“The Paradox of Narcissus and Echo in the Instagram Pond” in Light of the Selfie Culture from Freudian Evolutionary Psychology: Self-Loving and Confident but Lonely

Drawing from the Freudian evolutionary psychology of narcissism and the literature on social media popularity, this article addresses the central theme revolving around “The Paradox of Digital Narcissists in the Instagram Pond” in light of the selfie/groupie culture. A cross sectional survey was conducted among 398 Instagram users (236 males and 162 females) recruited from Amazon M-Turk. Structural equation modeling analyses using Mplus 7.4 propose an integrative model of narcissism and reveal dynamic relationships among users’ narcissism, self-discrepancy, self-confidence, intrasexual competition for mates, need to belong, need for popularity, loneliness, number of selfie/groupie posts on Instagram, and number of Instagram followers/followings.     

Examining government cross-platform engagement in social media: Instagram vs Twitter and the big lift project

As governments are increasingly turning to social media as a means of engaging the public, questions remain as to how they are actually using various social media platforms. Do specific platforms engender specific types of messages? If so, what are they, and how do they affect civic engagement, co-participation, and address citizen concerns? In this paper, we compare the use of Instagram and Twitter by ‘The Big Lift’, a bridge re-decking project completed by Halifax Harbour Bridges. Based on a content analysis of Instagram (n = 248) and Twitter (n = 1278) public posts, we found that Instagram was used as a more ‘informal’ narrative platform that promoted a clicktivist type of responses from the audience, whereas Twitter was a more ‘formal’ news platform that supported greater two-way communication between the organization and the audience. We conclude that by building and maintaining their active presence and following base on social media, and especially on Twitter, organizations can develop a capacity to address social concerns during disruptive events or infrastructure projects like ‘The Big Lift’.     

How to Engage with Younger Users on Instagram: A Comparative Analysis of HBO and Netflix in the Spanish and US Markets

ABSTRACT

Social media have become useful tools for audiovisual promotion, especially to reach niche audiences. Twitter promotional strategies have been widely studied, yet other growing platforms such as Instagram have been less analyzed. This paper examines the Instagram promotional strategies of two pay-per-view platforms (HBO and Netflix) in two markets (the USA and Spain). A total of 731 messages, posted between May and November 2017, were analyzed to identify their formal features, objectives, and their content’s emotional and cognitive elements posted on HBO and Netflix’s Spanish and US accounts. The results showed acute differences between how HBO and Netflix use their Instagram accounts in the two markets (Spain and the USA). The Spanish accounts mostly provided information, while the US accounts both provided information and promoted program content. Posts from US accounts more frequently included links to social media, particularly to celebrity accounts. Spanish accounts relied more on diegetic images, whereas US accounts emphasized non-diegetic and off-set images. Netflix used humor more than HBO did, and a stronger focus on celebrities. Humor and positive tone were found to be linked to higher engagement.     

社会化媒体用户信息披露意愿影响模型构建与实证——以微信用户为例

[目的/意义]社会化媒体信息隐私泄露事件频繁发生，加剧了用户对信息隐私的担忧，用户在使用社会化媒体过程中是否愿意向平台披露个人信息成为推动社会化媒体平台健康发展的关键。[方法/过程]利用隐私计算理论和沟通隐私管理理论为框架，结合隐私关注，构建社会化媒体用户信息披露意愿影响模型。以微信平台为例，通过问卷调查的方式收集样本数据，使用Smart PLS软件对模型合理性进行验证。[结果/结论]研究发现，感知收益、信任、感知信息控制均正向影响信息披露意愿，隐私关注负向影响信息披露意愿；信任负向影响感知风险；感知信息控制负向影响隐私关注；隐私倾向正向影响隐私关注和感知风险。     

基于时间特性的社交网络平台中用户消极使用行为规律分析

本文选取知乎平台,采用Python技术获得用户信息行为中发表文章、回答问题、提问和参与live活动的使用行为数据,进行了使用时间特征、使用频次和时间间隔分析,探索用户在使用社交网络平台中产生消极行为的时间特征及规律。结果表明,部分用户在使用社交网络平台过程中会出现减少使用、间歇性中辍和中断等使用行为,呈现不同程度的消极行为特征。对于用户的消极使用行为,需要洞察背后的深层次原因并制定针对性的措施,引导用户继续使用和深度创作。     

