古德莱德论学校教育改革

文章分析了美国教育家约翰·I.古德莱德有关学校教育改革的思想,介绍了古德莱德进行学校教育改革研究的背景,概述了古德莱德对美国“政治性”学校教育改革的剖析,阐释了美国历史上多次教育改革失败的原因,从全面的教育———学校教育的目标、与生活紧密相联的教育———教室与课堂、平等的教育———获取知识的机会、教师的角色与专业性———教师与教学环境等四个方面介绍了古德莱德对学校“语法法则”的诠释。     

Action research in the context of a school–university partnership: its value,problems, issues and benefits

The focus of the article is on action research in a school–university partnership, its problems, use and the value of the work from the viewpoint of a professor (university teacher-educator)[1] and two deans. The authors collaborate to first define a partnership. Secondly, they discuss the role and use of action research in the context of a partnership programme aimed at changing and improving kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) schooling and teacher education. Thirdly, they identify the problems, issues and benefits associated with such work. A ‘tool,’ consisting of 10 questions is presented by the collaborators for university faculty and administrators to use to chart their initiation and institutional participation in action research in a school–university partnership. Selected problems and issues focused on university faculty productivity, and a college or university's reward system for tenure and promotion are discussed, together with the benefits and the ultimate value of the work.     

我国现行教育科研资助体系的比较分析(下)

我国教育科研资助的管理机构、资助对象、资助重点、资助经费各不相同,纵横交错,形成了以面向整个教育战线的国家教育科学规划项目为主体、面向高校教师的高校人文社会科学研究的教育学和心理学项目为辅,教育内外、国内外、行政和社会组织相结合面向各自系统的多方参与的教育科研资助体系。研究者应充分了解教育科研体制及其变化,掌握各个资助机构的特点和要求,寻求适合自己研究领域的资助。     

Democratization of secondary education in Malaysia: attitudes towards schooling and educational aspirations

As a consequence of the democratization of secondary education in Malaysia beginning in the 1990s, many students who do not have academic credentials are allowed to progress to upper secondary education. This study examines the attitudes of these students towards two important aspects of schooling – namely, learning and examinations, as well as their educational aspirations – to assess the extent to which they have fulfilled the aims of the democratization of secondary education, among which is to produce more highly trained and well-educated manpower. A questionnaire survey and in-depth interviews were conducted in five sampled schools to explore the issues from various perspectives. The attitudes of the students towards learning and examinations as well as their levels of educational aspirations were generally found to be wanting regardless of their background. This study has revealed the internal contradiction of the democratization of secondary education in Malaysia. The democratization of secondary education within the ambit of a highly academic and examination-oriented education system has not served the needs of academically weak students. This study has also revealed the lack of alternative educational opportunities available to these students. The lack of resolve among teachers to handle these students and enough counsellors to guide them through the schooling process further complicate their problems.     

揭阳职业技术学院学生体质健康现状分析研究

采用测试法、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,对我院对5180名学生进行了学生体质健康测试,并对测试的结果进行了分析研究,提出树立学生强身健体意识,引导学生形成科学锻炼的良好习惯的建议,并为有关部门和学校体育教学提供理论参考。     

Benefits of collaborative action research for the beginning teacher

Beginning teachers are confronted with many issues as they begin their teaching careers, issues, such as classroom management, individual differences, behaviour problems, dealing with parents, and so on. Many beginning teachers take professional development seminars in an attempt to deal with these and other issues. Professional development seminars, however, may not address the specific issues faced by beginning teachers but rather focus on approaches that are more global. In this paper, we argue that the best approach to professional development is through a collaborative action research model. By extending the partnerships established between student teachers, mentor teachers and university supervisors during student teaching into the beginning teachers' career, many of the everyday problems can be confronted within a supportive network. Several recommendations are offered for beginning and maintaining productive CAR relationships.     

