从性别政治到生态政治:西方女权主义艺术的进路

西方现女权主义艺术的最大价值和终极价值,在于它终于觉察到女权中心主义的潜在威胁;在于她仅仅期望在自己的文化中自由的言说、自由地阐释、自由地建构自己和形成自己,最后以最自然地方式实现向社会,包含男人的社会的融合;在于她大度地超越性别、种族、种类、国家,追求人与自然、社会高度和谐一致的生态智慧。如果我们估价女权主义时,过多地依赖男性世界对女权主义本身的反应,反而忽视女性对自身命运和遭际的觉知和觉醒的范围和程度,忽视女性对自身的重新塑造和定位的渴求的强度,忽视女性把自身和宇宙进行协调统一的考量的博大胸襟,其结果只能造成对女权主义理解的迷障。     

大学社会批判:知识、政治与道德

大学知识的高深性、专门性、公共性与游移性,是大学社会批判的可能性前提。大学社会批判不可避免地遭遇知识的真理性、纯洁性与知识的现实性、实践性的矛盾,只有坚持从学术立场、良知和正义优先原则出发,才能保证大学社会批判的道德要求。     

中美政府国防白皮书与国家身份的构建

国防白皮书是构建国家身份、对外宣传的一条重要渠道和语篇形式,是一国国家政策的重要组成部分。选取2004年至2008年间中国和美国发布的国防白皮书为语料,采用定性和定量相结合的话语分析方法,对中美国防白皮书在选词、分类和情态以及语篇结构等方面进行比较分析,重点考察中美国防白皮书是如何构建各自的国家身份及其蕴含的社会文化价值观,可以发现在国防白皮书中,中国努力构建热爱和平、促进共同发展的国家形象和身份,美国则将自己塑造成一个具有全球战略利益的霸权国家。     

How international scholarship recipients perceive their contributions to the development of their home countries: Findings from a comparative study of Georgia and Moldova

International scholarships support higher education abroad, often with the expectation that recipients will ultimately “give back” to their home countries. Little is known about how scholarship alumni from low- and middle-income countries view their contributions and whether activities differ between countries. By comparing Georgia and Moldova, this research indicates that employment is the central way that alumni perceive that they “give back,” with government positions deemed most influential. In Georgia, alumni assumed federal posts, whereas in Moldova, alumni sought positions in international organizations and businesses, resulting in differing contributions to national development. Findings aim to inform sponsored student mobility programs promoting socioeconomic development in participants’ countries.     

顺应时代潮流大力推进思想政治教育进网络

网络是思想政治工作的新阵地。网络作为新的传播媒介 ,是一柄“双刃剑”,为思想政治工作既带来了新的机遇 ,也带来了必须加以认真研究的课题。在网络世界 ,思想政治教育工作大有可为。我们要充分重视和研究网络传播的特殊性 ,采取切实有效的措施 ,推进思想政治教育进网络。     

借助社会交换网络分析法探析思想政治教育模式

借助社会交换网络分析法,对不同维度研究的思想政治教育模式类型化,并且抽象概括出"理想类型",在此基础上,通过挖掘思想政治教育模式构建的理论内涵,总结不同模式特性,进而从理论内涵导向实践层面。     

From Pentecostalism to politics: mass literacy and community development in late colonial Northern Ghana

This article takes as its starting point a strike among African trainee literacy workers in the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast (now Ghana) in 1952. While the existing literature tends to concentrate on the tensions and contradictions in British colonial education policy, this article uses the strike to investigate how these agendas were experienced by, and engendered opposition from, literacy workers on the ground. It argues that, in their efforts to link mass literacy to community development, and to secure legitimacy for their campaigns, colonial officials depended heavily upon the authority of chiefs. This strategy backfired because it ignored both shorterterm instances of chiefly venality, and the longer history of colonial taxation and labour demands which had been enforced on Northern peoples through chiefs. The African trainees went on strike because they were astute in recognising how different forms of educational provision fitted into the re‐ordering of local, regional and national power relations as the Gold Coast approached Independence.     

