A comparative study of how social cohesion is taught in Islamic religious education in Finland and Ireland

Abstract

Based on classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with teachers, parents and students, this comparative study looks at how social cohesion is promoted in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) lessons in Muslim schools in Ireland and non-faith schools in Finland. The study analyses teaching in the following areas: intra-religious cohesion; inter-religious cohesion and commitment to society. The findings reveal that despite differences in the governance of IRE as a subject taught in both types of schools, the IRE classroom emerges as a space, whereby teachers use power as agents for internal governance of religion. The authors conclude with some implications and offer some considerations for future research and practice.     

对课堂教学质量评估导向的思考——对学生是迎合还是引导

随着高校改革的进一步深入,我国的许多高校都相继开展了不同程度、不同形式的课堂教学质量评估。以学生为主体的课堂教学质量评估只能是学校教学建设的一个参考,学校应始终不移地坚持以教师为主体、对学生进行引导的发展策略。     

《民主主义与教育》对小学课堂教学的意义

《民主主义与教育》中的很多思想对当前的教学工作具有指导意义,促进教师对师生关系和课堂教学本质等方面进行理解,鼓励教师给学生提供兴趣支持,让学生在知识教育中得到成长的保障。主要分析它对当前小学教育所呈现的指导意义,思考教师如何在其思想指导下构建更高层面的小学课堂,让学生可以在接受知识教育的过程中又能实现健康成长。通过本研究,希望可以对该书中的教育思想和内涵进行正确解读,将其容入小学课堂,构建更高水准的课程教育。     

Effects of subject-area degree and classroom experience on new chemistry teachers’ subject matter knowledge

Science teachers need to understand the subject matter they teach. While subject matter knowledge (SMK) can improve with classroom teaching experience, it is problematic that many secondary science teachers leave the profession before garnering extensive classroom experience. Furthermore, many new science teachers are assigned to teach science subjects for which they do not hold a degree. This study investigates the SMK of new secondary science teachers assigned to teach chemistry in their first three years of teaching. These new teachers do not have the advantage of years of experience to develop their SMK and half hold a degree in biology rather than chemistry. This qualitative study explores the effects of holding a degree in the subject area one teaches as well as classroom teaching experience on teachers’ SMK for two chemistry topics, conservation of mass and chemical equilibrium. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews indicated that the SMK of teachers who had a chemistry degree and more extensive classroom experience was more coherent, chemistry-focused, and sophisticated than that of teachers who lacked this preparation and experience. This study provides evidence that new science teachers’ SMK is influenced by both holding a degree in the subject area and having classroom experience.     

教育现象学视野下的教师职业幸福

作为从事教育教学工作的专业人员,教师的职业幸福直接关系着教师的身心健康、教学质量的高低甚至整个教育事业的成败。教育现象学是一种朝向实事本身的方法,它关注生活实事、关注个体独特体验生成的人文精神与气质。在教育现象学视野下,教师要走向生成的、创造性的课堂生活;创建平等的、交往的师生关系;做一个充满生命智慧型教师;做一个反思型实践者。只有这样,教师才能在平凡的工作中获得职业幸福。     

The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Programs on Psychological Distress and Burnout in Kindergarten Teachers: A Pilot Study

Early Childhood Education Journal - Teachers’ psychological well-being is linked to their classroom teaching and student development outcomes. Kindergarten teachers are generally subject to...     

教学方法的选择:从主体需要维度的“另类”思考与实践启示

现实中,教学价值缺失和意义贫困的种种表现,根源于教师课堂教学方法选择上对主体需要的漠视和遗忘以及对主体需要满足和引导上的不足。基于教育具有个体需要满足的功能的命题,教学方法可以认为是尊重、引导、促进和增强教师和学生主体需要满意度的教与学的方式。因此,课堂教学中,教学方法的选择和选用应从师生主体需要的维度进行考虑。     

Teachers' self-esteem and self-efficacy

A web-based questionnaire was sent to all elementary and middle school teachers in Iceland. The population list, with e-mail addresses, was obtained from the teaching union. The teachers were asked to indicate their major, as well as their experience in teaching Icelandic as classroom teachers or subject teachers. They then rated their competence in teaching Icelandic on a scale from 1–10. Responses were received from 1033 elementary and middle school teachers. Of all teachers, 83.9% had taught Icelandic as classroom teachers and 37.3% had taught Icelandic as subject teachers. All teachers rated their competence as high. Statistically, Icelandic majors and older teachers were significantly more efficacious than others in teaching Icelandic. Those with the lowest competence ratings in teaching Icelandic were sports and home studies majors. However, teachers from all majors had taught Icelandic as classroom teachers, and a significant number of them had taught Icelandic as a subject.     

