The Future Starts in the Past. The Loss of the Spiritual Centre of the University

Discussion on the crisis in/of the humanities and in/of the university institution has in the past decades become ubiquitous. The surge of literature on the subject strongly suggests that the problem is a genuine one. However, the variety of explanations that have been offered not only have brought along confusion, but the majority of these explanations also neglect the historical development of higher education. As such, they tend to underestimate the scale of the problems affecting the humanities and higher education. This article seeks to investigate an alternative explanation that takes into consideration the history of the changing ‘value’ of humanities within higher education. In doing so, the legacy of postmodernism is considered and the idea of a ‘spiritual centre’ of the university and its relation to the humanities is put forth and explored. The article concludes with some contemplations on a possible way out of the current crisis in the humanities and in higher education.     

文化自觉与高校人文精神教育

高校的人文精神教育不被重视,在一定程度上使大学成了职业训练所,不利于学生人格和心灵的培养。厘清大学的本质及使命,改革教育体制,培养学生的文化自觉意识,加强人文精神教育,发挥经典阅读课程在人文精神教育中的作用,真正培养出能够融通中方与西方传统与现代文化,兼具科技人文精神的现代化新人。     

理工科大学发展人文社会科学的思考

繁荣哲学社会科学和现代高等教育的发展趋势提出了理工科大学发展人文社会科学学科的任务。理工科大学发展人文社会科学面临着一些问题,树立"人文教育与科学教育融合"的教育理念对理工科大学有着特殊的意义,理工科大学发展人文社会科学应该有自己的目标定位,特色学科和交叉学科是理工科大学发展人文社会科学的比较优势,为此理工科大学可以通过相应的思路及措施来发展人文社会科学。     

The university in the global age: reconceptualising the humanities and social sciences for the twenty-first century.

Abstract

By any metric, the twentieth century university was a successful institution. However, in the twenty-first century, ongoing neoliberal educational reform has been accompanied by a growing epistemological crisis in the meaning and value of the humanities and social sciences (HaSS). Concerns have been expressed in two main forms. The governors of tertiary education systems—governments, private investors, university managers and consultancy firms—have focused on how HaSS can adapt to the perceived research needs of the 21st century. At the same time, a competing set of discourses has been generated by scholars and researchers employed within the critical HaSS themselves. This article considers what these differing perspectives mean for reconceptualising HaSS for the twenty-first century. After surveying the contemporary climate, this article examines the findings of key reports on the future of the humanities from the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Alongside those of Western Europe, these university systems are arguably the key drivers for the global university system. It is argued that these reports provide an opportunity for emerging universities to reflect on their research priorities and developmental strategies. The article concludes with some reflections on the wider consequences of the globalising of the university system, the increase of China's influence in Asia, and ponders the prospect of post-human/ist futures of the humanities.     

大学人文社会科学评鉴指标刍议

现阶段台湾教育部门所提出的所谓"一流大学"的考评指针,潜藏着三项特征:①完全以定量指针为准,忽视定性指针;②强调科技发展重于人文社会之研究与教学;③重视大学的研究功能远过于教学功能.虽然其具有可比较性与可操作性,但是如果彻底执行落实,则就迈向"一流大学"之目标而言,不仅如孟子所说"缘木求鱼",而且"后必有灾",因为在这些所订的指针之强力规范之下,大学教师终不能免于沦为SCI或SSCI或A＆HCI论文的生产机器,而大学的社会功能也将窄化为资本主义社会既得利益阶级后备部队的培养工厂,而大学在经济功能上也将被转化为高科技产业的研发工厂,使大学成为"有体无魂"的行尸走肉.所谓"一流大学"应有内涵包括:①一流大学应致力于知识的创新;②一流大学应参与学生生命的成长;③一流大学师生对于社会政治经济生活中的不公不义应有批判的能力与节操.     

