Critical capabilities for effective management of complementarity between product and process innovation: Cases from the food and drink industry

The management of the complementarity between product and process innovation has been discussed for five decades. The most recent advancement in the conceptual development uncovered different extents of complementarities occurring between product and process innovation at the project level. Prior literature suggested that facilitating a better interplay between these two types of innovation holds the potential for the development of a long-lasting competitive advantage. Despite its theoretical and managerial importance, management of new product and process development (NPPD) projects with different extents of complementarity between product and process innovation remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we adopt perspectives from contingency theory and dynamic capabilities. Building upon Hullova, Trott and Simms’s (2016) classification of complementarities we investigate the management of different complementarity types in four NPPD projects in the UK food and drink industry. We introduce empirically derived framework for effective management of NPPD projects with different extents of complementarity between product and process innovation. The framework identifies three critical capabilities and associated activities; 1) identifying the complexity and novelty of the project and assessment of internal and external resources and knowledge stocks, 2) deploying the most suitable integration mechanism(s) for the identified complementarity type and 3) leveraging of the knowledge learned and experience acquired during the project. Jointly, these three intertwined capabilities act as a complementarity management tool for product and process development managers, enabling them to manage their NPPD projects portfolios more effectively.     

产业哲学视野下的产业创新——“产业论与产业创新研讨会”综述

研讨会围绕产业哲学基本理论与学科范式、产业与社会发展、科技创新与产业创新、国家创新型城市建设和现代产业发展、高新区和高新技术产业发展等问题,展开了热烈讨论。会议推进了产业哲学研究的进展,开拓了产业论与产业创新学科发展的新阶段。     

技术并购在行业创新价值链中的作用机制研究：信息技术赋能的调节作用

基于创新价值链理论,对2007—2019年中国37个工业细分行业的面板数据进行固定效应回归分析,实证检验技术并购对于行业创新的影响机制和效果,以及信息技术赋能在其中的调节作用。研究发现,技术并购作为行业创新价值链上重要的外部资源导入方式,对行业的产品创新绩效有显著的促进作用,并且技术创新绩效在两者之间起中介作用;信息技术赋能正向调节创新价值链中技术并购与行业创新绩效之间的直接关系以及中介过程的后半路径。研究结果在行业层次上从技术资源外部导入的视角为创新价值链的研究,并为通过技术并购和信息技术赋能推动行业高质量发展提供参考。     

核心动态能力与竞争优势——以浙江省软件产业为例

通过将动态能力慨念转换成更容易操作定义的核心动态能力,确立起核心动态能力与竞争优势关系的理论分析框架,并以浙江省软件产业为研究对象,运用问卷调查和统计分析的方法对理论模型和研究假设进行实证检验,以期探索在超竞争环境中核心动态能力对企业持续竞争优势的作用方式。     

社会资本与核心能力关系研究：以知识创造为中介变量

 本文从社会资本的视角出发,研究企业内外部社会资本对企业核心能力的协同影响,并以知识基础理论为基础探讨知识创造在此过程中的中介作用。研究结果表明,企业内外部社会资本以及它们之间的协同机制对企业核心能力有显著的正向影响,知识创造在此过程中起着重要的中介作用。本文结论对于进一步明确社会资本、知识创造与企业核心能力之间的相互联系,特别是内外部社会资本、以及内外部社会资本的协同机制对核心能力不同维度的影响有重要的意义,有利于指导企业利用其内外部关系提升核心能力与竞争优势。     

Modes of organizing biomedical innovation in the UK and US and the role of integrative and relational capabilities

Given that biomedical innovation involves intense collaboration across disciplines, occupations and organizations, a nation's integrative capabilities (the ability to move between basic science and clinical development) and relational capabilities (the ability to collaborate with diverse organizations) have been identified as crucial. This paper deploys qualitative analysis of biomedical innovation in the UK and US to identify mechanisms influencing innovation at the project level through which these macro level capabilities may have effects. From this a propositional framework is developed that helps explain the likely impact of such capabilities for characteristically different kinds of innovation projects at the micro level.     

A longitudinal study of the actual value of big data and analytics: The role of industry environment

Despite the popularity of big data and analytics (BDA) in industry, research regarding the economic value of BDA is still at an early stage. Little attention has been paid to quantifying the longitudinal impact of organizational BDA implementation on firm performance. Grounded in organizational learning theory, this study empirically demonstrates the impact of BDA implementation on organizational performance and how industry environment characteristics moderate the BDA-performance relationships. Using secondary data regarding BDA implementation from 2010 to February 2020, we find that BDA implementation has a significant impact on two types of business value creation: operational efficiency and business growth. Furthermore, the impact of BDA on operational efficiency is amplified in less dynamic and complex environments, while the BDA-business growth relationship is more pronounced in more dynamic, complex, and munificent environments. Collectively, this study provides a theory-centric understanding of BDA’s economic benefits. The findings offer insights to firms about what actual benefits BDA implementation may generate and how firms may align the use of BDA with the industry environments they are operating in.     

