诸教判分与公教创立——谈康有为的孔教观

论及康有为的孔教,很多人会毫不犹豫地认为南海所积极建立的孔教即儒教是一种宗教。其实,儒教之所以为"教"的背后有着极为复杂的社会原因。关于康氏建设的儒教究竟是不是宗教,除了从历史、社会等外在因素去考查外,更要回到康有为的著作尤其是《大同书》中去探讨。最终,我们会发现,康有为建立儒教的终极目的不是妄想使自己成为一个"大主教",而是希望能够尽早地为变法提供一个良好的社会基础,而这一基础恰好又是以旨在提升国民道德水平、增强民族凝聚力为根柢的。     

浅析20世纪50年代中后期我国的国民心态

20世纪50年代中后期我国的国民心态主要表现为急于求成、竞赛攀比、宁"左"勿右、盲从盲信等特点.这种心态的形成原因是多方面的,其中政治力量的推动是根本原因,改变贫穷状况的强烈愿望是基本原因,国民自身文化素质较低,缺乏明察是非的能力是重要原因.这种心态是不健康的,它为20世纪50年代中后期党内极"左"思潮及错误决策提供了群众基础,为"文化大革命"的发动提供了社会心理准备,为20世纪50年代以后乃至当今种种社会不良心理种下了历史渊源.     

斯宾诺莎神学政治观探析

斯宾诺莎是17世纪荷兰杰出的哲学家,在继承古希腊时期以及中世纪学者部分观点的基础上,在《神学政治论》中阐述了独特的神学政治观点,对政体与宗教的关系做了细致分析,为神学与政治找到了新的平衡点,对后世自由主义、理性主义产生了重要影响.     

梁启超与两次"社会主义"论争

20世纪初期,中国政治思想界发生了两次关于社会主义问题的重要论争.梁启超积极参与其中,并就在当时的历史背景下中国能否进行社会主义实践这一问题提出了自己的主张.尤其是在20年代的第二次论争中,梁启超在提出自己的"社会主义"见解时对中国国情的关注,对包括苏俄在内的外来势力对中国利益的可能侵害的防范,以及国人在"走俄国人的路"的政治选择下如何坚持国家民族利益所提出的意见,是有启发价值的.     

“形”“神”谁为本——一场绵延千年的哲学之争

人的“形”“神”当以谁为“本”呢？从先秦到六朝这千年之久的时间里,我国古代哲人们在此问题上发生了论争。这场论争,主要是发生在无神论者和宗教神学的推崇者之间的。这场斗争可分为两个阶段：第一个阶段,是“形神相俱”与“形神相离”之对峙,主要是发生在无神论者和儒教神学的推崇者之间的;第二个阶段,是“神灭”与“神不灭”之论争,主要是发生在无神论者和佛教神学的推崇者之间的。     

宗教信仰与人文关怀--刘小枫基督教神学价值论衡

刘小枫先生的西方现代基音教神学思想在20世纪80年代的中国思想文化界曾激起强烈反响。对当时居正统地位的李泽厚先生的在历史理性主义基础上建立的民族文化心理“积淀说”构成有力的反动。90年代，社会生活发生了深刻变革，“人文精神大讨论”和“终极关怀”的追寻以及各种西方后现代思潮的广泛引入，种种努力都在试图为当下的物化社会寻求一种精神上的启迪。在对人性的去蔽与澄清的意义上，宗教神学与之不谋而合。因此有必要在新的语境下对刘小枫先生的基音教神学思想进行再评价。     

从中国战争小说看中华民族政治伦理观的演进(下)

在东西方各民族中,中华民族是最早把战争纳入政治伦理道德视野中的民族 .中国古代战争小说深受以孔孟为代表的儒家伦理道德学说的影响,作品中充满了"仁道"与"霸道"、"忠君"与"信义"等矛盾关系问题的艺术演绎.近代中国西风东渐,儒教的独尊地位受到冲击,出现了像<洪秀全演义>这样杂采天主教义和资产阶级民主思想的战争小说.五四以后,马克思主义阶级斗争学说在给中国现当代战争小说带来新的政治境界的同时,也使几乎所有的战争小说都成为阶级斗争的一个工具.20 世纪80年代中期以后,战争小说创作才逐渐由单一社会政治伦理道德层面向"人学"的深层进军.     

从中国战争小说看中华民族政治伦理观的演进(上)

在东西方各民族中,中华民族是最早把战争纳入政治伦理道德视野中的民族.中国古代战争小说深受以孔孟为代表的儒家伦理道德学说的影响,作品中充满了"仁道"与"霸道"、"忠君"与"信义"等矛盾关系问题的艺术演绎.近代中国西风东渐,儒教的独尊地位受到冲击,出现了像<洪秀全演义>这样杂采天主教义和资产阶级民主思想的战争小说.五四以后,马克思主义阶级斗争学说在给中国现当代战争小说带来新的政治境界的同时,也使几乎所有的战争小说都成为阶级斗争的一个工具.20世纪80年代中期以后,战争小说创作才逐渐由单一社会政治伦理道德层面向"人学"的深层进军.     

社会转型时期党的宗教政策的回顾与思考

中发[1982]19号文件是我党关于宗教问题的纲领性文件。82宪法明确规定"中华人民共和国公民有宗教信仰的自由"。20世纪90年代,中央提出"全面正确地贯彻党的宗教信仰自由政策,依法管理宗教事务,坚持独立自主自办原则,积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应"的基本宗教政策和方针,要求努力发挥宗教在构建社会主义和谐社会中的积极作用。     

“归来作家”20世纪80年代中期后“文革叙事”转型原因剖析

"文革叙事"是"归来作家"最主要的创作内容.与20世纪70年代末80年代初相比,他们在20世纪80年代中期以后的书写发生了重大转型.本课题主要从政治、经济和文化等社会变迁与文学发展考查他们书写转型的外在原因,以及他们因身份失落而致内在创作机制转变的轨迹.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.