Student Mobility in Multilevel Growth Modeling: A Multiple Membership Piecewise Growth Model

This study proposes a new model, termed the multiple membership piecewise growth model (MM-PGM), to handle individual mobility across clusters frequently encountered in longitudinal studies, especially in educational research wherein some students could attend multiple schools during the course of the study. A real data set containing some students who switched elementary schools was used to demonstrate and explain the MM-PGM. Parameter and model fit differences were compared between the MM-PGM and two other techniques for handling student mobility: the first school-PGM, which only used school membership at the first measurement occasion, and the delete-PGM, which removed mobile students from the analysis. Results indicated that the three approaches of handling mobile students led to different conclusions about the impact of school-level predictors of growth parameters and the school-level variability in the growth rates. Furthermore, deleting mobile students altered the impact of student-level predictors compared to the other two approaches.     

基于Matlab的学生成绩综合分析

以教育统计与测量理论为基础,根据学生考试原始成绩,应用MATLAB工具按照κ检验的方法验证本次考试成绩服从正态分布,应用χ2检验法对其进行定量分析,证明了本次考试低分人数偏多的主要原因是试题难度偏大,指导命题教师在以后的同类考试中,应适当降低难度.     

初中生成就目标的发展特点研究

本研究对初中生成就目标的发展避行了探讨，结畏表明．初中生成就目标存在性别差异．女生的掌握目标高于男生．男生的成绩-接近目标和成绩-回避目标高于女生；掌握目标和成绩-回避目标存在年级差异；成绩-回避目标存在城乡差异；掌握目标为初中生的主导目标。     

A Comparison of Two Methods of Learning

ABSTRACT

This is an impact evaluation of the Technical Support to Failing Schools Program, a Chilean compensatory program that provided 4-year in-school technical assistance to low-performing schools to improve students’ academic achievement. The author implemented a quasi-experimental design by using difference-in-differences estimation combined with propensity scores matching procedures to estimate treatment effects. The main findings were the following: (a) the program had positive effects on fourth-grade students’ achievement in both language and mathematics; (b) program effect size was 0.23 standard deviations, and not sensitive to control for covariates; (c) there were larger effects for students in the middle part of the students’ test-score distribution; (d) after the intervention had ceased, the program impact declined rapidly; and (e) the program reduced grade retention by 1.5 percentage points.     

共同推动美国和中国残疾儿童的学业成就:适应和顺应的方法

本文作者发现,当今全世界的教师、教育管理者、及教师培训者都面临的一个挑战,就是要保证教育者能为学习困难学生提供能使他们达到国家为各州提出的学业标准而精心准备的教育服务。本文通过对两国特教教师培训现状的研究,提出了独特的五域教学法即在教学环境、教材选用、课堂演示、学生反应和知识评估这五个领域中运用适应、调整和顺应这三种步骤来满足特殊需要学生不同的学业要求,以使他们能达到国家或各州规定的学业要求。     

大学生成就动机、一般自我效能感与生命愿景的关系研究

以成就动机量表、一般自我效能感量表和生命愿景量表就大学生成就动机、一般自我效能感和生命愿景的关系进行问卷调查,并以SPSS17．0软件进行统计分析。研究结果表明：大学生成就动机、一般自我效能感和生命愿景在年级、任职情况人口学变量上差异显著;大学生成就动机、一般自我效能感和生命愿景显著相关;大学生成就动机、一般自我效能感能够有效地预测生命愿景,且一般自我效能感在成就动机与生命愿景关系中起部分中介作用。     

A Technique for the Construction of a Teacher-Training Curriculum

ABSTRACT

Historically, students who fail to graduate from secondary school are considered as a single category of school dropouts. However, emerging literature indicates that there may be multiple subgroups of high school dropouts, termed a dropout typology. The authors’ purpose was to assess the extent to which a typology of dropouts was present in a large national dataset and to estimate the influence of the known covariates of dropping out on each of the subgroups. A growth mixture model was estimated using the Education Longitudinal Study 2002 (National Center for Education Statistics, n.d.) dataset and noncumulative grade point average during the first 3 semesters of high school. The model identified 2 main subgroups associated with dropping out, which accounted for 24.6% of the sample but contained 91.8% of the dropouts.     

教师绩效评估中的问题分析与对策研究

绩效评估是企事业单位中经常进行的活动,将绩效评估引入教师评价自然有其优点及必要性,但由于教师工作的特殊性与复杂性,教师的绩效评估也同时存在不少问题,本文结合企业中的绩效评估对教师绩效评估问题进行总结和剖析,提出了改进与完善的措施。     

Enhancing Secondary School Instruction and Student Achievement: Replication and Extension of the My Teaching Partner-Secondary Intervention

Abstract

My Teaching Partner-Secondary (MTP-S) is a web-mediated coaching intervention, which an initial randomized trial, primarily in middle schools, found to improve teacher–student interactions and student achievement. Given the dearth of validated teacher development interventions showing consistent effects, we sought to both replicate and extend these findings with a modified version of the program in a predominantly high school population, and in a more urban, sociodemographically diverse school district. MTP-S produced substantial gains in student achievement across 86 secondary school classrooms involving 1,194 students. Gains were robust across subject areas and equivalent to moving the average student from the 50th to the 59th percentile in achievement scores. Results suggest that MTP-S can enhance student outcomes across diverse settings and implementation modalities.     