开放度与创新绩效的关系研究——动态能力的调节作用

开放度与创新绩效存在何种关系一直是创新管理领域探讨的热点问题,但是已有研究均忽略了实施开放式创新所需的动态能力的作用。文章探讨了动态能力作用下的开放度与创新绩效的关系,并以我国246家企业为样本进行了实证研究。研究发现,开放广度与创新绩效正相关,而开放深度与创新绩效的关系存在最佳开放点;动态能力对二者的关系具有调节作用,企业应根据不同的开放对象重点发展相应的动态能力。     

数字创新发展经济体系：框架、演化与增值效应

数字化时代,数据作为新的要素进入到创新发展经济体系中,改变了原有的要素构成和主体关系,急需健全数字化背景下创新发展经济体系研究的理论基础。本文提出数字创新发展经济体系的概念及其分析框架,并从“围绕数字自身创新发展形成的经济体系（Ⅰ型）”和“创新发展经济体系的数字化（Ⅱ型）”两个相互融合增值的体系出发,来界定和理解数字创新发展经济体系的内涵。本文认为,在数字化时代,数字技术不断升级突破、知识生产方式不断优化、创新要素关系不断增强、创新主体边界不断扩大、制度和条件不断完善为数字创新发展经济体系的演化提供了动力支撑。最后,本文在数字化背景下拓展了熊彼特的创新发展经济理论,指出数字创新发展经济体系通过投入创新数字化、产品创新数字化、工艺创新数字化、市场创新数字化、组织创新数字化等五类渠道实现价值增值。     

Profiting from innovation in the digital economy: Enabling technologies,standards, and licensing models in the wireless world

The value-capture problem for innovators in the digital economy involves some different challenges from those in the industrial economy. It inevitably requires understanding the dynamics of platforms and ecosystems. These challenges are amplified for enabling technologies, which are the central focus of this article. The innovator of an enabling technology has a special business model challenge because the applicability to many downstream verticals forecloses, as a practical matter, ownership of all the relevant complements. Complementary assets (vertical and lateral) in the digital context are no longer just potential value-capture mechanisms (through asset price appreciation or through preventing exposure to monopolistic bottleneck pricing by others); they may well be needed simply for the technology to function. Technological and innovational complementors present both coordination and market design challenges to the innovator that generally lead to market failure in the form of an excess of social over private returns. The low private return leads to socially sub-optimal underinvestment in future R&D that can be addressed to some extent by better strategic decision-making by the innovator and/or by far-sighted policies from government and the judiciary.The default value-capture mechanism for many enabling technologies is the licensing of trade secrets and/or patents. Licensing is shown to be a difficult business model to implement from a value-capture perspective. When injunctions for intellectual property infringement are hard to win, or even to be considered, the incentives for free riding by potential licensees are considerable. Licensing is further complicated if it involves standard essential patents, as both courts and policy makers may fail to understand that development of a standard involves components of both interoperability and technology development. If a technology standard is not treated as the embodiment of significant R&D efforts enabling substantial new downstream economic activity, then rewards are likely to be calibrated too low to support appropriate levels of future innovation.     

The future of value creation and innovations: Aspects of a theory of value creation and innovation in a global knowledge economy

What enhances innovation and value creation in the global knowledge economy? We offer several answers here, chief among them this: Leaders need to move away from focusing on developing innovations and value within the mental models, systems, and organizational solutions of the old industrial economy, with its firm- and product-centric view of value. Instead, they need to focus on providing tailor-made products and services to the newly connected and interconnected customer. They can do this with individualized immediate feedback, a new organizational logic, and new cooperating structures.     

基于产业视角下科技服务业FDI对先进制造业效应研究

以2009-2018年广东省制造业核心城市数据为基础,运用面板随机效应模型,从先进制造业行业异质性和高端服务行业异质性角度出发,重点研究科技服务业FDI对先进制造业影响.研究结果发现,高端服务FDI与先进制造业和其细分行业下的装备制造业、石油化学业有显著正相关性,与钢铁冶炼及加工业不相关;而高端服务业各细分行业中,科技...     