结构—行动:流动农民的社会网络分析

近年来,“流动农民”已成为学术界研究的热点,面对主流的个体主义方法所持的地位结构视角的缺陷,本文试图从社会结构与行动的视角出发,借靠社会网络理论来分析流动农民外出就业的途径选择及流动农民作为“城里的乡下人”的社会支持网络结构。     

学习分析:大学教学信息化研究与实践的新领域

随着大学教学信息化进程的不断深化与发展,如何测量、挖掘、分析与利用在学习平台中积累的大量数据,以更好地支持教学与学习,进而改善和提升教与学的质量与效能,已成为摆在大学教学信息化研究者与实践者面前的现实课题。学习分析的兴起则为解决这一难题,提供了一系列的方法、工具和手段。文章将基于国内外学者的已有研究,通过对学习分析的发展脉络的梳理,对学习分析的内涵、过程、工具和方法作较为深入的解读,并尝试从推动大学教学创新的视角,阐释学习分析对促进大学教学信息化深入发展的重要价值和深远影响。     

Researching social capital in education: some conceptual considerations relating to the contribution of network analysis

This article discusses conceptual considerations for social capital research in education from a social network perspective. Specifically, the article raises three key conceptual issues that call for further elaboration of concepts of social capital: redefining potential resources as accessible but un‐utilized sources of social capital; differentiating social capital itself from the process of social capital formation; and investigating both network orientation of resource‐seekers and willingness of resource‐givers. Based on these three conceptual issues, the article suggests conceptual considerations relevant to each issue for social capital research in education.     

人文社会科学研究中高频字词计量分析法的有效性--以中共党代会政治报告为例

我们可以通过对构成文献的汉字、词语和词组进行分析来理解人类的思想和行为。相比于平均的使用频度,如果找出在特定时期频繁出现的特定的汉字,就可以搜寻到包含此汉字的词汇,并将其作为特定的关键词。在统计计算之际,应该注意的是为了比较而建立一个共同的平台,有必要对数据进行平均化的处理。通观高频度词语的变化,就可以把握政策变动的大体情况。了解复合词语的使用状况就可以理解更为具体的变化的实态。     

从数字学习环境到智慧学习环境——学习环境的变革与趋势

学习环境的构建是实现学与教方式变革的基础。本文首先从社会信息化对学习环境变革的诉求出发,提出了智慧学习环境的概念,并指出智慧学习环境是数字学习环境的高端形态,其目的是促进学习者轻松的、投入的和有效的学习;然后,分析了普通学习环境与智慧学习环境在学习资源、学习工具、学习社群、教学社群、学习方式、教学方式等六个方面的明显差异,提出了智慧学习环境的系统模型和TRACE3功能模型;其次,从人工智能、传感器技术和通信技术三个方面综述了当今技术发展对智慧学习环境建设的支持;最后,描述了五种典型智慧学习环境应具备的特征。     

他为学子鼓与呼--论报告文学作家的社会责任感与使命感

范香果的《最后的堡垒——21世纪中国教育最新报告》，披露了贫困学生因高昂的学费上不起学而酿成悲剧，并理性地思考分析了造成悲剧的社会根源。本文以此为例，指出了在现代传媒高度发达的今天，报告文学的新闻性有所弱化，报告文学的政论性尤显重要；在社会转型时期，我们不仅需要讴歌真善美的赞美报告文学，更需要抨击假丑恶的呐喊报告文学，以扬利去弊，推动社会进步；要发挥报告文学政论性的这一优势，这就要求报告文学作家具有强烈的社会责任感和使命感，深入社会与生活，善于发现揭露社会弊端．并从思想家和政论家的高度进行理性的思考。     

从人力、畜力到水力、风力：欧洲中世纪磨坊的发展历程

在中世纪漫长的一千年中,整个欧洲社会生产力发展极其缓慢,但是磨坊的使用和不断改进对提高社会生产力水平和改善人们的生活均起到了积极的作用。12世纪开始磨坊在欧洲遍地开花,磨坊的技术也在不断地革新,从而拓宽了磨坊的应用范围——从传统的农业生产到工业生产,同时磨坊的投资规模不断扩大、投资渠道也日趋多样化。中世纪后期,在货币经济的冲击下,磨坊的经营方式也在发生着变化,预示着欧洲一个新的历史发展阶段的到来。     