人文社会科学实验室应用现状、问题及对策

多学科研究型大学的人文社会科学专业实验室作为学生必备的实习手段，在教学中的重要作用是不言而喻的。本文对华中农业大学文科实验室使用现状、存在的问题进行简要分析，并提出了一些相应的对策。     

当代大学生职业生涯规划问题研究

随着大学生人数的急剧增长,就业难问题日益突出。如何提高大学生的专业素养和竞争能力,以达到与职业的匹配,成为社会关注的焦点。文章从大学生职业生涯的概念界定出发,分析了当前大学生职业生涯规划中存在的问题,如规划意识淡薄、自我认识片面、缺乏职业目标等。针对这些问题,从树立职业理想、开展自我评估、正确认识职业、分析外部环境、确定职业发展目标、设定职业生涯发展路线、实施和修正职业生涯规划等方面,提出了当代大学生进行职业生涯规划的具体方法和步骤,以及大学生职业生涯规划保障机制的完善措施。     

论稷下学宫的教育特色对当前高校人文教育的启示

稷下学宫走出了许多世界级人文大家,编撰了许多世界驰名的人文著作。当今社会日新月异,社会要全面和谐发展迫切需要具有科学与人文相整合的复合型人才。目前,我国高等教育的现状是科学教育欠发达,人文教育更落后,人文教育摊子宽、效率低,雷声大雨点小,口号大而实际收效不大。面对社会对人才的要求,高校怎样提高人文教育的质量和效率成了高教领域的一个难点。回溯历史,在稷下学宫的教育特色中或许可以给高校人文教育找到一些启发。     

高校图书馆学术集刊资源建设探讨——对贵州高校图书馆学术集刊收藏状况的调查及思考

对贵州部分高校图书馆学术集刊收藏状况的调查结果表明:目前学术集刊资源建设还缺乏系统性、完整性,没有发挥应有的作用,影响了高校图书馆的学术信息保障水平。高校图书馆应加强对学术集刊的认识和研究,采取措施加强学术集刊资源采访工作,强化与相关部门的协调与合作,提高学术集刊资源建设水平。     

新疆高等师范院校通识教育理念的思考——以基础教育新课程改革为背景

高等师范院校是基础教育师资的主要来源,在目前基础教育新课程改革更加注重人文素质培养的背景下,如何结合新疆特殊的社会文化环境,加强新疆高师院校的通识教育是一个值得研究的课题.通过通识教育,学生应树立起正确的价值观与自我意识、国家观与公民意识、民族观与文化开放意识.     

当代大学生错误求职心理及应对策略

近年来,由于就业形势严峻,大学生就业成为当下社会的热点问题。大学生就业难是由多种因素综合作用的结果,其中大学生在求职过程中错误的就业心理在一定程度上阻碍了大学生顺利就业。大学生错误求职心理表现形式多样,多角度、多层面的展示了大学生在就业过程中缺乏正确的价值认同和自我认识。因此,有必要在分析和研究大学生错误求职心理问题基...     

工科大学生人文社科课程体系的构建

人文素质教育是高等教育的重要内容,直接影响着高素质人才的培养质量。工科院校加强人文社会科学教育,需要在教育观念和认识上确立人文社会科学教育应有的地位,在课程体系上系统设置人文社会科学课程,针对当前工科院校人文社会科学课程设置中存在的问题,努力构建科学、合理的人文课程体系。     

The impact of SSCI and SCI on Taiwan’s academy: an outcry for fair play

The increasing importance of the competition in global university ranking has resulted in a paradigm shift in academic governance in East Asia. Many governments have introduced different strategies for benchmarking their leading universities to facilitate global competitiveness and international visibility. A major trend in the changing university governance is the emergence of a regulatory evaluation scheme for faculty research productivity, reflected by the striking features of the recent changing academic profile of publication norms and forms that go beyond the territories of nation-states in the East and West. With the expansion of the Taiwanese higher education system in the last two decades, the maintenance of quality to meet the requirements for international competitiveness has become a key concern for policy makers. Since 2005, the Ministry of Education has introduced a series of university governance policies to enhance academic excellence in universities and established a formal university evaluation policy to improve the competitiveness and international visibility of Taiwanese universities. In so doing, the government has legalized a clear link between evaluation results and public funding allocation. Research performance is assessed in terms of the number of articles published in journals indexed by the Science Citation Index (SCI), the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index and in terms of citation rates and associated factors. Therefore, evaluation has taken on a highly quantitative dimension. Despite the efforts of concerned parties to encourage academic excellence, the abovementioned quantitative evaluation indicators have resulted in bitter complaints from the humanities and social sciences, whose research accomplishments are devalued and ignored by the current quantitative indicators. In this paper, the authors describe the recent petition for collective action initiated by university faculty to protest the privileging of SSCI and SCI publications as critical indicators for academic performance regardless of faculty discipline and specialization. The article concludes its argument with a group petition calling for more diverse and reliable indicators in recognizing the research of different natures and disciplines while creating culturally responsive evaluation criteria for social sciences and humanities in the Taiwanese academe. The article not only sheds light on academic evaluation literature, especially on the uncertain paradox of globalization and market economy, but also proposes alternatives to the evaluation system for humanities and social sciences in higher education.     

