知识特性与企业组织网络化发展

新经济时代,企业竞争力主要源于知识资源。知识的真正价值是通过企业对知识的优化配置或运用体现出来的,这就强化了企业组织形式和蕴含其中的能力的重要性。企业组织的网络化发展,正是基于知识特性的一种新型资源配置方式。     

The complex nature of regional knowledge production: Evidence on European regions

Knowledge creation is widely considered as the central driver for innovation, and accordingly, for creating competitive advantage. However, most measurement approaches have so far mainly focused on the quantitative dimension of knowledge creation, neglecting that not all knowledge has the same value (Balland and Rigby, 2017). The notion of knowledge complexity has come into use in this context just recently as an attempt to measure the quality of knowledge in terms of its uniqueness and its replicability. The central underlying assumption is that more complex knowledge is more difficult to be replicated, and therefore provides a higher competitive advantage for firms, or at an aggregated level, regions and countries. The objective of this study is to advance and apply measures for regional knowledge complexity to a set of European regions, and to highlight its potential in a regional policy context. This is done by, first, characterising the spatial distribution of complex knowledge in Europe and its dynamics in recent years, second, establishing that knowledge complexity is associated with future regional economic growth, and third, illustrating the usefulness of the measures by means of some policy relevant example applications. We proxy the production of complex knowledge with a regional knowledge complexity index (KCI) that is based on regional patent data of European metropolitan regions from current EU and EFTA member countries. The results are promising as the regional KCI unveils knowledge creation patterns not observed by conventional measures. Moreover, regional complexity measures can be easily combined with relatedness metrics to support policy makers in a smart specialisation context.     

Measuring the knowledge base of regional innovation systems in Germany in terms of a Triple Helix dynamics

The interaction among the three sub-dynamics of economic exchange, technological innovation, and institutional control can be captured with a generalized Triple Helix model. We propose to use the information contained in the configuration among the three sub-dynamics as an indicator of the synergy in a configuration. This measure indicates the reduction of the uncertainty which prevails at the level of an innovation system. On the basis of data at the district level in Germany, the conclusions of a previous study about the Netherlands are tested: medium-tech manufacturing is the main driver of the knowledge-based configuration in a regional economy, while knowledge-intensive services tend to uncouple the economy from the regional configuration. At the level of regions (NUTS-2) Germany's knowledge-based economy is no longer structured in terms of the previous East–West divide of the country, while this divide has prevailed at the level of the states (NUTS-1) that constitute the Federal Republic. However, the effects of high and medium-tech are not specific for the western or eastern parts of the country. The configuration of medium-tech manufacturing can be considered a better indicator of the knowledge-based economy than that of high-tech manufacturing.     

Learning cycles in knowledge-intensive organisations: an exploratory study of the nature and dimensions of knowledge development in four departments

From the perspective of Organisational Learning, organisations have the capacity to learn. Processes of organisational learning and knowledge development have been described mostly in idiosyncratic studies. In this paper, the question raised is how these learning processes can be mapped in a more general way? Can phenomena such as learning abilities of organisations or characteristic learning cycles as several authors broadly describe them, be detected? Unlike other theoretical currents of organisation research, the absence of shared research instruments makes it difficult to compare organisations and be able to pronounce upon their learning capabilities in a more general way.In this paper, the learning abilities of organisations are distinguished and described according to the model of the social learning cycle. A questionnaire was designed and validated to characterise the dimensions of a knowledge space and the stages of a learning cycle. The results, given by the four departments of three knowledge-intensive organisations, are analysed.     

中国商业秘密保护水平的定量研究

商业秘密保护是知识产权保护机制的一项重要内容,但目前对于中国商业秘密保护的量化研究几乎是一个空白的领域。基于综合评分法,对1993-2014年中国商业秘密保护水平进行了定量测度,量化结果表明：1993-2007年商业秘密立法水平较低,自2008年开始立法水平发展较好,2013年立法水平已经比较完备;然而,由于执法意识淡薄,执法水平始终是一个薄弱环节,这一环节制约了实际保护水平的提高。在量化测算的基础上,实证分析了中国商业秘密保护水平的影响因素,发现经济发展水平、教育水平和研发投入具有显著的正向影响,而模仿创新是限制实际保护水平提升的深层原因。因此,加强自主创新是提高商业秘密保护水平的根本途径。     

普及动物科学知识 促进人与自然和谐发展

在构建和谐社会,贯彻“五个统筹”,特别是统筹人与自然和谐发展的过程中,动物科学知识的普及与宣传占有重要的位置,中国动物学会能够在这一过程中发挥应有的作用。及时回顾和总结几年来我会在普及动物科学知识、提高民众科学素质方面所做的工作和取得的经验,将有利于我们提高认     

