甲骨文中曾有“霾”

"‘霾’字在甲骨文卜辞中就有出现,指的是一种‘昏暗的空气混浊状态’。殷人认为,‘霾’不常出现,一旦出现是不吉的征兆。"连续多日的雾霾天,让原本生机盎然的春天少了几分活力。近两年,随着雾霾天气的"常态化","霾"也成了热词。近日,南开大学历史学院副教授夏炎考证发现,"霾"字在甲骨文卜辞中就有出现,指的是一种"昏暗的空气混浊状态"。当时,殷人会对天气进行观测记录,并通过占卜预知下雨会否出现霾。殷人认为,"霾"不常出现,一旦出现是不吉的征兆。     

“霾”的释义、历史与规范问题

阐析当下几部常用字词工具书中对"霾"这一单音节词的释义并不一致,而《说文解字》等古代工具书中"霾"的词汇意义古今也不完全相同。从结构主义语言学的角度考察了"霾"的构词能力和句法组合能力,还考察了《二十五史》中有关"霾"天气的历史记载,说明随着人类的进步和经济的发展,"霾"出现频次不断增加。最后特别指出,当今人们使用"霾"这个词时存在三方面的问题:不能正确理解"霾"的意义;非"霾"误认为"霾";"雾霾"一词滥用和不能正确使用由"霾"组成的双音节合成词。     

黑龙江省沙尘天气研究初探

文章概述了黑龙江省沙尘天气的时空分布特征和形成条件,从黑龙江省沙尘天气主要沙源区及示踪方法、沙尘天气监测及预报等方面评述了它的研究进展和问题。从发展趋势来看,加强沙尘天气关键区域的监测和治理、加强示踪方法的研究、重视城市裸地的研究、不断加强沙尘天气的预报工作将是黑龙江省今后研究的重要方向。     

要闻导读

正图片TUPIAN重度霾天气里小学生露天蹲着考试重度霾天气里,河北省邯郸市临漳县第五小学,学生在露天操场上蹲着参加考试。(来源:新京报网)全国唯一全免费职业学院开学全国目前唯一的全免费职院——广东碧桂园职业学院迎来了首批300余名学生。广东省副省长陈云贤等出席开学典礼。(来源:新华网)     

十面“霾”伏呼唤我国的生态文明

[热点综述] 2013年1月中旬,我国中东部大部分地区被雾霾天气笼罩,其中,华北地区为"重灾区".受污染物扩散条件恶化影响,北京等城市已连续数天空气质量六级严重污染.连续大范围的雾霾天气给人们交通出行和健康带来不利影响,群众谈"霾"色变.随着多地遭遇"霾"伏,关于雾霾天气的成因、危害和采取区域协同机制共同治理大气污染,切实提高空气环境质量和群众安全感,大力推进我国生态文明建设的呼唤日益强烈.     

霾——人类的『灰色杀手』

上世纪80年代以来,随着人类活动的增加,环境污染日益严重,出现灰霾天气的城市越来越多。由于霾形成需要的凝结核是空气中的污染物,所以这种天气会给人类健康带来较大威胁,成了人类的灰色杀手。     

植物界谁是防霾卫士?

正初春时节,尽管天气渐渐暖和了,但温室里的植物还是高兴不起来。连日的雾霾天气不仅让植物得不到阳光的滋养,还逼得人们不得不躲在家中,搞得温室里冷冷清清。都说植物可以净化空气,那么谁才是其中高手呢?这不,它们内部也正在竞选"防霾卫士"呢!"环保卫士"夹竹桃?一天,大家正聚在一起看电视,听到新闻里说全国各地雾霾状况十分严重,有人提出通过种植"抗雾霾"植物的方式来防治雾霾。顿时,大家想到了一个好方法:在温室里竞选出一位"防霾卫士",让它走进千家万户为人们吸除雾霾。     

十堰市雾霾天气环境效应问题分析及对策

2013年1月份以来,雾霾作为一种灾害性天气在我市持续发生,所引发的环境效应问题和气候效应问题,已引起社会的广泛关注.而霾的组成成分非常复杂,包括数百种大气化学颗粒物质,对人体和生态环境都有很严重的影响.分析雾霾的成因及其对环境和人体的影响,从政府环保方面进行以期防治.     

雾霾治理法制化路径探析

当前雾霾天气愈发严重,其诱因主要是人为原因导致的空气中PM2.5含量超标。我国现存雾霾治理的法律体系存在缺陷:对PM2.5规制不足、立法理念落后、环境违法成本低、具体制度有待落实完善以及执法效率低下,要从根本上通过法律途径解决雾霾,就必须从立法、执法、责任追究、权利救济等方面寻求综合治霾方案。     

穹顶之问

问:什么是沙尘暴,什么是雾霾(mai),它们一样吗?答:如果是强风将地面上的沙尘吹起飘浮于空气中,让空气变得异常浑浊,能见度很低,就是沙尘暴。沙尘暴在北方的春天比较常见。而霾是由空气中大量的烟、尘等悬浮微粒形成的,霾经常伴随着雾,雾霾天时空气一般是昏黄色,而且多发生在冬季。沙尘暴和雾霾都是灾害性天气。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.