我国教育公正研究30年:进展与思考

教育公正是广受学界关注的一个教育问题。30年来,我国教育公正的研究经历了缓慢起步、迅速发展和深化稳定三个阶段,在教育公正的理论、教育公正的现实和教育公正的比较等方面取得了不少有价值的研究成果。未来我国教育公正的研究,在目标上需要摆脱对西方理论路径的依赖,创生和发展本土教育公正理论;在内容上需要关注教育的内部公正问题,注重人的发展公正的研究;在方法上要加强实证研究,使教育公正的研究范式走向多元化,以提高研究的实效。     

研究性教育实践课程的构建——基于《教师教育课程标准(试行)》的思考

教育部最新颁布的《教师教育课程标准(试行)》中明确提出了教师教育课程"实践取向"的基本理念和"具有研究教育实践的经历与体验"的课程目标,充分强调了教育实践课程的"实践性"和"研究性"。我们认为,构建研究性教育实践课程,培养未来教师的研究性教育实践素质,应是实施《教师教育课程标准(试行)》的一项重要举措。本文对"研究性教育实践素质"的含义和特征作出了界定,并从关注成长的课程核心目标、全程全景的课程结构模式、情境反思的课程实施策略等方面,对师范院校构建研究性教育实践课程进行了理性的思考,提出了实践操作策略的建议。     

How epistemic reflexivity enables teacher educators’ teaching for diversity: Exploring a pedagogical framework for critical thinking

Recent research points to the importance of teacher educators teaching for diversity in initial teacher education programmes. Teaching for diversity is an approach to teacher education in which an understanding of specialist literature and a focus on critical thinking supports a social justice agenda as opposed to merely using different tips and tricks to prepare future teachers for teaching diverse learners in the classroom. In this study, we explored how Australian and New Zealand teacher educators negotiated a social justice agenda in teacher education programmes, using a new transdisciplinary framework of epistemic reflexivity. The Epistemic Reflexivity for Teacher Education (ER-TED) framework draws on epistemic cognition (Clark Chinn’s Aims, Ideals, Reliable epistemic processes – AIR – framework) and Margaret Archer’s reflexivity to explore knowledge claims in teacher educators’ pedagogical decision-making. The findings identified how teacher educators in our study discerned and deliberated with respect to epistemic aims for justification, which involve transformative critical thinking and critical thinking for self. They reported good knowledge (ideals) as being scholarly in nature, and reliable epistemic processes based on higher-order thinking (analysis and evaluating competing ideas) or engaging with multiple perspectives. The teacher educators in our study are clear examples of how strong overall evaluative epistemic stances enable teaching for social justice. We argue that the ER-TED framework can help us as a profession to address teaching for diversity in teacher education programmes based on the belief that the pursuit of social justice requires an evaluativist epistemic stance.     

德国中小学教师职业准备教育及其新发展

德国中小学教师职业准备教育包括理论知识学习为主的修业阶段和实践能力培养为主的实习阶段。德国中小学教师职业准备教育能够顺利且有效开展,得益于其完备有效的支持系统。为弥补原教师职业准备教育制度设计的不足,德国教师教育界推行了一些新举措。     

教育实践反思的策略分析与路径探索

教育实践是教师教育课程的重要组成部分,教育实践反思是提高教育实践质量、实现教师培养目标的关键环节。厘清“反思”和“教育实践反思”的概念和意义,旨在使反思成为教育者的习惯和自觉,成为教育者的核心素养,成为教育的文化。分析和研究教育实践反思的策略,就是要在教育理论和教育实践之间架起一座桥梁,指导教育实践反思,解决教育实践反思中出现的问题,处理好“成事”与“成人”、“做人”与“为师”的关系以及“反思行为”与“反思意识”的关系,最终实现培养合格教师的任务和目标。教育实践反思的策略明确之后,在具体实施的过程中必须根据具体情况进行相应的调整,须将反思策略的指导性与反思路径与方法的灵活性结合起来,这样,反思才能真正实现其价值和目的。     

Teacher education policy in Ireland and the challenges of the twenty‐first century

In line with the principles of the Bologna Process, teacher education systems across Europe are converging along a common path. Taking the Republic of Ireland (Ireland) as a case study, this paper examines the European agenda in relation to teacher education and asks how individual nation states are coping with the demands of greater comparability and compatibility. It suggests that while structurally, teacher education in Ireland has undergone significant reform in order to conform to a wider European agenda, significant gaps remain in existing teacher education policy particularly in relation to continuous professional development which will, if not addressed, impede Ireland’s capacity to adequately prepare teachers for the challenges of the twentieth‐first century.     

