残疾人现代远程教育的无障碍设计

现代远程教育的形式能否真正适用于残疾人,不仅与残疾人自身的能力以及辅助技术的使用有关,现代远程教育网站和资源本身是否具有较高的无障碍性是一个更重要的因素。本文将对网页、各种格式的文本文件、视频资源、交互工具等的无障碍设计进行研究,以便能根据不同残疾人的不同生理局限,有针对性地开发出可真正适用于残疾人的现代远程教育资源。     

残疾人远程教育问题与对策研究——以连云港市为例

残疾人远程教育把远程教育形式融入残疾人教育,增加了残疾人接受高等教育机会,成为改善残疾人教育重要途径。目前,残疾人远程教育历程尚短,处在起步和初级阶段。残疾人远程教育实践启示:依托电大发展残疾人远程教育是有效渠道,要建立以政府为主导的残疾人远程教育事业发展机制,构建有特色符合实情的残疾人远程教育模式,推进残疾人现代信息技术手段应用。     

少数民族地区残疾人远程教育的实践与对策——以内蒙古地区为例

随着信息技术的发展,现代远程教育已经成为构筑知识经济社会人们知识学习体系的主要手段,实施现代远程教育是建设学习型社会的重要组织部分。在建设开放大学的背景下,关注社会弱势群体,推进边疆少数民族地区残疾人教育大有可为。就内蒙古而言,残疾人远程教育的发展具备良好的外部宏观条件,残疾人远程教育的办学实践经验,为其今后的发展提供可能。推进内蒙古地区残疾人远程教育的科学发展,需要我们抓住机遇,破解发展中的障碍和难题,对残疾人远程教育科学定位,在管理和服务模式、教学方式方法、非学历继续教育职业培训建设等方面进一步探索实践。     

多媒体制作针对盲人无障碍设计的几个策略

我国现有6200万残疾人口，文盲率约为66．37％，尽管近年来信息技术发展迅猛，促进着教育手段的革新，并影响着特殊教育，但残疾人受教育的现状仍然非常严峻，目前，无障碍设计观念已经从建筑领域渗透到了信息领域，多媒体作为现代教育技术的重要教学手段也必须体现无障碍的设计原则。本文提出了多媒体无障碍设计针对盲人学习者时的几个策略，并对每个策略的使用进行了讨论。     

论我国残疾人无障碍权益保障法律制度的完善

随着我国社会与残疾人事业的发展,《残疾人保障法》的修改已提上议事日程。《残疾人保障法》的修改涉及诸多方面。其中,我国无障碍权益保障法律制度存在着明显的缺陷:对无障碍概念的界定过于狭窄,致使残疾人的权益保护不周。同时,我国的无障碍设施建设工作也存在诸多问题。因此,在修改《残疾人保障法》时,将“无障碍权益”单独设立一章加以规定,并增加相应的内容。同时应继续切实加强当前的无障碍设施建设和管理工作。     

残疾人“无障碍”公众意识提升的迫切性和对策

无障碍环境是残疾人平等参与社会生活的基础。无障碍的物质环境不仅是有限的,而且其构建的程度也是依赖于无障碍公众意识的提升程度。因此,消除健全人与残疾人之间的心理障碍就显得更为重要,无障碍公众意识的提升具有迫切性。只有这样,才能营造平等的无障碍社会氛围,从而推动无障碍社会的构建。通过对无障碍公众意识的现状分析,展现了当下存在对残疾人认知上的误区、对残疾人帮困上的误区以及在人文环境方面的不尊重等问题,进而提出宏观制度约束层面、中观无障碍文化建设层面和微观专业服务供给层面的相应对策。     

听障残疾人远程教育中的虚拟现实技术探索

从当前比较流行的远程教育出发,根据残疾人自身特点和社会要求,分析残疾人远程教育的发展状况,探讨了目前残疾人远程教育中存在的一些问题和问题存在的原因．提出基于Web的虚拟现实技术应用于残疾人远程教育的具体做法。     