对提高高等教育教学质量的思考与实践

高等教育的核心是人才培养,质量是教育之本。要培养综合素质高的创新性应用型人才,提升教学质量,必须依赖一支高水平的教师队伍,同时加强优势和特色学科建设、促进专业发展以及深化教学改革。本文从中国地质大学（北京）地球物理与信息技术学院的发展和建设方面以求探索建设高水平教师队伍与应用型人才培养之间良性互动、协调发展的本科教学模式,不断提升教学质量。     

Kindergarten Teachers' Use of Developmentally Appropriate Practices and Attitudes About Authority

This study examined the relationship between kindergarten teachers' use of developmentally appropriate practices and their attitudes toward authority in the classroom. The study found an overall low use of developmentally appropriate practices. Instead, the classrooms exhibited academically oriented, skill-centered programs. However, kindergarten teachers who rated themselves higher in authority sharing as opposed to authority controlling were more likely to use developmentally appropriate teaching strategies as delineated by the National Association for the Education of Young Children. Aspects of the teachers' professional experience and education had little relationship to their attitudes about authority in the classroom. The positive relationship between an authority-sharing attitude and developmentally appropriate practices suggests that more importance be placed on developing teachers' and prospective teachers' attitudes about adult/child authority orientation than on simply prescribing overt teacher behavior.     

Swedish religious education at the end of the 1960s: classroom observations,early video ethnography and the national curriculum of 1962

The aim of this article is to present a unique corpus of film-recorded classroom observations of sixth-grade classes (age 12–13) in the Swedish cities of Gothenburg, Partille and Trollhättan in the late 1960s. The material documents how RE could be taught in Swedish schools in line with the curriculum of Lgr 62 which internationally was an early attempt to design an approach to religious education (RE) which responded to demands of pluralism and objectivity and before the name of the subject was changed from Christian Religious Education (CRE) (Kristendomskunskap) into RE (Religionskunskap). The aim is also to scrutinise how the documented teaching and classroom activities relate to the curriculum of the time. 52 film-recorded classes in CRE have been analysed. One result – not surprisingly, as the teachers knew that they were being filmed – is that the content of teaching follows the CRE syllabus. As Christianity occupies the bulk of teaching time, it can be questioned whether the subject meets the objectivity requirement. There were few references to the experience of the pupils and the surrounding society. The heated public debate about the subject is not observable in the classroom.     

基于智慧课堂环境的小学数学教师信息技术应用能力测评事理图谱研究

智能时代,信息技术应用能力成为中小学教师必备的专业技能。在此背景下,文章首先介绍了教师信息技术应用能力、智慧课堂环境下的教学行为、事理图谱的研究现状。接着,文章选取25节智慧课堂环境下的小学数学优秀课例为样本案例,并对小学数学信息化教学行为进行分类与编码。随后,文章对智慧课堂环境下小学数学活动与师生行为之间的关系、小学数学显著性行为进行了分析。最后,文章构建了小学数学教师信息技术应用能力测评事理图谱,并评价了观察联想、归纳猜想、表达、验证与证明等活动中的小学数学教师信息技术应用能力,发现当前小学数学教师能有效将信息技术与学科教学进行深度融合。文章从课堂教学行为分析的角度,挖掘行为背后隐含的教师信息技术应用能力水平,可为教师能力测评提供新的思路与方法,并为教师信息技术应用能力提升给予有效指导。     

Kindergarten Teachers' Use of Developmentally Appropriate Practices and Attitudes About Authority

This study examined the relationship between kindergarten teachers' use of developmentally appropriate practices and their attitudes toward authority in the classroom. The study found an overall low use of developmentally appropriate practices. Instead, the classrooms exhibited academically oriented, skill-centered programs. However, kindergarten teachers who rated themselves higher in authority sharing as opposed to authority controlling were more likely to use developmentally appropriate teaching strategies as delineated by the National Association for the Education of Young Children. Aspects of the teachers' professional experience and education had little relationship to their attitudes about authority in the classroom. The positive relationship between an authority-sharing attitude and developmentally appropriate practices suggests that more importance be placed on developing teachers' and prospective teachers' attitudes about adult/child authority orientation than on simply prescribing overt teacher behavior.     