我国现行教育科研资助体系的比较分析(上)

我国教育科研资助的管理机构、资助对象、资助重点、资助经费各不相同,纵横交错,形成了以面向整个教育战线的国家教育科学规划项目为主体、面向高校教师的高校人文社会科学研究的教育学和心理学项目为辅,教育内外、国内外、行政和社会组织相结合面向各自系统的多方参与的教育科研资助体系。研究者应充分了解教育科研体制及其变化,掌握各个资助机构的特点和要求,寻求适合自己研究领域的资助。     

Playing it up,playing it down,playing it safe: Queering teacher education

The impact of homophobia and heterosexism on the e/quality of schooling experiences for many students and teachers in Australia places a responsibility on teacher education institutions to incorporate anti-homophobia and anti-heterosexist education in their courses. This discussion, based on research undertaken in universities across New South Wales, Australia, explores pre-service teacher educators’ perceptions of the importance and relevance of including anti-homophobia and anti-heterosexist education in teacher education courses. It examines how the application or avoidance of addressing these issues is a result of their positioning in discourses of personal investment and social justice, as well as their articulation in curriculum.     

改革开放以来昆明地区小学教师的培养与思考

章简要地总结了改革开放以来昆明地区小学教师的需求变化，以及小学教师学历教育和在职培训的发展。指出了小学教师培养与培训工作的发展方向，提出了若干对2l世纪昆明地区以及其它西部不发达地区小学教师学历培养的思考和建议，着重提出了小学教师具有专科学历同样仅仅是不发达地区的一种过渡，而本科及更高学历才是2l世纪小学教师的学历培养目标。章也同时强调了这一类不发达地区小学在职教师培训工作的任务和要求。     

‘If it weren’t for my mum…’: the influence of Australian Indigenous mothers on their children’s aspirations to teach

This article draws upon data from semi‐structured interviews with Australian Indigenous teachers to explore the role their mothers played in shaping their decisions to become teachers. The findings suggest that their mothers’ emotional involvement and investment in their sons’ and daughters’ education generated significant reserves of emotional capital upon which the teachers drew. Such capital, expressed by their mothers in a variety of ways, including encouragement, coercion and anger, motivated and inspired them to complete their schooling, to consider teaching as a profession and to take out teaching degrees, often in the face of enormous challenges and barriers. They understood teaching as presenting opportunities for their own upward class mobility as well as the chance for them to bring about social change for Indigenous people in general. I conclude by arguing the need to reconsider the dominant discourses in Australia around the aspirations of Indigenous mothers in regards to their children’s education and I also raise issues for further consideration and research.     

科研型数学教师及其培养

国际经济、科技、人才的竞争正推动着教育的改革。教育改革的关键因素在于合格的、新型教师的培养。科研型教师是指既能教学，又能进行数学及数学教育研究的教师。科研型教师应具备3项条件：转变观念，更新意识，提高能力。科研型数学教师是新时代数学教育的需要，要实行理论学习、实践探索和科学研究三位一体的教师培训途径。教养科研型教师需要解决“为何搞科研”、“如何搞科研”和“研究什么”3个问题。     

Linking theory and practice: teacher research in history and geography classrooms

The impact of scholarly research in education on the educational practice in secondary school is low. Academics examine problems that teachers in school perceive as irrelevant, want to publish in peer-reviewed journals instead of disseminate their work, and aim at generalizing insights rather than improving school practice. Teacher research might be a way to link educational academic research and teaching practice aiming at furthering professionalism in teaching, improving teaching practice and extending the knowledge base on teaching and learning. Four experienced secondary school teachers systematically investigated their classes, guided by a supervisor. Their materials as well as formal and informal communication with their supervisor and with each other were analysed. Related to their research projects, these teachers reported significant changes in their understanding of student learning and their teaching. They took different perspectives on teaching, looked at alternative solutions for problems, and reflected more deeply on their own teaching as well as teaching of their colleagues. Although each of them published an article in a peer-reviewed journal, they reported difficulties with extending the knowledge base on teaching and learning. Not only did they rarely share results with their colleagues in school because they were perceived as external researchers, they also struggled with writing journal articles and coping with peer reviews. We discuss the value of situated generalization as one of the implications and discuss how teacher research could lead to a new in-between research practice, linking theory and practice, and researchers and teachers.     