平台视角下青年人健康信息搜寻行为的人格特质差异研究

[目的/意义] 探索搜索引擎、网络健康社区、问答社区、社交软件四类健康信息平台下,人格特质对青年人健康信息搜寻行为的影响,以期能够改善国内健康信息服务,为青年用户提供有效的健康信息支持。[目的/意义] 以青年人作为研究对象,采用问卷调查法收集了391位用户的数据,并选取30位用户进行访谈,利用相关统计方法,对不同健康信息平台下用户健康信息搜寻行为的人格特质差异进行实证分析。[结果/结论] 研究结果发现,人格特质对青年人健康信息搜寻行为具有显著影响,并且不同人格特质对不同平台健康信息搜寻的影响效应大小各异;用户在不同健康信息平台下的健康信息搜寻行为具有差异性,其中,搜寻引擎的使用经验最为丰富,而网络健康社区的经验最为匮乏,并且对PC端与移动端的健康信息平台的使用偏好不同。     

科研用户访问国外学术数据库的隐私保护与对策

[目的/意义] 针对我国科研工作者获取国外学术信息过程中涉及的隐私保护问题，提出相关建议、对策与防范策略，并探讨大数据与区块链隐私保护技术及其实现隐私保护的可行策略。[方法/过程] 通过对国外学术数据库平台网站的访问数据进行收集分析，发现这些数据库平台除了在其自身网站中插入收集用户信息的脚本外，还存在使用第三方平台脚本对用户信息进行实时收集的情况，并对此结果进行分析，挖掘其关联性。[结果/结论] 通过大数据技术，科研用户访问国外学术数据库信息可为数据库商及其合作伙伴或政府机构所获取利用，致使科研用户的隐私信息发生泄露的风险，从而导致个人安全问题、财务问题，甚至国家安全问题，需要从多个层面加以重视。     

“The internet is not pleased”: twitter and the 2017 Equifax data breach

ABSTRACT

The 2017 Equifax data breach left 144.5 million users digitally vulnerable to identity theft and future hacks. The organization’s failure to provide ongoing communication and information regarding the attack, motivated users to form crisis communities within the Twitter platform. This study examines the discourses present within the platform as users discussed the data breach. Digital crisis communities provide researchers opportunities to study how public users respond and react to a digital threat, particularly one that impacts online security and privacy. Through a qualitative analysis of tweets from the 3 weeks after the breach was announced, three discourses emerged that represented user frustrations and reactions to the security violation. These include breaking news, anger and outrage, and blame attribution. The findings of this study are relevant for those studying crisis communication, the Twitter platform, and online communities.     

社交媒体用户隐私悖论行为影响因素初探

[目的/意义]频繁的隐私被社交媒体泄露,导致用户对自身的信息安全产生了一定的担忧,因此,用户表现出隐私悖论行为。社交媒体用户的隐私悖论行为的形成因素是值得探讨的议题。[方法/过程]以调节定向理论和调节匹配理论为基础,构建社交媒体用户的隐私悖论行为产生的研究模型,包含感知次级控制、侵犯隐私经验、集体主义倾向、社交媒体信任度以及隐私顾虑等因素。同时,通过网络问卷的方式,对社交媒体用户进行调研及分析。[结果/结论]通过对394个样本的分析,发现用户的感知次级控制和集体主义对社交媒体信任度有正向促进作用,进而驱动用户的社交媒体契合行为;而用户的隐私侵犯经验会影响其隐私顾虑,从而激发用户隐私保护行为。     

From Facebook to Instagram: Exploring user engagement in an academic library

It is trendy for university libraries to offer services on social media (SM) platforms. As many millennials prefer to use apps of photo-snapping, libraries unavoidably start to use Instagram to connect with users. This study examines the effectiveness of the use of Facebook and Instagram in The University of Hong Kong Libraries (HKUL), by a mixed-method approach to analyze the posts on the two SM sites of HKUL and user feedback collected from interviews on campus. The content analysis surprisingly revealed that both Facebook and Instagram received very low user engagement, and the most frequently posted contents were library operational news and library events. The interviewees opined that they welcomed HKUL's use of Facebook and Instagram, but they urged HKUL to change its uninteresting style on the SM sites and make better use of the SM features to attract users' attention. This study provides insights for librarians for their effective management and adoption of SM, especially for content design and management.     