从激进到改良——从小说《屠场》看美国政治稳定与舆论开放的兼容性及其根源

舆论开放与政治稳定之间存在一定的矛盾。但在像美国这样成熟的民主社会中,存在一种内在的稳定机制,能够为舆论功能的发挥设定界限,避免产生政治动荡。小说《屠场》的本意在于宣扬社会主义的激进思想,但结果却推动了美国食品卫生立法的出台。这种从激进目标向改良实践的后退说明,在适当的社会结构与制度框架下,舆论开放和政治稳定是可以兼顾的。     

Power,politics, democracy and reform: a historical review of curriculum reform,academia and government in British Columbia,Canada, 1920 to 2000

This paper explores the interrelations between power, politics, academia and curriculum reform in British Columbia (BC) using social studies curriculum documents as a case study. It describes how curriculum reform occurred and argues that reform was undemocratic as it was largely the product of individuals with power who invited individuals with educational ideologies that were attractive to them to aid them in the revisions. These educational ideologies came from the USA, illustrating the influence of US ideas overseas. The non-democratic nature of the curriculum reform process may partly explain why teachers often resisted the revisions, and why government officials attempted to appear more democratic by increasing teacher participation in the curriculum revision process later in the century. However, curriculum revision remained undemocratic. The paper comments on whether the curriculum revision process in a democracy ought to be democratic or not.     

从济贫法到福利国家——论英国社会立法的进程及其作用与影响

作为近代资产阶级民主,法治的发祥地,英国的社会立法亦走在世界前列,其渊源可以一直追溯到英国中世纪的济贫法,英国的社会立法经历了一个漫长,曲折的过程,其间虽出现过反复甚至倒退,但最终朝着正确的方向发展,逐渐趋于成熟和稳定,为英国“福利国家”的建成奠定了坚实的基础,并为其他国家在社会立法方面提供了一个效仿的样板,想念对于正致力于建立社会福利保障制度的我国也不乏借鉴意义。     

从认识论到知识学——哈贝马斯对实证主义认识论及其科学观的批判

哈贝马斯认为,自近代以来认识论的发展是实证主义的知识学取代认识论。认识论从事于认识的批判,解答认识可能性问题,而实证主义知识学则局限于经验科学的方法论,将知识与科学等同起来,取消了认识的主体在认识中的地位和作用,从而陷入了唯科学主义和虚假的客观主义。哈贝马斯从认识对自身的反思入手,揭示了认识与兴趣的关系,批判了实证主义的认识论及其科学观,为奠定社会批判理论的认识论基础扫清了道路。     

Questioning to learn and learning to question: Structure and function of problem-based learning scenarios in environmental science education

In problem-based learning, scenarios relating to real life areused as a point of departure for the learning process. Eventhough the importance of suitable cases or scenarios in bringingabout a fruitful learning process is emphasised in theliterature, few studies focus on how they actually function inthe learning process. This study focuses on how the scenariosused in a ten-week introductory course of a new four-yearundergraduate programme in environmental science functioned interms of the structure and content of the questions they evoked.Data were gathered through diary notes from nine groups ofstudents, comprising 5–8 students per group. The data weresubjected to a qualitative analysis aimed at describing thestructure and content of the questions generated by the groups.Five different kinds of questions were identified and labelled;encyclopaedic, meaning-oriented, relational,value-oriented and solution-oriented. All scenarios generated questions pertaining to all five categories in all groups, butthe emphasis varied. The results are discussed in relation to thedesign of scenarios, and in relation to students' approaches tolearning.     

从有限渗入到广泛传播——清末民初中小学教科书的民主政治启蒙意义

教科书不但是知识传播的工具,还是思想启蒙的利器.伴随着新式教育发展,从教会学校、洋务学堂教科书中最早出现民主政治零星思想开始,清末民初教科书通过对现代政法制度的宣扬、对公民自治活动的引导和对社会公益事业的提倡等维度呈现了民主政治的核心价值理念,构建了较为完整的民主政治话语体系,展现了理想化的民主政治图景,并具有那个年代特有的民主政治启蒙特点.正是通过小小教科书的大大启蒙,青年学生成为近代民主化力源并把握方向的新兴社会群体,而且教科书以其巨大的社会辐射力,使民主政治由少数知识精英群体关注而成为浸润到社会各阶层民众的普遍思想,冲击和改变着人们的既有观念,塑造着国民新的世界观与价值取向,为辛亥革命的成功和五四运动将民主作为基本价值加以崇尚做出了基础性铺垫.