从文化自觉谈大学人文教育

中国大学的人文教育缺位使大学成了职业训练所,学生人格和心灵的培养处于极度贫弱的状态。如何培养学生的文化自觉意识,加强人文教育,已是迫在眉睫。其中,厘清大学的本质及使命,发挥学生、教师以及经典阅读课程在人文教育中的作用,显得尤为重要。     

读大学,读什么? 如何读?——基于大学生人文学科学习态度个案研究的思考

通过对当前大学生人文课程学习中存在的突出问题进行个案访谈式实证调查发现,现在大学生在学习目的上仍然严重存在着短视和功利化心态;作为公共课的人文类课程仍然受到轻视,被学生认为是"无用"的;大学人文教育的合力远没有形成,教育者中有误导学生的现象,它偏离了教育的基本精神。因此,个人的和谐发展必须重视人文修养。     

大学的时代精神及其构建

大学精神必须具有鲜明的时代特质。要建设世界一流大学，当今我国大学尤其需要凸显独立之精神、自由之学术；批判和创新精神；探究科学前沿学问的踏实刻苦精神。构建新时代大学精神的思路可以表达为：追求卓越的终极目标；以人为本，博大宽容办学；加强人文与科学的结合。     

Inclusive university settings? An analysis from the perspective of students with disabilities / ¿Contextos universitarios inclusivos? Un análisis desde la voz del alumnado con discapacidad

Abstract

This article presents the partial results of a study that analysed the barriers and means of support that students with disabilities find in classrooms and other university settings (offices, departments, libraries, etc.), using the biographical narrative method. The results of this article focus exclusively on the obstacles and means of support identified by humanities students, with the information organized in relation to the institution in general, infrastructures and architectural barriers, lecturers and their teaching methods, fellow students and proposals for improving universities and classrooms. Finally, the conclusion discusses the main findings regarding how the university facilitates or hinders the participants’ learning processes in this study. From this perspective, and taking the social model of disability as a reference, it is concluded that in order to become inclusive, the university must commit to adopting proactive measures that eliminate the barriers preventing these students from learning and from participating fully.     

现代大学制度研究的十大视角

现代大学制度已成为我国教育研究的热点问题和教育改革的难点问题。通过对国内现代大学制度研究的文献梳理,发现学术界对现代大学制度的研究存在各种视角。不同的研究视角虽然有助于拓宽我们的视野,但对如何建构适合我国国情的现代大学制度这一根本问题并没有提出有效的建议。     

Let’s start at the very beginning: the impact of program origins and negotiated community–university partnerships on Canadian radical humanities programs

This article examines the community–university partnerships and the planning process of three Canadian Radical Humanities programs: programs that offer university entry-level humanities to adult learners on the margins of society. Examining these three iterations has revealed the significance of program origins, particularly the introduction of frame factors shaping student options and the potential for institutional change, and the importance of clarifying roles and expectations in community–university partnerships.     

Setting New Standards for Homo Academicus: Entrepreneurial University Graduates on the EU Agenda

In this article, we examine how the ideal university graduate is constructed in the European Commission’s documents on entrepreneurship education (EE). Our analysis illustrates how persuasive policy language determines the standards for educating entrepreneurial graduates to optimally meet the needs of the liberal market economy. We argue that the policy discourse on EE reformulates the idea of being academically educated. In the context of building the European knowledge economy, EE has become a significant theme that establishes neoliberal ideals, redefines the values of European university education, and generates instrumental and one-dimensional understanding of the purpose of university education.