interactions on the Internet pose some new challenges to issues of trust, especially connected to disembodiedness. Mistrust may be an important obstacle to Internet use, which is problematic as the Internet becomes a significant arena for political, social and commercial activities necessary for full participation in a liberal democracy. The Categorical Imperative lifts up trust as a fundamental component of human ethical virtues – first of all, because deception and coercion, the antitheses of trust, cannot be universalized. Mistrust is, according to Kant, a natural component of human nature, as we are social beings dependent on recognition by others but also prone to deceiving others. Only in true friendships can this tendency be overcome and give room for unconditional trust. Still we can argue that Kant must hold that trustworthy behaviour as well as trust in others is obligatory, as expressions of respect for humanity. The Kantian approach integrates political and ethical aspects of trust, showing that protecting the external activities of citizens is required in order to act morally. This means that security measures, combined with specific regulations are important preconditions for building online trust, providing an environment enabling people to act morally and for trust-based relationships.     

Knowledge sharing and team trustworthiness: it's all about social ties!

This paper empirically examines knowledge sharing within innovation teams and explores the relationship between knowledge sharing and trust. This relationship has generally been identified in the literature as an important aspect of knowledge management. However, its pertinence to knowledge transfer within and between teams is less obvious. The case study based on four information technology R&D teams in Taiwan suggests that trust between a knowledge holder and a receiver may not exist. In fact, it can be connected by a mediator, although the use of social relationship in which trust is rooted in both host and visitor's trust of the mediator. Thus, trust may be substituted by the social relationship in certain specific contexts.     

幸福感与商业模式创新：组织信任的跨层次作用

为探讨幸福感对商业模式创新的影响机制,及组织信任的调节作用,论文基于商业模式创新过程观,构建了幸福感、组织信任与商业模式创新三者之间的关系模型,并在50个商业模式创新团队的457份有效问卷基础上,应用跨层次分析的方法进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：（1）幸福感对商业模式创意和商业模式应用的影响均达到显著性水平;（2）同事信任和上级信任对商业模式创意和商业模式应用的影响均未达到显著性水平;（3）上级信任在幸福感与商业模式应用的关系中起到调节作用,但在幸福感与商业模式创意的关系中未起到调节作用;（4）同事信任在幸福感与商业模式创意和商业模式应用的关系中的调节作用均达到显著性水平。在此基础上,论文对研究结果进行了讨论分析,并给出相应的建议。     

An integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce: An empirical investigation

With the prevalence of social media and social networking, social commerce is becoming increasingly popular in both business and research areas. As in other types of e-commerce context, trust is also indispensable in social commerce. In this study, two types of trust have been discussed. This study represents an initial attempt to provide an integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce, including particularized trust antecedents, trust transfer and trust performance, so as to promote trust formation in social commerce. Using data collected from 614 social commerce users, we demonstrate that trust disposition, quality-assured shared information, familiarity and endorsement by other members are four antecedents of particularized trust. The results also indicate particularized trust can be transferred into system trust, and particularized trust only exerts positive effect on social WOM intention while system trust only exerts positive effect on social shopping intention. Furthermore, we prove perceived similarity can strengthen the relationship between trust disposition and particularized trust as well as the relationship between quality-assured shared information and particularized trust.     

跨国技术战略联盟的信任、冲突与联盟稳定

在国内外关于技术战略联盟理论分析的基础上,研究了联盟信任、冲突和稳定三者间的相互关系,以国内的跨国技术战略联盟为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式,利用因子分析和层次回归模型进行讨论,得到有效的结论：第一,联盟信任沟通可以正向的影响联盟稳定;第二,联盟冲突对联盟信任沟通的影响总体来说是负向的;第三,联盟信任沟通在联盟冲突与联盟稳定中起着完全中介作用,据此对维护良好的跨国联盟关系提出针对性的建议。     

Simulating rational social normative trust, predictive trust, and predictive reliance between agents

A program for the simulation of rational social normative trust, predictive `trust,' and predictive reliance between agents will be introduced. It offers a tool for social scientists or a trust component for multi-agent simulations/multi-agent systems, which need to include trust between agents to guide the decisions about the course of action. It is based on an analysis of rational social normative trust (RSNTR) (revised version of M. Tuomela 2002), which is presented and briefly argued. For collective agents, belief conditions for collective agency should be added. For the various forms of trust agents must have (at least) subjectively rational reasons to believe that the conditions of the trust account are fulfilled. A list of such reasons (of varied weights), e.g., given by empirical research, can manually be built into a parameter file or be generated by a calling program in a fixed format. From this list of reasons the program randomly generates a belief base for the agents of the artificial society. Reasons can be chained together so that one set of reasons satisfies several belief conditions. The program checks if the conditions are fulfilled for the artificial agents' social normative trust/predictive `trust'/`predictive reliance' in another agent that he will perform an action X. Each outcome is logged to a result file. In conclusion we discuss various aspects of the application of a trust component of the suggested kind in empirical research, social simulation, and multi-agent systems. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.