从学习者特征出发试析残疾人远程教育课程设置

远程教育这一灵活便捷的教学形式为残疾人接受高等教育提供了更多机会,受到残疾人学习者的认可。课程设置是远程教育的重要组成部分,决定着学习者的学习效果和远程教育的质量。残疾人学习者在生理和心理上存在一定的特殊性,这种特殊性要求在对残疾人远程教育进行课程设置时应多关注学生的特点。本文在实际调查的基础上,探讨参加远程教育的残疾人学习者的特征,并以此为出发点尝试提出有关残疾人远程教育课程设置的几点建议。     

论残疾人健身制约因素与无障碍环境建设

推进残疾人社会保障和服务体系建设是新时期残疾人工作的重点.本文运用文献调研、调查法、逻辑分析等研究方法,在总结残疾人体育锻炼现状的基础上,归纳出残疾人健身的制约因素主要集中在社会观念、政策调控机制、健身服务体系等方面;残疾人体育锻炼无障碍环境必须包含心理环境、人文环境和物质环境三个方面;加快残疾人体育锻炼无障碍环境建设必须树立平等共享的社会观念,完善残疾人体育服务人才培养体系以及提高体育建筑中无障碍环境的设计能力等.     

残疾人无障碍环境建设的社会因素分析——以广州市为例

残疾人无障碍环境建设是社会和谐的重要标志之一,体现了“残疾人平等参与”的社会理念。无障碍环境建设包括物质和人文环境两个层面,在大力推进无障碍设施建设的同时,还应同步进行无障碍的人文环境建设。本文介绍了广州市无障碍设施的建设情况,从制度法规、设计、管理以及公众意识等方面分析了影响无障碍建设的社会因素,提出了更好地进行无障碍环境建设的建议和意见。     

Removing the Barriers for Students with Disabilities: Accessible Online and Web‐Enhanced Courses

The concern of this article is the difficulties faced by disabled students as technology grows and expands in academia. Although distance learning, web‐based courses, and hybrid courses, among other venues, have improved the chances for many people suffering disabilities for obtaining degrees and thereby increasing their life chances, we have met new challenges as well. This work will consider the growth of these technologies and some of the difficulties they present to particular groups of students. Also, the article will explore methods of overcoming many of these problems. Finally, a general method of working with these students and their special needs is drawn from existing literature.     

How people with developmental disabilities navigate the Internet

We live at a time when the Internet is used increasingly for communication, for information, and for the exchange of goods and services. Questions arise about how people with learning disabilities make use of this new technology. In this article, Bjorn Harrysson, with two of his colleagues, A. Svensk and G. I. Johansson, from the Department of Design Sciences at the Lund Institute of Technology in Sweden, explores the opportunities and difficulties experienced by members of this group when navigating the Internet.
Harrysson, Svensk and Johansson observed seven people, aged between 15 and 44 and with mild to moderate developmental disabilities, as they navigated between different web pages using the general tools of Microsoft Internet Explorer Web Browser. The authors describe some of the strategies that were used for moving within and between web pages and for opening web pages, carrying out searches and finding preferred web sites.
The results of the study are partly optimistic. The people involved made good use of many of the features of the general software. They experienced greater difficulties when it became necessary to use text to navigate and explore the huge potential of the Internet. Harrysson, Svensk and Johansson close their article by making a series of recommendations for developments that would facilitate ease of access and independence in the use of the Internet for people with developmental disabilities.     

Rethinking the contributions of young people with learning disabilities to iPad storymaking: a new model of distributed authorship

Digital technologies such as iPads are now ubiquitous in classrooms and family homes, enabling new possibilities for all learners but particularly for those with disabilities. Existing literature explores how children with learning disabilities create and benefit from personalised digital stories but does not unpack theoretical understandings of their ‘authorship’. This paper addresses this gap by proposing an original model of ‘distributed authorship’ with three axes of distribution—interpersonal, technological and temporal—to account for the authorial contributions of young people with learning disabilities. Five families were given an iPad with Pictello storymaking app and instructed to use it with their young person in any way which was engaging for them. Data generation over 12 weeks included weekly diaries, home videos, semi-structured interviews and story collection. Findings indicated that whilst ability to directly engage with the app varied, all the young people could be said to exert authorial influence on the stories distributed across three axes: support from others, support from the technology itself and incorporation of prior embodied agency. The study has theoretical implications for our understanding of ‘authorship’ as well as implications for pedagogy and practice by reconceptualising severely disabled children as literate learners and co-authors.     