初中生学业延迟满足与成就目标定向的关系研究

学业延迟满足是指学生在学习情境中甘愿为更有价值的长远结果而放弃即时满足的抉择倾向,以及在等待过程中展示出的自我控制和调节能力。通过调查分析,本研究探讨了初中生学业延迟满足与成就目标定向的关系。主要研究结果如下：不同学业延迟满足能力水平的初中生的成就目标存在显著差异;掌握接近目标和掌握回避目标对学业延迟满足有促进作用,而成绩回避目标对学业延迟满足有负向影响,其中掌握接近目标对学业延迟满足的正向预测作用最大。     

不同招考方式博士研究生的教育收获比较 ——基于2020年全国研究生满意度调查数据的分析

基于2020年“全国研究生满意度调查”13264份学术学位博士研究生的数据,运用线性回归与标准负二项回归分析了不同招生录取方式的博士生在主观教育收获满意度以及客观论文发表数量方面的差异。分析结果显示,本科直博与硕博连读的博士研究生与公开招考的博士生相比,其论文发表数量更多,但博士教育收获满意度更低。建议博士生培养单位充分发挥贯通式人才培养连续性、系统性的优势,合理设计长学制博士生课程教学、导师指导以及考核管理制度。     

Rasch模型和IRT在学生成就测验统计分析中的对比研究

Rasch模型和项目反应理论的诞生推进了社会科学领域研究方法的变革。大多数学者认为,Rasch模型就是三参数IRT模型的特例。其实,Rasch模型不同于项目反应理论,其数据必须符合模型的先验理论。研究利用基于这两种理论假设开发的软件Winsteps和Multilog对学生成就测验进行统计分析,旨在揭示两种理论模型数据分析结果的异同之处,并探讨Winsteps软件在教育统计中的应用。     

美国中小学生创造力评价探析

美国于20世纪50年代开始对创造力进行研究,其中对中小学生创造力的评价是该研究领域的重点。创造力的内涵包括产生观点、考查观点、探索观点和自我理解与控制。创造力评价的研究集中在信息类型、评价方法和工具编制等方面。创造力评价的结果已被广泛应用于美国中小学课程设计之中,作为学生创造力培养的重要依据。我国应在构建创造力评价的指标体系、开发科学的评价工具、发挥评价在创新人才培养中的引导作用等方面予以借鉴。     

小学生数学学习情感评价的研究

在教学过程中注重学生情感、态度和价值观的培养,是新课程改革的核心目标之一,而学生情感评价则是提升情感教育效果的重要手段。对小学生数学学习情感的评价显示,目前小学生的学习情感状态不容乐观,存在着诸多亟待解决的问题。要真正促进学生情感的发展,教师应大力加强情感教育;深刻认识情感评价的功能;恰当选择评价的方法;充分利用评价获得的信息。     

学校学业乐观:提升学生学业成就的合力

学校学业乐观是教师群体对教与学的积极信念与态度及由此形成的良好学校氛围,由注重学业成就、教师集体效能感以及教师对家长和学生的信任这三个协同作用的成分构成。与社会经济地位、学生先前的学习成就等因素相比,学校学业乐观更能稳定而显著地预测学生的学业成就。学校学业乐观概念的提出及结构成分的确立源自积极心理学、学校组织行为学、教育心理学等多学科的理论与实证研究的支持。     

基于B方法的学生行为百分考核系统的设计

高校学生人数的不断增加使得构建学生行为百分考核系统成为学生管理的必要举措,系统构建中引入了B方法的概念,将传统UML语言与B方法相结合,利用Java语言结构结合SQLServer数据库,设计了学生行为百分考核系统,同时阐述了部分代码在系统中的作用。结果表明,系统的正常运行能够不断提高学生管理的信息化水平和教师的工作效率。     

Comparison of Student Achievement in the Summer Term and Regular Quarter

Advocates of modality preference posit that individuals have a dominant sense and that when new material is presented in this preferred modality, learning is enhanced. Despite the widespread belief in this position, there is little supporting evidence. In the present study, the authors implemented a Morse code–like recall task to examine whether visual and auditory recall is moderated by modality preference. When the perceptual discriminability of visual and auditory stimuli was controlled for, there was no significant relation between (a) modality preference and (b) visual and auditory recall. The nature of the task did however effect performance. When a temporal discrimination between stimuli was required, recall for auditory stimuli was superior to recall of visual stimuli. In contrast, when the task involved a spatial discrimination, the opposite effect was observed. It is not surprising that in each recall task, sequences with a discernible pattern were recalled more accurately than were sequences that lacked any obvious pattern. The authors concluded that the ability to recall simple material is determined more by the type of stimulus than by the preferences of the individual.     

基于多元智能理论的多元化学生评价体系

传统的一元智能理论评价体系存在着重理论轻实践、重知识的再现而忽视其他能力的考核等缺陷,而多元智能评价体系拓宽了评价指标,把学生评价扩展到除知识技能之外的道德品行、人际关系、学习态度、兴趣特长等各个方面,评价得更为全面、合理。应从评价学生的智能及方法等几方面构建起多元智能理论的评价体系。     

Challenging the Universality of Achievement Goal Models: A Comparison of Two Culturally Distinct Countries

ABSTRACT

Achievement goal theory is one of the most widespread motivation models within education research. Strong empirical support exists for the trichotomous model, comprising mastery-approach, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals. However, research also indicates problems with model transferability between contexts. In this study, based on questionnaire data from 4201 students, we use confirmatory factor analysis to compare the factor structures of students’ achievement goals in two culturally distinct countries. Factor structures for Grades 5–11 within the two countries were also compared. Results show that the separation between performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals differs between the two countries, and that this difference is consistent over the grades. Hence, results indicate that the model is not freely transferable between countries. The results are discussed in relation to differences in national culture and other proposed explanations such as age, perceived competence, and questionnaire characteristics.