Information privacy in e-service: Effect of organizational privacy assurances on individual privacy concerns,perceptions, trust and self-disclosure behavior

The increasing use of the Internet for service delivery has paralleled an increase of e-service users' privacy concerns as technology offers ample opportunities for organizations to store, process, and exploit personal data. This may reduce individuals' perceived ability to control their personal information and increase their perceived privacy risk. A systematic understanding of individuals' privacy concerns is important as negative user perceptions are a challenge to service providers' reputation and may hamper service delivery processes as they influence users' trust and willingness to disclose personal information. This study develops and validates a model that examines the effect of organizational privacy assurances on individual privacy concerns, privacy control and risk perceptions, trust beliefs and non-self-disclosure behavior. Drawing on a survey to 547 users of different types of e-services – e-government, e-commerce and social networking – in Rwanda, and working within the framework of exploratory analysis, this study uses partial least square-structural equation modeling to validate the overall model and the proposed hypotheses. The findings show that perceptions of privacy risks and privacy control are antecedents of e-service users' privacy concerns, trust and non-self-disclosure behavior. They further show that the perceived effectiveness of privacy policy and perceived effectiveness of self-regulations influence both perceptions of privacy risks and control and their consequences; users' privacy concerns, trust and non-self-disclosure behavior. The hypotheses are supported differently across the three types of e-services, which means that privacy is specific to context and situation. The study shows that the effect of privacy assurances on trust is different in e-government services than in other services which suggest that trust in e-government may be more complex and different in nature than in other contexts. The findings serve to enhance a theoretical understanding of organizational privacy assurances and individual privacy concerns, trust and self-disclosure behavior. They also have implications for e-service providers and users as well as for regulatory bodies and e-services designers.     

Why We Share: A Uses and Gratifications Approach to Privacy Regulation in Social Media Use

The contradiction between the stated preferences of social media users toward privacy and actual privacy behaviors has suggested a willingness to trade privacy regulation for social goals. This study employs data from a survey of 361 social media users, which collected data on privacy attitudes, online privacy strategies and behaviors, and the uses and gratifications that social media experiences bring. Using canonical correlation, it examines in detail how underlying dimensions of privacy concern relate to specific contexts of social media use, and how these contexts relate to various domains of privacy-protecting behaviors. In addition, this research identifies how specific areas of privacy concern relate to levels of privacy regulation, offering new insight into the privacy paradox. In doing so, this study lends greater nuance to how the dynamic of privacy and sociality is understood and enacted by users, and how privacy management and the motivations underlying media use intersect.     

Is Desirability of the Trait a Boundary Condition of the Proteus Effect? A Pilot Study

Although previous research has shown that individuals take on aspects of the avatars they embody in virtual environments, studies have not yet tested whether this phenomenon, known as the Proteus effect, extends to traits that are undesirable to have, such as narcissism. A total of 133 female participants completed a shopping simulation in virtual reality. In this simulation, half embodied an avatar of Kim Kardashian, a celebrity known for her narcissistic behavior and materialistic purchases, while the other half embodied a generic female avatar of similar appearance. Participants then chose between luxury and nonluxury brands for a variety of objects. Results indicated that participants did not take on the luxury purchase behaviors of Kim Kardashian and in fact showed lower narcissism scores after embodying her than those embodying a generic avatar. These results suggest a self-serving component to the Proteus effect, in that individuals may only take on desired aspects of the avatars they embody and distance themselves from undesired aspects.     

The power of political talk: how and when it mobilizes politically efficacious citizens’ campaign activity during elections

Political communication scholarship has investigated the mobilization effect of citizens’ political discursive behaviors during elections. With the recent advent of SNSs Social Networking Sites (SNSs) in the political communication environment, citizens’ discursive behaviors on SNSs have received increasing academic attention. This study examines (1) whether offline political talk mediates the relationship between political self-efficacy and election campaign activity (a type of political participation); (2) whether its mediation effect differs from that of SNS political talk; and (3) how those mediation effects vary according to citizens’ endorsed political ideologies. The results reveal that the effects of both offline and SNS political talk are statistically significant among conservatives, liberals, and moderates. Interestingly, the mediation effect of SNS political talk was substantially larger among liberals than among conservatives or moderates (i.e. a moderated mediation effect), while the effect of offline political talk was consistent across all three ideological groups. This study demonstrates that the electoral mobilization effect of SNSs is ideology-dependent, and is particularly based on the mismatch between SNS users’ political ideology and the current government's political orientation. Implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.     

#NotOkay: Stories of sexual assault in the midst of the 2016 U.S. presidential election

Sexual assault affects hundreds of thousands of Americans each year. Social media platforms such as Twitter allow users to anonymously share 140-character messages that serve to convey information and foster a supportive community. Following the release of a 2005 video that captured then Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump bragging in vulgar terms about kissing, groping, and trying to have sex with women, women took to Twitter to share their personal stories of sexual assault using the hashtag #NotOkay. The present study examines 1,091 tweets from women who shared their lived experiences with sexual assault. Findings revealed four themes: characteristics of sexual assault, relationship to perpetrator, public vs. private locations, and action and consequence. The results highlight Twitter as a venue for women to share their lived experiences with sexual assault.     

