陆九渊“六经注我”的心学基础及其解释学意义

南宋著名的思想家陆九渊开创了宋明理学的"心学"流派,经过明代的王阳明发挥和补充逐渐成为很有影响力的哲学流派。作为"心学"的开创者,陆九渊首先是一个以"心"为出发点的心论者,其次在其关于宇宙和"心"的基本关系的导引下,着重强调"六经注我"的治学观和道德践履观。由于解释学已经越来越成为哲学研究最受关注的领域,因此回避"六经注我"的解释学意蕴已经不可能。但是我们同时也应该看到,陆九渊的论断不是一个纯解释学出发的论断,因此必须在其"心学"的基本立场上来体会其解释学意义。     

陆九渊何以开创“心学”一派

陆九渊是宋明理学中＂心学＂一派的创始人,提出了＂宇宙即是吾心,吾心即是宇宙＂、＂心即理＂等著名论断。陆九渊的＂心学＂与程朱理学思想宛如两座山峰,共同构筑了宋代儒家思想的主体部分,对宋代之后的思想发展产生了重大的影响。文章针对陆九渊何以开创＂心学＂一派,从陆九渊所处的社会背景、家学和伊洛之学、禅宗及孟子心性论思想等方面对其的影响展开研究。     

陆九渊和谐思想新探

"心即理"是陆九渊哲学中最重要的命题,也是陆九渊所追求的天人合一的最高境界。和谐思想贯穿于其在荆门军知军任上的实践中,主要表现为"损上益下"政策的实施。800多年来,陆九渊的和谐思想理论及其实践产生了深远的历史影响,对当前我国的和谐社会建设也具有现实的借鉴意义。     

朱熹与陆九渊哲学思想之比较

朱熹和陆九渊各自都分别建立了哲学思想体系。在哲学本体论上,以天理为本,这是朱陆双方的共同点。但是,朱熹以心外之理为最高本体,强调理是世界的本源。而陆九渊则认为天地万物之理在我心中,强调以心为本体,心即是宇宙本原。在哲学方法论上,陆九渊以尊德性为宗,即“先立乎其大者”为宗旨,提倡简易工夫。而朱熹却是尊德性与道问学二者兼顾,同时并进。朱熹为学主格物穷理,陆九渊重发明本心。朱陆方法论上的认识差异,是由于他们哲学本体论的不同所致。     

王阳明“心即理”命题内涵与意义考

从广义上来讲,王阳明"以心说理"的工夫仍然没有跳出理学的论域,但在具体的路径、内涵上他的"心即理"命题却有效地化解了程朱理学与陆九渊心学的内在矛盾,其心学成功地解决了儒家内圣与外王的紧张关系.本文拟从王阳明"心即理"命题的内涵入手,从内在逻辑上比较其与程朱理学以及与陆九渊心学的异同,并指出王阳明"心即理"命题的两重哲学意义.     

从宋明理学角度看中国传统法律思想

理学始于宋代,创始人为周敦颐、张载、二程,至南宋朱熹而集大成。理学提出"理"先于天地而存在,主张"即物而穷理"。后期有陆九渊的心学,提出"宇宙便是吾心"的命题。明代,王守仁进一步发展陆九渊的学说,认为"心外无物",主张"致良知"。宋明理学是中国古代社会后期有思想有见识的中国人在思考和解决现实社会问题与文化问题中所得出的哲学智慧,它深深地影响了中国古代社会后半期的社会发展和文明走势。作为思想史上的重要组成部分,理学对我国传统的法律思想也有着不可忽视的影响。     

“格物”即是“格心”吗?——陆九渊“格物论”与“本心论”的关系辨析

关于陆九渊心学中"格物论"与"本心论"之间的关系,流行的见解认为,与朱熹"格物"向外寻求"物理"的方式不同,陆九渊的"格物"乃是向内"格心","格物"实质上是"格心"。这种化"格物"为"格心"的流行诠释模式虽然易于凸显陆九渊心学与朱熹理学在"格物"问题上的区别,但却存在着不容忽视的困难和缺憾:它不仅可能破坏作为"格物"说思想源头的《大学》中"八条目"的内在融贯性,而且在陆九渊的言论中难以找到令人信服的文本学依据。陆九渊的"格物论"应该置于一种"为学之道内外贯通"的理路上来把握:"发明本心"是向内,是为学的根本;"格物"是向外,是对"本心"的涵养和扩充,是为学的必由之路。     

朱熹的另一个论敌——陈亮哲学与陆九渊的亲和性

作为朱熹论敌的陈亮之哲学,与同样以朱熹论敌而闻名的陆九渊之哲学进行相互连接与比较探讨。一直以来,关于二人的研究多以陆九渊主人心之内面,陈亮重外界之现象,视二人为立场完全相反的思想家。然笔者却以为陆九渊与陈亮皆有着试图缩小古代圣人与后世之人之间的距离,并模糊两者间的分界线,这一思想上之亲和性。最后,在与明末思想家李贽进行比较的基础上,指出陆九渊与陈亮并无后世王守仁及继承其思想的学者般十分显著的对欲望持肯定态度的见解。     

论陆九渊"心即理"的真实意蕴

“心即理”是理解陆九渊心学的最重要的哲学命题，陆九渊在宇宙本体和社会伦理的意义上，提出了“心即理”这一命题。“心即理”的真实意蕴在于心理合一，而且与朱熹“心与理一”论相比较，这种“心理合一“具有直接、简易、人人可为的特点。     

陆九渊办书院

陆九渊是南宋江西金溪人，是中国哲学天空中一颗和理学家朱熹互相辉映的明亮的星。同时陆九渊又是一位杰出的教育家，他的教育思想和办学实践充分表现了一代心学大师的思想风采和人格魅力。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.