现代远程特殊教育需求调查与学习模式探索

河北远程特殊教育不仅是河北开放大学肩负的社会责任和重要的工作任务,也具有重要的社会意义。为充分了解石家庄市的残障人士的现状,特殊教育学院有针对性地对残疾人进行调查,以制定符合残疾人自身特点的学习专业方向和教学实施计划。远程职业特殊教育实行混合式学习模式,让河北有学习要求的残障人士通过"河北电大特殊教育远程教学平台",随时随地地免费参加学历教育与非学历教育的课程学习和考核,获得相应的学历或课程结业文凭。     

Changes and challenges in the transition to adulthood: views and experiences of young people with learning disabilities and their families

The transition to adulthood poses one of the most complex challenges for young people with intellectual disabilities. In order to conduct a wide-reaching and in-depth study of this process, we need to know the views of these young people themselves and their families. This article presents research designed to collect the experiences and perceptions of young people with disabilities and their families regarding perceived problems and support in their transition to adulthood in Spain. A qualitative case study method was used to achieve this. Data were collected in three stages on the following topics: educational pathway (primary and secondary school), social support networks and free time, and construction of a personal plan for the future (labour market inclusion and independent living). Various different instruments were used, including interviews, focus groups and visual methods. As for the results, the young people who participated in the study experienced difficulties with both successfully completing secondary education and continuing their education. The families in our study were not very satisfied with the guidance received from professionals upon finishing secondary school. They also complained about the lack of training options available to young people with disabilities. The participants expressed certain fears regarding social inclusion and labour market integration. They are aware that they will need help, and have doubts about whether they will receive the necessary support to progress with their plans for labour market integration and independent living. As a result of the study, we propose several recommendations to improve opportunities for the social inclusion of young people with disabilities in their transition to adulthood.     

Beyond school inclusion: secondary school and preparing for labour market inclusion for young people with disabilities in Spain

Research analysing good practices in the area of labour market inclusion for people with disabilities shows that the role of the secondary school is fundamental in improving employment opportunities. The aim of this article is to analyse to what extent secondary education in Spain prepares young people with learning difficulties for later inclusion in society and the labour market. Results from studies into good practices in secondary education have established which educational characteristics to take into account for pupils' transition to working life and the need for the school to lead this process. We contrast these results with the current situation in Spain by comprehensively analysing how current secondary education is facing up to the challenges of labour market inclusion for young people with disabilities. Following this, we propose guidelines for the improvement of educational practices in secondary education so as to foster opportunities for labour market participation, from an inclusive viewpoint, for young people with learning disabilities.     

学习不良儿童的情绪问题

情绪对人们的生活具有重要的影响,但是,学习不良儿童的情绪研究却被忽视了。实际上。学习不良儿童比一般儿童具有更多的情绪问题。文章介绍了有关学习不良儿童焦虑与抑郁情绪的研究。揭示了学习不良与情绪困扰之间的关系,并提出了改善学习不良儿童情绪问题的有效措施。     

‘What can I do to help?’: Postsecondary students with learning disabilities' perceptions of instructors' classroom accommodations

This qualitative research report adopts a critical pedagogy perspective to examine the provision of classroom accommodations for postsecondary students with learning disabilities. Although instructors in the United States are bound to abide by disability rights laws, we also believe instructors can act in ways that allow students to feel comfortable in disclosing their disabilities and in requesting and accessing accommodations for these disabilities. We engaged the voices of 10 university students living with learning disabilities through a series of semi‐structured interviews. These students offered a variety of statements on the ways that their disabilities were accommodated or not by their instructors. We classified these perceptions into three kinds of accommodation perceived by university students with learning disabilities: non‐accommodation, formal accommodation and accommodation for all students. We discuss the implications that these types of accommodations have for pedagogy and offer recommendations for effective techniques for accommodating for all. We hope the voices of these students will serve to enhance communication between students with learning disabilities and their professors.