Science teachers' views of professional development

Seventy-five science teachers from schools across Australia were interviewed in 1991 as part of the Science Education Professional Development Project (SEPD), a Department of Employment, Education and Training (DEET) funded Project of National Significance with a brief to develop a strategy to enhance the professional development of science teachers. At the time of interviewing there was considerable discussion about the implementation of a new classification, the Advanced Skilled Teacher. A major purpose of this Award Restructuring was to offer a career path for classroom teachers. In order to retain good science teachers and to encourage them to continue in the important role of classroom teaching it is crucial to understand and to meet their professional development needs. But what does it mean to develop and grow as a science teacher? What constitutes quality professional development? What do science teachers expect from professional development activities? This paper explores science teachers' expectations in relation to professional development and examines the implications for policy.     

Learning to Read and Learning to Teach Reading

The National Curriculum for Initial Teacher Education in English is specific and detailed about the knowledge expected of primary teachers. Shulman (1987) argued that teachers transform this sort of subject content knowledge into something accessible and meaningful to their pupils and this knowledge is described as ‘pedagogic content knowledge’. Medwell et al. (1998) found that effective literacy teachers only knew literacy in the way that they taught it. The research project underpinning this article aimed to explore student teachers' conceptions of the teaching of reading in order to find out what they thought they were teaching when they taught reading. It was thought that the personal reading histories of the students would impact on their developing conceptions of teaching reading. This article traces one student, Gordon, through the year of his PGCE course. In the form of dialogue between Gordon and the researcher developing understanding is articulated. Three different types of reading are described: decoding, making meaning and engaging. Reading is seen as a transformative process, where the reader is both within and outside the text. This has implications both for the conception of reading contained within the curriculum and the way it is implemented within the classroom. A teacher can only introduce children to experiences and ways of reading that are known to herself. It is argued, therefore, that student teachers need to extend the boundaries of their own reading and so appreciate the wide range of ways in which meaning is constructed and readers are created.     

互动教学法在高中英语课堂中的应用探析

英语是一门记忆与实践紧密结合的应用型学科,是一门以实际应用为主要目标的语言学科.互动教学法是一种侧重于教学过程、强调师生互动交流的教学方法.将互动教学法融入到高中英语课堂教学中,一方面可以引导学生系统地掌握英语基础知识和应用技能,另一方面可以有效地促进师生互动、生生互动,体现英语的语言应用属性,有效提升英语课堂教学质量...     

Briging it all back home: some implications of recent science and technology studies for the classroom science teacher

In this paper, we support the validity of drawing from science studies to reshape science education. While true educational reform must involve alternative curricular structures, we stress that we do not propose here either a comprehensive curricular framework or a report on a pilot classroom project, as our research perspective comes from science studies rather than from education. Instead this paper is intended to encourage educators to draw from methodologies used in science studies to further their goals in education research and in classroom teaching. First, we examine theoretical connections and divergences between science studies and theories of education. Secondly, we discuss the benefits of teaching science as a social process and offer some suggestions that can be introduced by classroom teachers into pre-existing science curricula.     

高校思政理论课课堂教学质量学生评价问卷编制

加强和改进高校思政理论课建设,需要对包括课堂教学在内的教学质量进行科学评价。学生是课堂教学质量评价的主体之一。在借鉴国外成熟的课堂教学学生评价量表SEEQ问卷基础上,本研究遵循大胆借鉴,为我所用、合理改造,凸显特征、充分验证,确保科学的基本原则,针对高校思政理论课的特点,对项目内容进行了调整,重新对问卷的因素进行分析并对因素顺序进行了适当调整,编制高校思政理论课教师课堂教学质量学生评价问卷(ISEEQ问卷)。选取安徽某高校13个专业1079名一年级学生作为被测,使用SPSS18.0软件对数据进行分析,对ISEEQ问卷进行可靠性评价,结果显示,问卷具有良好的的维度结构和信度效度。     

从游戏精神的视角看高职英语课堂活力的缺失

课堂活力是衡量教学有效性的表征之一。从游戏精神的视角看来,高职英语课堂活力的缺失就是师生在教学过程中缺失了游戏的基本精神——自由精神、体验精神、主体精神。高职英语课堂要焕发活力就应该在教学中充盈游戏精神。