Didactics and professional practice in preservice teacher education: A comparison of the situations in France and Québec

The authors analyze the role and function of didactics in preservice teacher education as presented in official texts from the ministries of education of Québec and France. They identify the conceptions these texts convey about the ties between didactics and professional education and demonstrate the vulnerable and limited position of didactics in teacher education. In concluding, adopting a comparative approach, they highlight several convergent features of the two systems of teacher education as well as marked differences relating to training in didactics.     

从教育实践意蕴的转型看教师教育课程的改革

受理智取向培养思路的影响,人们往往对教师职前教育阶段的教育实践仅仅作＂技术层面＂的认识。但是,随着对教师实践性知识的＂发现＂,人们对教育实践意蕴的理解也发生了从＂技术性实践＂到＂反思性实践＂的深刻转型。我们应该坚持教育实践的核心价值地位,以反思性实践能力培养为主线推动教师教育课程的改革,建立＂实践取向＂的理论教学模式,整合专业技能与教育理论学习,努力实现见、实习活动的课程化,提升教育实践课程的＂反思性＂品质,培养适应教育职场需要的专业化教师。     

Social Work Practice and the Propietary Movement

ABSTRACT

Changes in funding patterns and privatization of health and human services within government are prompting new forms of management and organizational structures creating challenges for service delivery and the education of social work managers. The profession's ability to provide leadership and respond to such rapidly changing environmental trends is grounded in the capability of field education to bridge the university and practice communities and provide flexible, innovative combinations of service programming and research partnerships. This article provides a framework for the development and operation of a unique type of field demonstration project. The article focuses on the methodology used to develop and operate the field projects in order to encourage replication among other schools of social work.     

高师本科小学教育专业实践教学探索

小学教育专业实践教学包括教学技能训练、教材教法研究、模拟教学、教育见习、教育实习等内容.为了巩固小学教育专业学生的专业思想,强化理论与实践的结合,我们在学生实践能力的培养方面进行了有益的探索,初步形成了一个有别于传统师范并更具特色的实践教学模式.     

新建地方本科院校教育实践适应农村基础教育探究

在新建地方本科院校中,教师教育有被边缘化和去师范化的倾向,教育实践课程存在重视不够、时间缺失,内涵窄化、内容单一,教育实习管理松散、与农村中小学实际相脱节等问题。为此,新建地方本科院校要对教育实践课程体系、实践教学环节、教育见习、实习管理等方面进行改革,促进教育实践适应农村基础教育,提高教育实践质量。     

正确对待差异,促进教育公平

教育公平是社会公平理念在教育领域的延伸。它既涉及到经济发展、国家政策等宏观层面,又涉及到学校条件、学生个性等微观层面。我们既要尽我们所能坚持不懈地追求这人类社会的美好理想,又不能脱离我国的具体国情去抽象地谈论它。“公平”不等于绝对的均等,正确对待差异才是促进教育公平的正确途径。     

实习支教:高师院校“有为有位”的现实选择——河北师范大学开展师范生实习支教工作的实践探索

河北师范大学自2005年开展的师范生实习支教工程实现了高师院校、师范生、农村基础教育与在职教师专业发展的多方共赢。实习支教强化了师范生培养的实践环节,直接服务了农村基础教育,催生了教师教育新模式,是高师院校"有为有位"的现实选择。     

培养文化敏感型教师:多元文化教师教育的议题与挑战——美国哥伦比亚大学师范学院A.Lin.Goodwin教授访谈

学校中儿童的日益多样化,使得教师教育必须帮助新教师理解如何与各种文化背景的学生打交道。教师不能想当然地假设每一个孩子都有相似的经历和体验,而要对学生的差异性保持清醒的意识和文化的敏感。多元文化教育更大的使命,是要确保教育实践的公平性,履行教育助推社会公正的使命。因此,为社会公正培养"文化敏感型教师",成为多元文化教育的核心议题。文化敏感型教师尽最大努力确保所有学生学业成功,帮助学生发展批判和质疑精神,培养学生改变社会的意识和能力。文化敏感型教师的概念使我们超越了对多元文化教师教育的肤浅定义,将多元文化教师教育指向这样的方向:教育是具有政治意义的活动,是每一个孩子都应该获得的权利。多元文化教师教育并非是让学生了解某个或某些少数民族那么简单,而是要培养师范生对个体差异性进行持续探究的能力。