体育教育专业实习问题的研究与探索

通过对师范学院近几年体育教育专业的实习生、实习所在学校的指导教师、学院指定的实习辅导教师,以及学生就业上岗情况与就业后的工作感受等几方面的反馈进行了综合性的比较分析研究,提出了有针对性的切实可行的建议,对师范院校完善教育实习制度和提高教育教学质量具有一定的借鉴作用。     

Student teachers’ patterns of reflection in the context of teaching practice

This study clarifies the basic structure of student teachers’ reflective thinking. It presents a constructivist account of teacher knowledge through a detailed analysis of various patterns of reflection in student teacher portfolios. We aim to gain a greater understanding of the process and outcomes of portfolio writing in the context of teaching practice. By closely analysing portfolio texts, we defined six main starting points for reflective episodes and several patterns under each of them. Also, the patterns of reflective episodes were analysed according to their deductive and inductive dimensions, together with their static and dynamic features. According to our results, it is possible that student teachers can reflect beyond solely practical issues on teaching, articulate multiple concerns about practice and elaborate them in an integrative manner as well as learn both from theory and from practice as a result of reflection for their future profession.     

淮,宿,连初中政治教师状况调查及建议

地方教育主管部门应高度重视政治课在教书育人中的核心地位,努力建立一支高素质的政治教师队伍,创造条件提高其学历,营造科研氛围,以科研促教,以科研促学。     

Distance teaching in small rural primary schools: a participatory action research project

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study is to identify and examine the distance teaching practices of four teachers in three small, rural primary schools in Finland – small in the sense that the schools consists of between 20–50 pupils and between 3–12 teachers. The schools have experienced a decline in pupil numbers, thus, they are not able to employ teachers full-time. The participating teachers imagined distance education as one solution to extend the classroom and faculty. Practice architectures is used as a theoretical and analytical framework to answer the question ‘What cultural, material, and social discourses constitute the development of the practice around distance education in small, rural primary schools?’ The data consists of interviews with and video blogs by the teachers recorded during 2016–2017. The implications are that cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social-political arrangements surrounding distance education are intertwined in small schools. Architectural arrangements enabled flexible solutions when developing distance education. The same arrangements proved to be material and cultural constraints as the teachers had many responsibilities in their everyday practice and support from the faculty was sometimes lacking. The teachers felt constrained by the technology and communicating with pupils at a distance meant they had to develop new teaching strategies.     

特殊教育学校教育科研工作的误区及对策

特殊教育学校的教育科研工作越来越受到关注,目前面临的主要问题是普及问题。特教学校一线教师参与教育科研面临实际困难,认识上和操作上存在误区。特殊教育学校教育科研工作的重要作用在于更有效地解决实际问题,调动教师工作积极性,提高教师专业能力。普及特教学校教育科研工作的策略是:转变教育观念,掌握科研方法,重视过程管理。     

从学生评教看如何建立与发展和谐的高职师生关系

师生关系是学生在社会化过程中经历的一种非常重要的社会关系,是做好教育工作的前提条件。良好的师生关系有助于提高教育教学效果,有助于学生的健康成长。新型和谐的师生关系应该是民主、平等、合作的,建立和发展这种师生关系的关键在教师。为此,教师不仅应当热爱学生,努力上好每一堂课,而且还要不断提高自己,并协调好学生与学生之间的互助友爱关系。     

Pre-service teachers undertaking classroom research: developing reflection and enquiry skills

This paper reports on the development of reflectiveness and research skills in eight pre-service teachers, through their participation in a funded research project to develop the handwriting of children with literacy problems. The project aimed to analyse the reflections of the trainee teachers participating in an authentic research study and to consider what this reflection on practice might offer to the education of teachers in the current UK training context. The context for the paper was a project which engaged pre-service trainee teachers in researching the proposition that automaticity in handwriting plays a role in facilitating composing processes and that the automaticity of early writers can be trained. Some outcomes of the project for pupils are reported. The focus in the present paper is, however, on the participating trainee teachers and the paper suggests that conducting research was a significant learning event for these pre-service teachers and that, through working together, they were able to analyse their development as researchers and their learning during the research process. At a time when the English government views teacher training as a method of school improvement and the effectiveness of training is measured through its immediate impact on pupil outcomes, this study offers an example of how shared research can offer positive learning outcomes for pupils, develop the reflective thinking of pre-service teachers through researching a real problem, and develop links across a range of school and university settings.