Use of Social Networking Sites by Academic Librarians in Six Selected States of Nigeria

The attractiveness of social networking sites (SNSs) has extended to almost all professionals in numerous human organizations including the library. Librarians as a result of this development are now making use of these sites to connect to other libraries and librarians both within and outside their environment. However, it is observed that the use and benefits derived from social networking sites by Nigerian librarians, generally, and those in academic libraries, particularly, has not been well documented. It is against this backdrop that this study examined the use of social networking sites to both the libraries and the librarians in selected academic libraries in six Nigerian States. A survey research design approach was adopted. The simple random study drew upon 200 academic librarians from academic libraries across six selected States in Nigeria. Five research questions were raised and answered by the study. The results demonstrate that Facebook and Twitter are mostly use by academic librarians. Academic librarians are making use of SNSs on a weekly basis and partially on a daily basis. Many potential benefits of SNSs were indicated both to the librarians and their libraries such as creating opportunity to connect with people across the globe, which includes those that have never been seen and those that one is not sure of coming in contact with. It was also found that SNSs give opportunity for academic libraries to incorporate SNSs as a means of creating more interactive user centered library and information services. Examples of the defects identified associated with SNSs include sexual harassment, cybercrime, fraud, and spreading of spam. It is expected that the outcomes of this study will serve as pioneer data upon which future related studies will be anchored.     

移动商务中消费者个人隐私信息披露风险评价体系

[目的/意义]移动商务消费者个人隐私信息披露风险评价对了解消费者个人隐私披露行为、提高平台和商家对消费者隐私信息安全保护具有重要作用。[方法/过程]结合移动商务特点,在梳理相关研究文献和运用问卷调查的基础上,构建移动商务消费者个人隐私信息披露的风险指标体系,采用模糊综合评价方法确定评价指标的权重,并结合淘宝APP进行实证分析。[结果/结论]数据结果表明,消费者自身脆弱风险相对于其他指标风险性最大,移动终端脆弱风险权重分值最低;同时消费者自身安全意识淡薄所占权重最大,说明提高消费者自身的隐私安全意识是保护消费者隐私信息安全最为重要的方面。     

在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理的扎根分析

[目的 /意义]探究在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理,旨在为在线学习平台建设和服务优化提供参考.[方法/过程]从学生视角,利用扎根理论方法对访谈资料进行三级编码分析,理清范畴间的作用机制,构建在线学习平台从众选择行为形成机理模型.[结果/结论]感知收益、用户需求、社会影响和信息偶遇直接影响在线学习平台从众选择行为的形成...     

隐私保护自我效能对社交网络用户隐私行为的影响研究

[目的/意义]数据泄露事件频频发生,越来越多的社交网络用户对自己隐私保护行为的有效性产生了质疑,甚至因此放弃对隐私信息的保护策略。本文试图从隐私保护自我效能的角度,探寻社交网络用户放弃隐私保护行为的原因。[方法/过程]通过对自我效能相关文献的梳理,引入隐私疲劳作为中介变量,建立结构方程模型,通过问卷调查法获取数据进行分析。[结果/结论]社交网络用户的隐私保护自我效能并不能直接对其隐私保护脱离行为产生影响,需要通过完全中介变量隐私疲劳来产生间接影响。不同来源的隐私保护自我效能会产生不同的影响。     

From Silence to #WhyIStayed: Locating Our Stories and Finding Our Voices

Domestic violence is a serious public health issue in the United States. In the digital age, social media platforms like Twitter provide users with the opportunity to anonymously share short, 140-character narratives. Following the Ray Rice domestic violence scandal, thousands of women took to Twitter to share their abuse stories using the hashtag #WhyIStayed. Building on existing domestic violence research, we conduct what is, to our knowledge, the first assessment of women utilizing Twitter to share their lived experiences with abusive relationships and reasons for staying. Findings revealed four themes: (lack of) resources, responsibility for abuse, fear, and gender-linked power. The results suggest that Twitter functions as a space where women can share lived experiences about domestic violence, which then fosters discussion about a stigmatized topic. Thus, Twitter functions as a connective mechanism where women can understand the lived experiences of domestic violence and access a large community where information and support can be exchanged.