集群持续竞争优势的获取:动态能力的理论与方法

从动态能力的视角探究集群持续竞争优势的获取。首先从静态角度出发,指出基于集群自身特性所带来的集群竞争优势,其长时期会形成集群“静态优势刚性”,使集群竞争优势难以持续获取：引入动态视角,分析持续竞争优势的构成要素,构建出四维式集群动态能力模型;在此基础上,进一步阐明基于动态能力的集群持续竞争优势获取机制;最后指出今后相关领域进一步的研究方向。     

战略柔性如何建立竞争优势：战略变化与技术创新的作用

 战略柔性对企业建立竞争优势有重要的作用,那么战略柔性是如何帮助企业建立竞争优势的呢？本文指出：由于战略变化和技术创新对企业应对环境变化的重要作用,战略柔性可以影响企业的战略变化和技术创新,进而建立竞争优势。本文分析了战略柔性对战略变化和技术创新的影响作用,揭示了战略柔性是如何帮助企业建立竞争优势的。     

Mind the gap: Capturing value from basic research through combining mobile inventors and partnerships

To successfully generate more valuable technologies from accessing basic research knowledge, firms need to combine institutional and individual level bridges to universities and research institutes active in basic research. This combination is particularly important when the new technology builds on scientific prior art. While mobile inventors are needed to transfer and translate basic knowledge into new technologies, partnerships provide the commitment, resources and incentive structure to integrate this basic research knowledge more effectively into the firm’s innovation process, thus improving the value capture from mobile inventors. Our findings in the micro-electronics field illustrate the importance of jointly accounting for firm and inventor level industry-science links to assess their effectiveness and provides evidence on complementarity from using both. Furthermore, identifying the scientific nature of the technology projects critically determines whether the combination of these links allow to capture more value.     

基于知识生产模式的原始性创新发生机制的研究

 知识生产是原始性创新的主要基础,从基础研究可以分为纯基础研究和应用基础研究出发,将原始性创新具体划分为纯基础研究原始性创新和应用基础研究原始性创新。然后,借助两种不同的知识生产方式,提出了原始性创新的发生机制模型。     

Enabling innovation in the face of uncertainty through IT ambidexterity: A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis of industrial service SMEs

Taking a configurational approach, this paper investigates the causal configurations of IT ambidexterity (i.e., IT capabilities for exploitation and exploration), dynamic capabilities (i.e., innovation and networking capabilities) and environmental uncertainty that are associated to service innovation performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Results from a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of 63 industrial service SMEs show that these firms attain high service innovation performance with three different configurations under conditions of high uncertainty. Two configurations highlight the importance of IT exploration capabilities (combined with the absence of innovation and networking capabilities in one configuration and with the absence of networking capabilities and IT capabilities for exploitation in another), whereas another configuration accentuates the importance of IT exploitation capabilities (combined with the presence of innovation and networking capabilities). Our study contributes to the literature in multiple ways. For instance, due to the equifinal properties of the configurational approach, our results suggest that SMEs can attain high innovation performance through both sequential and simultaneous IT ambidexterity, thus providing a starting point for reconciling competing views of IT ambidexterity. Other contributions to theory and practice and avenues for future research are also discussed.     

行业视角下我国中小型制造企业自主创新动力 差异性与提升策略研究

基于行为活跃度和成果丰富度建立中小型制造企业自主创新动力水平测量指标体系,采用矩阵型灰色聚类方法对我国30个行业进行评估。结果表明行业视角下我国中小型制造企业自主创新动力水平划分成"高-高""中-中""中-低"、"低-中""低-低"5个类型,且整体处于偏低水平。在充分把握我国中小型制造企业自主创新动力水平整体状况和行业分布差异性基础上,提出政府在激发中小型制造企业自主创新动力方面的对策建议。     

基于SNA的建筑产业联盟协同创新影响因素分析——以京津冀地区为例

为提升建筑产业联盟协同创新效率,以京津冀地区为例,探究建筑产业联盟协同创新关键影响因素与关联机理。在文献综述的基础上,结合建筑产业联盟的特点,对影响其协同创新的因素进行梳理,构建社会网络分析模型。通过问卷调查进行数据搜集,运用Ucinet6软件进行分析,结果表明：产业集聚、创新资源投入、知识共享、知识产权、技术进步、知识转移是关键影响因素,且这些影响因素通过不同的方式作用于其他因素,最终影响京津冀地区建筑产业联盟协同创新。     

Business intelligence and analytics for value creation: The role of absorptive capacity

Firms continuously report increased competitive value gains from the use of business intelligence and analytics (BI&A), however, little is known about how insights from BI&A are transformed to added value to date. We have conducted fourteen in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a sample of informants in CEO positions, IT managers, CIO, Heads of R&D, as well as Market Managers from nine medium or large-sized European firms. Applying the absorptive capacity’s theoretical lens, we have provided evidence that absorptive capacity’s capabilities are an underlying foundation in the process of transforming BI&A triggered insights into valuable knowledge. Moreover, this process is supported by technological, human, and relationship assets.