知识距离与知识定价

认为商品化的知识在交换中需要确定一个价格才能顺利成交。决定交换价值的因素不仅仅是知识本身的价值大小,还包括买卖双方之间的信任关系、知识的编码和抽象化方式以及买方的知识基础等等。引入“知识距离”的概念来替代知识编码和抽象化程度以及买方的知识基础等因素,用数学模型分析隐性知识转移的动态过程,并建立隐性知识交易的定价模型。     

应用型人才培养院校统计学课程教学改革的探索

统计学作为一门工具类课程,在应用型人才培养院校中具有重要地位。本文从培养学生的统计思维、教学方法多元化、改进教学内容体系、改革考试方式和内容四个方面,提出了应用型人才培养院校统计学课程教学改革的建议。     

德国的大学和科学

你们已经听说我是一个数学家。我的兴趣一直集中于科学本身，而不是它的科学机构和科学组织。不过，今晚我要谈的主要内容是关于德国的大学和科学研究机构，所以我恳求诸位理解我不是谈论这一主题的专家。我是通过我     

“Java程序设计”课程的实践教学改革与创新

实践教学是计算机类教学的重要环节,在培养学生的创新意识、创新能力和理解应用方面具有不可替代的作用。Java程序设计课程是理论与实践紧密结合的课程,本文以改革创新为目的,从问题出发,首先界定了实践课程的内容,而后指出了相应的教学安排,最后设计了体验式的教学方案,以期达到不仅有利于增强学生对计算机专业的兴趣、激发学生的创新意识,同时,还使学生学会运用面向对象的思想分析和解决问题的能力。     

知识联盟中共有知识分享与私有知识保护影响因素研究

依据知识联盟成员之间的"竟合"特性,从联盟知识能否被分享的角度,提出了共有知识和私有知识的概念区分,指出知识联盟的维系和成功需要在共有知识分享和私有知识保护之间求得平衡;在此基础上,从个人和组织两个层面提出了影响共有知识分享的因素;从资源特性和关系特性方面探讨了影响私有知识保护和泄漏的因素,同时提出了若干理论假设,以期为进一步的实证研究提供基础。     

高等学校科研经费管理中的问题与改革思路

科研经费是保证课题顺利实施的基本条件，合理、有效地利用科研经费是资助方、受助人及其所在单位实现各方利益的关键所在，也是科研管理追求的最终目标之一。随着科技体制改革不断深化，科枝成果转化和高新技术产业化工作稳步推进，高等学校如何通过深化改革，使其科研经费管理适应市场经济需要，就成了一个突出的重要问题。本文对高等学校经费管理改革问题，提出了一些粗浅建议。     

高等院校艺术设计课程的改革与创新

随着我国高等院校教育事业的飞速发展,艺术设计专业取得了长足的进步,但是也存在一些问题亟须改善。本文围绕高等院校艺术设计课程方面的内容,着重在教材、教学和学科体系建设三个方面进行分析和探讨,结合自身教育实践和理论研究,提出一些改革和创新的措施和建议。     

知识管理策略与知识创造

知识创造过程是揭示显性知识和隐性知识在个体或组织中相互转化和作用从而产生新的知识的重要模型和理论。本文在分析、归纳了知识创造过程与知识管理策略的相互关系的基础上,提出了对应于不同的知识创造过程所应采用的知识管理策略。     

日本大学图书馆评估与大学改革刍议

20世纪90年代以来.日本社会要求大学进行改革争评估的呼声日益加剧.在此情况下,日本大学图书馆改革和评估始于1991年,经历了自我评估、外部评估、第三者评估到认证评估等4个阶段.评估标准也从仅仅强调图书馆的册数,资金、面积等投入的硬性指标,到日渐强调通过图书馆的积极活动,改善图书馆的服务品质,增强图书馆对大学教育研究的贡献等软性指标.通过改革,日本大学图书馆服务质量和水平得到改善,资源配置得到优化.     

知识管理和知识挖掘在客户关系管理中的应用

从知识管理和客户关系管理概念人手,阐述了知识管理和客户关系管理的关系,在此基础上,对知识管理和知识挖掘在客户关系管理系统中的应用作了深入的论述。     

论国企改革与跨国并购

主要是通过对国企改革运用跨国并购的讨论能使国企更好的利用跨国并购加速国企改组和提高国际竞争力。从并购概念入手,运用因地制宜的方法,通过阐述国企改革运用跨国并购的必要性,结合我国国情,分析了对国企产生的影响及可能出现的问题,最后提出了相应对策。